INFLUENCE OF SINGLE STRAINS AND A COMMERCIAL MIXTURE OF Bradyrhizobium japonicum ON GROWTH, NITROGEN ACCUMULATION AND NODULATION OF TWO EARLY-MATURING SOYBEAN CULTIVARS

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 411-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. D. BAILEY
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Nodule Formation ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Nitrogen Accumulation ◽  
Plant Nitrogen ◽  
Commercial Mixture ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Glycine Max L

Seven single strains and a commercial mixture of Bradyrhizobium japonicum were evaluated in association with two early-maturing Canadian soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) cultivars, Maple Presto and Maple Amber. Inoculated and uninoculated plants were grown in pails outdoors. Soil temperature at 15 cm depth was monitored throughout the experiment. At the V2, V3, R2 and R4 growth stages, whole plants were removed from the pails. Nodules were counted and weighed; roots and tops were separated, weighed and analyzed for total nitrogen. Bradyrhizobium japonicum strains 61A148, 61A196, 61A194 and 61A155 were similar in effectiveness, but superior to strains 61A124a, 61A118b, 61A101c and the commercial mixture in earliness of nodule formation, number and weight of nodules per plant, and in promoting greater root and top growth and plant nitrogen accumulation. There were indications that soil temperature may have affected nodulation. Maple Amber showed the greater potential for symbiotic nitrogen fixation. This cultivar supported earlier nodulation, had a greater number of nodules, accumulated more nitrogen in the tops and roots and had greater growth than Maple Presto.Key words: Soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merrill, soil temperature, soybean growth stages, Bradyrhizobium, nodulation

SURVIVAL OF Bradyrhizobium japonicum IN CANADIAN PRAIRIE SOILS

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. D. BAILEY
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Growth Chamber ◽  
Prolonged Storage ◽  
Canadian Prairie ◽  
Prairie Soils ◽  
Commercial Mixture ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Glycine Max L

The study was conducted to determine whether Bradyrhizobium japonicum can over-winter in Canadian prairie soils, and whether prolonged storage in soil exposed to various environmental conditions affects its nodulating activity. In 1984, Maple Amber, an early-maturing Canadian soybean cultivar was grown in the field on two soils that had never been contaminated with B. japonicum. Two single strains and a commercial mixture of four strains were used as inoculants. In 1985, the soils were cropped again to soybean, but the 1984 inoculated plots were split to permit noninoculated and inoculated treatments. In both years, the inoculants increased seed yield and protein content over the noninoculated treatments. Plants grown on soils inoculated in 1984, but not in 1985, had no nodules, indicating that the Rhizobia did not survive over the winter; seed yield and protein content were similar to plants grown on soils that were never inoculated. Further, the two strains of B. japonicum, 61A148 and 61A196 were more effective than the multistrain inoculant, producing more nodules and greater seed yield, but similar protein content. In the fall of 1984, soil was removed from the inoculated and noninoculated plots and subjected to storage treatments prior to cropping to inoculated soybeans in a growth chamber. Immediate cropping of soils in the growth chamber, following removal from the field, showed that Bradyrhizobia were present at the time of sampling. Prolonged storage in a frozen or severe drying condition completely destroyed the nodulating activity of the Bradyrhizobia and may have killed them; storage in a moist refrigerated state reduced their nondulating activity and may have adversely affected their survival.Key words: Glycine max (L.) Merrill, soybean, Bradyrhizobia nodulation, survival, freezing, drying

scholarly journals Response of Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) to Mineral Nitrogen Fertilization and Bradyrhizobium japonicum Seed Inoculation

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1300
Author(s):  
Janusz Prusiński ◽  
Anna Baturo-Cieśniewska ◽  
Magdalena Borowska
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Plant Nitrogen ◽  
Seed Inoculation ◽  
Glycine Max L

A growing interest in soybean cultivation in Poland has been observed in the recent years, however it faces a lot of difficulties resulting from a poorly understood effectiveness of plant nitrogen fertilization and from the introduction of Bradyrhizobium japonicum to the environment. The aim of the study was to evaluate the consistency of response of two soybean cultivars to three different rates of mineral N fertilization and two seed inoculation treatments with B. japonicum in field conditions over four years regardless of previous B. japonicum presence in the soil. A highly-diversified-over-years rainfall and temperature in the growing season do not allow for a definite statement of the differences resulting from seed inoculation and mineral N fertilization applied separately or jointly in soybean. A high sensitivity of the nodulation process to rainfall deficits was noted, which resulted in a decreased amount of B. japonicum DNA measured in qPCR and dry matter of nodules. ‘Annushka’ demonstrated a higher yield of seeds and protein, higher plants and the 1st pod setting. ‘Aldana’, due to a significant decrease in plant density, produced a higher number of pods, seeds per pod and the 1000 seed weight per plant. Both cultivars responded with an increase in the seed yield after seed inoculation with HiStick, also with an application of 30 and 60 kg N, as well as with Nitragina with 60 kg N.

