FIELD PERFORMANCE AT SALINE-AFFECTED SITES OF A SOMACLONAL VARIANT OF McGREGOR FLAX SELECTED FOR SALT TOLERANCE IN VITRO

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. G. ROWLAND ◽  
A. McHUGHEN ◽  
C. McONIE
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Plant Establishment ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Somaclonal Variant ◽  
Salinity Response

The response to salinity of a tissue culture derived, salt-tolerant selection (STS) of flax (Linum usitatissimum) was measured at three saline-affected field sites in Saskatchewan in 1985 and 1986. Two experiments were conducted at each site in each year. Experiment A compared the plant population, dry matter yield and seed yield of STS to its parent cultivar McGregor. Experiment B compared the plant establishment, growth rates, days to flower, days to mature and seed yield per plant of STS, McGregor and the cultivar Noralta which has a maturity similar to STS. The seed yield of McGregor was greater than that of STS in both saline and nonsaline conditions and was significantly less affected by salinity than STS. However, when equal numbers of seeds were sown, more STS plants survived to maturity than either McGregor or Noralta. The decrease in seed yield per plant with increasing salinity was usually greater for McGregor and Noralta than STS and sometimes significantly so. The maturity differences among McGregor, STS and Noralta were not correlated with the differences in seed yield per plant. There was no consistent pattern in the results to suggest that STS was more saline-tolerant than were flax cultivars developed using conventional breeding procedures.Key words: Linum usitatissimum, somaclonal variation, salinity response

FIELD EVALUATION ON NONSALINE SOILS OF A SOMACLONAL VARIANT OF McGREGOR FLAX SELECTED FOR SALT TOLERANCE IN VITRO

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. G. ROWLAND ◽  
A. McHUGHEN ◽  
C. McONIE
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Salient Feature ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Somaclonal Variant ◽  
Early Maturing

Field experiments, comparing the performance of a tissue-culture-derived salt-tolerant selection (STS) of McGregor flax (Linum usitatissimum) with the cultivars McGregor, Linott, Noralta, NorLin and NorMan, were sown at three nonsaline locations in Saskatchewan in 1984 and 1985. The salient feature of this experiment was the dissimilarity of STS to its parent, McGregor. STS yielded less, was earlier to bolt, flower and mature, and had larger seeds with a lower oil content than McGregor. The yield of STS was similar to other early-maturing cultivars under test.Key words: Linum usitatissimum, somaclonal variation, seed yield

scholarly journals GENETIC CONTROL OF VARIATION IN A SELECTED POPULATION OF RUSSIAN WILD RYEGRASS (ELYMUS JUNCEUS)

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-280
Author(s):  
T. LAWRENCE
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Control ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Seedling Characters ◽  
Additive Control

Progenies from a five-genotype diallel cross in Russian wild ryegrass, Elymus junceus Fisch., were studied to assess the pattern of genetic control for F1 seed weight and a number of seedling and adult plant characters. Variation in F1 seed weight was largely determined by the maternal parent, but some control by the pollen parent was apparent. Of the seedling characters, days to emerge, rate of leaf appearance, rate of tiller appearance, and seedling dry matter yield, only days to emerge showed additive variance which is amenable to direct selection. The other three characters could be most easily exploited by a recurrent selection program. The adult plant characters, date of inflorescence appearance, P content of the forage, and organic matter digestibility indicated strong additive control which is amenable to direct selection. Dry matter yield and seed yield also showed strong additive control which was accompanied by specific combining ability and weak maternal effects suggesting good progress should be possible by direct selection methods but crossing the selections in a diallel fashion prior to formation of synthetics might be desirable. The seedling characters, rate of leaf and tiller appearance and seedling dry matter yield were interrelated and associated with adult plant yield, thus offering the possibility of screening seedlings for these characters in a recurrent selection program for improved forage or seed yield.

scholarly journals Yield and quality of Maralfalfa forage during long days on three dairy farms in northern Puerto Rico

1969 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-177
Author(s):  
Rafael Ramos-Santana ◽  
Yamil Quijano-Cabrera ◽  
Raúl Macchiavelli
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Forage Quality ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Harvest Intervals

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the dry matter yield and quality performance of Maralfalfa forage obtained at six harvest intervals (HI; 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 d) on three dairies in northern Puerto Rico during the long day season. The 40-day harvest interval was significantly (P < 0.05) inferior in dry matter yield to those of 60, 80, and 90 days; no significant (P < 0.05) differences in yield were observed among intervals of 40, 50 and 70 days. The 40-day interval showed the highest forage quality as indicated by crude protein content, digestibility in vitro of dry matter and neutral detergent fiber, and estimated net energy, index of relative forage quality and theoretical milk production. Although significant (P < 0.05) differences were observed in some of these criteria between 40- and 50-day harvest intervals, the latter maintained a good nutritional value in contrast to drastic losses in quality observed with the longer harvest intervals under study. The simple regression equations between digestibility in vitro of dry matter and of neutral detergent fiber versus harvest interval showed a decrease in digestibility of 2.7 and 3.0 percentage points for each additional 10 days of harvest interval, respectively.

scholarly journals Effect of seedbed methods and time of harvest on the yield and nutritive value of some forage crops grown on Vertisol at Debre Zeit, Ethiopia

