HERITABILITY OF PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND OTHER QUALITY TRAITS IN TIMOTHY

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 683-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. SURPRENANT ◽  
R. MICHAUD ◽  
G. ALLARD ◽  
C. A. ST-PIERRE
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Packed Volume

An important aspect in breeding for improved quality is to identify and evaluate new selection criteria. The purposes of this work were (1) to evaluate genetic variability for three physical properties in timothy (Phleum pratense L.): packed volume (PV), water retention (WR) and water solubility (WS); these traits being potential indicators of voluntary intake, (2) to estimate their heritability, and (3) to determine the genetic relationship between these physical properties and some other quality traits. In this study, 25 clones and their half-sib families were evaluated over a 3-yr period for dry matter yield (DMY), crude protein (CP), digestibility (IVDMD), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and three physical properties. The genetic analysis revealed that most genetic variability was additive for these traits. Narrow sense heritability estimates for PV (0.77–0.93), WR (0.70–0.96) and WS (0.33–0.67) suggest that genetic gains could be expected from selection. The phenotypic correlations indicated that PV, WR and WS were positively correlated with CP and IVDMD but negatively correlated with NDF and ADF. The exception was WS, which was not correlated with CP. According to these results, selection for either lower PV or lower WR would have a detrimental effect on CP, IVDMD, NDF and ADF while selection for WS would have little if any effect on these traits.Key words: Digestibility, packed volume, water retention, water solubility, fiber

GENETIC VARIABILITY IN THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND OTHER QUALITY TRAITS OF TIMOTHY

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 713-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. SURPRENANT ◽  
R. MICHAUD
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Selection Strategies ◽  
Packed Volume ◽  
Two Populations ◽  
Phleum Pratense L

The breeding of timothy (Phleum pratense L.) is mainly targetted at improving the nutritive value of the crop. Three physical properties, packed volume (PV), water retention (WR) and water solubility (WS) have been suggested as indirect measurements of voluntary intake. Variation for these three traits was estimated at the early heading and the flowering stages for 2 consecutive years within four timothy populations (Itasca, Labelle, Pronto and Richmond). Significant genetic variation was observed for PV, WR, WS, plant height (PH), dry matter yield (DMY), crude protein (CP), and digestibility (IVDMD) but the magnitude of the variation was inconsistent among populations. Curiously, PV, WR and WS seemed to improve from early heading to flowering. Significant variation was observed in all four populations for PV, in three populations for WS and in only two populations for WR. The different interactions between genotypes, years and maturities indicated that different selection strategies might be needed according to the base population used. The correlations within and between maturity stages among PV, WR, WS, PH, DMY, CP and IVDMD were inconsistent among populations. The presence of genetic variation in timothy for the three physical properties under study suggests that improvement of these traits may be possible through breeding. However, further information is needed on the heritability and the evolution of these traits with advancing maturity.Key words: Timothy, Phleum pratense L., packed volume, water retention, water solubiliy, forage quality

scholarly journals Genetic Analysis of Advanced Populations in Antirrhinum majus L. with Special Reference to Cut Flower Postharvest Longevity

2005 ◽  
Vol 130 (3) ◽  
pp. 434-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Martin ◽  
Dennis P. Stimart
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Antirrhinum Majus ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Cut Flower ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Postharvest Longevity ◽  
Selection For

Narrow-sense heritabilities and genetic correlations of ornamental quality traits of Antirrhinum majus (snapdragon) were evaluated with special reference to cut flower postharvest longevity (PHL). Inbreds P1 (16 days PHL) and P2 (3 days PHL) were hybridized to produce an F1 (P1 × P2) that was self-pollinated to produce an F2 population. The F2 were self-pollinated to produce F3 families and advanced through single-seed descent by self-pollination to the F5 generation. P1, P2, F1, F3, F4, and F5 were evaluated for ornamental quality traits. Quality traits were found to be quantitative and normally distributed. Narrow-sense heritability (h2) estimates were high and consistent across generations examined; PHL h2 ranged from 0.79 to 0.81 ± 0.06. Phenotypic and genotypic correlations revealed underlying physiological and pleiotropic interactions relevant to breeding programs aimed at simultaneous improvement of ornamental quality traits. PHL is inversely related to cut flower strength and days to flower, -0.44 ± 0.04 and -0.43 ± 0.44. Buds at discard is positively correlated to cut flower and plant diameter, cut flower weight and days to flower, 0.77 ± 0.05, 0.58 ± 0.06, 0.71 ± 0.06, and 0.77 ± 0.07, respectively. Gain from selection for quality traits of interest can be rapid.

scholarly journals Breeding and improvement of quality traits in alfalfa (Medicago sativa ssp. sativa L.)

Genetika ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragan Milic ◽  
Djura Karagic ◽  
Sanja Vasiljevic ◽  
Aleksandar Mikic ◽  
Branko Milosevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Acid Detergent Lignin ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Important Quality ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Almost All

An important objective in alfalfa breeding is the improvement of forage quality. The aim of this experiment was to determine the genetic control of the most important quality traits in whole plant leaves and stems of alfalfa genotypes. Quantitative genetic parameters were estimated for crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and acid detergent lignin (ADL) content. A 5x5 diallel design with reciprocals among parents from geographically different populations were studied. In the diallel study, effects due to general combining ability (GCA) were higher than those due to specific combining ability (SCA) for majority of the tested characters in analyses of whole plant. The F1 progeny effect was significant for almost all characters (except ADF content). The highest values of narrow sense heritability?s were found for NDF (h =0.19) and CP (h =0.17) in whole plant, and in leaves (0.11 and 0.08), while in stems most heritable traits are ADF (h = 0.29) and ADL (h = 0.16) content. As a consequence, CP, NDF and ADF content would be more efficient selection criteria in whole plant analyses, while ADF and ADL content would be more interesting to investigate in stems, in a breeding program for improved nutritive value of alfalfa.