Pea and soybean performance in Newfoundland

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 723-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Spaner ◽  
A. G. Todd ◽  
D. B. McKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Grain Legumes ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Nodule Formation ◽  
Soil Temperatures ◽  
Faba Beans ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Livestock Farmers ◽  
Near Future

Newfoundland livestock farmers import all feed grain legumes. Our objective was to compare field pea (Pisum sativum L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] nodule formation, plant growth, grain and protein yield potential in Newfoundland. Two-year experimental mean pea yield was high (≈0.3 t grain ha–1), although lodging was severe. Vision soybean yielded around 400 kg grain protein ha–1 when seeds were inoculated, even with soil temperatures below 20°C. Despite reasonable yield potentials, agronomic adaptation problems mitigate against the local production of all common feed grain legumes in the near future. Key words: Pisum sativum; Glycine max; lupins; faba beans; inoculant

scholarly journals Diversidad de los rizobios que nodulan la soja en los suelos de la Pampa húmeda e identificación de cepas para la fabricación de inoculantes comerciales

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Graciela N. Pastorino
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Glycine Max L

Las labores culturales, provocan modificaciones de las propiedades físicas, químicas y biológicas de los suelos. Estas se clasifican en: labranza convencional, labranza vertical y siembra directa. Cada tecnología de manejo genera estreses a los que las poblaciones microbianas se adaptan, como resultado de cambios morfológicos, fisiológicos y genéticos. La inoculación de la soja (Glycine max [L.] Merr) es una tecnología que se introdujo en la Argentina junto con el cultivo y por ello los inoculantes fueron el vehículo de ingreso de las cepas exóticas de Bradyrhizobium, que una vez incorporadas al suelo, se adaptaron y establecieron dando origen a las poblaciones de rizobios naturalizadas. Lo que condujo a generar diversidad a nivel del genoma de los bradyrizobios. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la diversidad de los simbiontes de soja que se encuentran en la población del suelo y el rol que cumple como recurso en la selección de cepas para la producción comercial de inoculantes. Se evaluaron dos muestras de suelo que durante los últimos 8 años fueron trabajados con siembra directa (SD) y con labranza convencional (LC). Se realizó el recuento y aislamiento de rizobios. Los aislados se caracterizaron fisiológica y genéticamente. La diversidad se evaluó mediante la amplificación de las secuencias BOX A1R. Se seleccionaron 52 aislados que se identificaron amplificando las regiones RSα y nifD y la secuenciación del fragmento ITS 16S - 23S rDNA. El recuento de rizobios mostró que en el suelo bajo SD y antecesor soja la población fue mayor que en la muestra de suelo bajo LC y antecesor maíz. La caracterización fisiológica de 200 aislados reflejó que los suelos LC contuvieron un mayor número de cepas tolerantes a salinidad y alta temperatura. Además un porcentaje mayor de aislados del suelo LC, respecto del suelo bajo SD, resultó con capacidad de sobrevivencia sobre semilla superior a la cepa control E109. Los aislados además presentaron diferencias en la nodulación y fijación de nitrógeno, en la tolerancia a glifosato y en la producción de ácido indol acético (AIA). Sólo un aislado mostró capacidad de solubilización de fósforo. El análisis del dendrograma generado con los fingerprints BOX A1R, mostró que hay mayor diversidad en los suelos bajo SD. Sobre los 52 aislados analizados en base a la secuencia del ITS se encontró que el 70 % son Bradyrhizobium japonicum y 30 % B. elkanii. Se identificaron 4 aislados que comparten características genéticas de ambas especies de Bradyrhizobium. En esta tesis se confirmó que en los suelos con historia de cultivo de soja, manejados bajo distintos sistemas de labranzas, se indujeron cambios a nivel del genoma de las cepas de rizobios que contribuyó a modificar la diversidad de la población. Las poblaciones naturalizadas son un recurso para la identificación de rizobios con características superiores para la fabricación de inoculantes, sin embargo es necesario profundizar las evaluaciones de la supervivencia, tolerancia, competitividad y promoción del crecimiento vegetal de rizobios naturalizados para emplearlos como bioinoculantes.

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