1992 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 491-497
Author(s):  
Abate Tedla ◽  
Helena Airaksinen ◽  
M. A. Mohamed-Saleem
Keyword(s):  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Lablab Purpureus ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Time Of Harvest

The influence of the improved drainage broadbed and furrow (BBF), as opposed to the traditional flat seedbed over the growing season on the dry matter yield and nutritive value of Avena sativa, Vigna unguiculata, Lablab purpureus, Vida dasycarpa, Trifolium steudneri and Sesbania sesban were studied on Vertisol. Up to 7 t/ha dry matter yield was recorded for Avena sativa and Lablab purpureus when planted on Vertisols with improved drainage. Dry matter yield of forage crops also increased with advance in stage of maturity or subsequent harvests. On both improved and traditional flat seedbed methods, the chemical analysis of forage crops showed similar declines in crude protein content and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) levels as the maturity of forage crops progressed.

YIELD OF DRY MATTER, IN VITRO-DIGESTIBLE DRY MATTER AND CRUDE PROTEIN OF FORAGES

1967 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 683-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Fulkerson ◽  
D. N. Mowat ◽  
W. E. Tossell ◽  
J. E. Winch
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Plant Type ◽  
Flower Stage ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
Heading Stage

Pure stands of alfalfa, bromegrass, orchardgrass and timothy, each represented by two varieties differing in maturity and/or plant type, were harvested weekly during their first crop growth in 1961, 1962, and 1963.All forages consistently increased in dry matter yield until approximately the early-seed stage. Differences in rate of growth, development and dry matter yield occurred between and within forages and years. Bromegrass, the earliest to start growth, and timothy had similar final yields of dry matter, alfalfa was intermediate and orchardgrass was lowest.At the heading stage in the grasses and at the very-first-flower stage in alfalfa, all species had stored 70% of their dry matter but 82% of their in vitro-digestible dry matter (IVD) yield. Unlike dry matter, IVD yields increased slowly after early June.The crude protein content and yield were considerably lower in the grasses than in alfalfa. Varietal yield differences within a species were small except for orchardgrass. At the suggested harvest time, alfalfa had stored 87% of its maximum crude protein yield, and the grasses, 96%.

PREDICTED FORAGE VALUE OF WHOLE PLANT CEREALS

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 975-986 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. FISHER ◽  
D. B. FOWLER
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Digestible Organic Matter ◽  
Forage Value

Dry matter yield, percent dry weight, in vitro digestible dry matter, in vitro digestible organic matter, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, ash and hemicellulose contents were determined for spring- and fall-sown common wheat, barley, rye and triticale and spring-sown durum wheat and oats for the period from late boot to maturity. Differences among cultivars and stages of maturity were significant for all parameters. These differences were accompanied by stage of maturity interactions. Consideration of the interrelationships among these parameters revealed that level of in vitro digestible dry matter was reflected in measures of acid detergent fiber and ash or percent dry weight. Further analyses indicated that differences in digestibility due to stage of maturity were primarily reflected by changes in ash or percent dry weight, while differences in digestibility among cultivars were mainly attributable to differences in acid detergent fiber.

EFFECTS OF SELECTION FOR SPEED OF GERMINATION ON ESTABLISHMENT, VIGOR, AND YIELD IN ALTAI WILD RYEGRASS

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 1085-1090 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. LAWRENCE
Keyword(s):  
Field Test ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Germination Index ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Stand Establishment ◽  
Greenhouse Test ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Two Populations

Selection for fast and slow germination in Altai wild ryegrass (Elymus angustus Trin.) through three cycles of selection resulted in significant differences in the speed of germination index between the two populations. The fast germinating population established significantly better in a field test than the slow germinating population. Significant differences, although not large, were also found between the populations for spring vigor, seed yield and dry matter yield. However, observations from a greenhouse test indicate that these differences were attributable to differences in stand establishment in the field test rather than directly attributable to selection for speed of germination. It is suggested that selection for fast germination would be useful in breeding better establishing strains of Altai wild ryegrass. This would have little effect on either spring vigor or yield of seed and forage.

scholarly journals Nutritional value and digestible dry matter production of oat genotypes for ensiling

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Vinicius Iank Bueno ◽  
Matheus Gonçalves Ribeiro ◽  
Fernando Alberto Jacovaci ◽  
Tamara Tais Três ◽  
Guilherme Fernando Mattos Leão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Nutritional Characteristics ◽  
Block Scheme ◽  
Before And After

Abstract This study evaluated dry matter yield and nutritional characteristics of different oat genotypes (Avena spp.) for ensiling. Treatments consisted of genotypes of white oat IPR 126 (Avena sativa), black oat Cabocla IPR and Agrocoxilha (Avena strigosa), and BRS Madrugada and BRS Centauro (Avena vertis). Oats were harvested at the phenological stage of milk/dough grain. The design was a completely randomized block scheme, with five treatments and three replications per treatment. The IPR Cabocla genotype showed the highest dry matter content (before and after silo opening) and in vitro dry matter digestibility of fresh forage. No differences were observed for in vitro dry matter digestibility and dry matter losses among silages. The highest silage digestible dry matter yield (kg ha-1) was observed for the BRS Centauro genotype. Thus, despite the better nutritional quality presented by the IPR Cabocla genotype before ensiling, BRS Centauro genotype presented a higher yield of digestible dry matter per hectare.

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