EFFECT OF ONE CYCLE OF DIVERGENT PHENOTYPIC SELECTION FOR CRUDE PROTEIN, DIGESTIBILITY AND DIGESTIBLE YIELD IN TIMOTHY

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 757-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. SURPRENANT ◽  
R. MICHAUD ◽  
G. ALLARD
Keyword(s):  
Significant Variation ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Phenotypic Selection ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Selection For

A major goal in the breeding of timothy (Phleum pratense L.) is to improve its nutritive value. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of one cycle of divergent phenotypic selection for crude protein, digestibility and digestible yield. The progeny of genotypes selected either for high or low crude protein, high or low digestibility, and high or low digestible yield along with a subpopulation representing the unselected original parents were evaluated for dry matter yield and several forage quality characteristics under spaced plant and sward conditions. Under spaced plant conditions significant variation was observed for digestibility (IVDMD), crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF). Under sward conditions, significant variation was observed for water retention (WR), ADF and NDF. Under spaced plant conditions, a priori contrasts indicated that one cycle of selection was sufficient to create distinct populations for CP in selecting for CP, for IVDMD and ADF with the IVDMD selection and in 2 out of 3 yr for digestible yield with selection for digestible yield. Evaluation under sward conditions indicated that selection for digestible yield modified CP, WS, ADF, NDF, PV and WR. The results from the evaluation under sward conditions were used to compute different parameters related to potential animal production such as dry matter intake, lactation net energy, energy intake, and different estimates of potential milk production that could be obtained from feeding this hay.Key words: Phleum pratense, timothy, quality, dry matter intake

Correlated response to selection for litter size in pigs: II. Carcass, meat, and fat quality traits

2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (10) ◽  
pp. 2566 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Estany ◽  
D. Villalba ◽  
M. Tor ◽  
D. Cubiló ◽  
J. L. Noguera
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Correlated Response ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Response To Selection ◽  
Fat Quality ◽  
Selection For

scholarly journals Comets

1998 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1155-1156
Author(s):  
H.U. Keller
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Data Reduction ◽  
Kuiper Belt ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Open Time ◽  
Transneptunian Objects ◽  
Selection For

Comets, the most pristine members of our solar system, are faint at large heliocentric distances (rh > 3 au) and therefore difficult to observe. Data reduction of these faint objects (periodic comets) is time consuming and hence most often just preliminary results can be discussed. Only the orbits of short periodic comets can be predicted and most of those that have been accessible for ISO have been covered within the guaranteed time programme. About 10 proposals were accepted by the selection for open time proposals. A target of opportunity team was formed. The outstanding comet Hale-Bopp (C/1995 01), one of the brightest and therefore most active comets of this century, was suggested and accepted as TOO. The important results from the ISO cometary programme are derived from its observations. In addition to the observations of "classic" comets the newly detected (Jewitt and Luu, 1993) transneptunian objects, probably objects from the Kuiper belt, are observed in an attempt to determine their physical properties.

scholarly journals Tomato second cycle hybrids as a source of genetic variability for fruit quality traits

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 289-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pereira da Costa JH ◽  
Rodríguez GR ◽  
Liberatti DR ◽  
Mahuad SL ◽  
Marchionni Basté E ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Fruit Quality Traits

scholarly journals VARIATION IN DIGESTIBILITY DECLINE WITH ADVANCE IN MATURITY AMONG TIMOTHY (Phleum pratense L.) GENOTYPES

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. McELROY ◽  
B. R. CHRISTIE
Keyword(s):  
Forage Quality ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Single Population ◽  
Population Mean ◽  
Unit Increase ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Phleum Pratense L

The in vitro digestibility (IVD) of timothy (Phleum pratense L.) declines with advance in maturity. Forage quality reductions resulting from late harvesting could be minimized by developing cultivars with reduced IVD decline during maturation. This study examines variation for IVD decline among timothy genotypes. Clones originating from a single population were grown in simulated swards (100 plants m−2) at two Ontario locations in 1980 and 1981. Harvests were made every 5–6 d from early heading to late anthesis. Relative IVD declines were determined by regressing genotype performance on the population mean over several harvests. Considerable variation was found for relative IVD decline, but this parameter was not associated with IVD at early heading. Genotypes were identified which showed high IVD at heading and a 20% reduction in digestibility decline from heading to late anthesis. Changes in IVD were not associated with changes in the leaf content of forage. It is concluded that selection for reduced IVD decline, in addition to high digestibility at heading, might result in a 2–3% unit increase at anthesis.Key words: Timothy, Phleum pratense L., in vitro digestibility, IVD, IVD decline

scholarly journals Efficiency of early selection for rotation-aged wood quality traits in radiata pine

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry X. Wu ◽  
Mike B. Powell ◽  
Junli L. Yang ◽  
Milo Ivković ◽  
Tony A. McRae
Keyword(s):  
Wood Quality ◽  
Radiata Pine ◽  
Early Selection ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Selection For
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