ISOELECTRIC FOCUSING PATTERNS OF KERNEL ISOZYMES FROM 80 NORTH AMERICAN WINTER WHEAT CULTIVARS

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. S. COX ◽  
J. P. MURPHY ◽  
L. G. HARRELL
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Malate Dehydrogenase ◽  
North American ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Glucose Phosphate Isomerase ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Glucose Phosphate ◽  
Hard Red Winter Wheat ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars

The cataloguing of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar isozyme patterns, though a routine exercise, provides useful data for genetic and breeding studies. Isozymes of five kernel enzyme systems (β-amylase, esterases, malate dehydrogenase, superoxide dismutase, and glucose phosphate isomerase) were separated by isoelectric fosusing (IEF) for 80 North American winter wheat cultivars. No variation in malate dehydrogenase, superoxide dismutase, or glucose phosphate isomerase IEF patterns was detected. There were three groups of hard red winter wheat cultivars with esterase patterns that differed from the pattern common to all others: Arkan and Sage; Siouxland, Colt, and Pioneer 2157; and Sandy. Esterase IEF, in contrast to gliadin electrophoresis in other studies, distinguished Sage from Eagle and Larned. Four soft red winter cultivars (Compton and Adena; Florida 302; Roland) and six groups containing a total of eight hard red winter cultivars (RHS812; RHS830; Norstar; Plainsman V; TAM 105, TAM 107, and Rose; and TAM 101) had variant β-amylase patterns. Some of the esterase and β-amylase varients, produced by genes on chromosomes 3A, 3D, 4D, 5A, and possibly others, may be useful in linkage studies.Key words: Cultivar identification, electrophoresis, β-amylase, esterase, superoxide dismutase, glucose phosphate isomerase

Mixtures of Hard Red Winter Wheat Cultivars 1

1966 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. I. Shaalan ◽  
E. G. Heyne ◽  
J. R. Lofgren
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Hard Red Winter Wheat ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Red Winter Wheat

scholarly journals Polymorphism of Gli-D1 alleles of Kragujevac’s winter wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.)

Genetika ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-282
Author(s):  
Desimir Knezevic ◽  
Aleksandra Novoselskaya-Dragovich
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Molecular Mass ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Number Of Components ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars

Composition of gliadins encoded by Gli-D1 allele as well polymorphisms of Gli-D1 allele investigated in 25 wheat cultivars by using acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Electrophoregrams obtained by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis were used for estimation variability of gliadin components and identification of gliadin blocks. Five gliadin blocks encoded by different alleles at Gli-D1 locus were apparently expressed and identified. Gliadin blocks differed according to number of components and their molecular mass. Variability of determined block components indicates that existing polymorphisms of gliadins alleles. Frequency of identified 5 alleles at Gli-D1 locus was in ratio from 4% to 52%. The highest frequency of b allele and the of g allele was found.

Genetic Improvement in Agronomic Traits of Hard Red Winter Wheat Cultivars 1919 to 1987

Crop Science ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 756-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. S. Cox ◽  
J. P. Shroyer ◽  
Liu Ben‐Hui ◽  
R. G. Sears ◽  
T. J. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Hard Red Winter Wheat ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Red Winter Wheat

scholarly journals Effects of tillage system and forecrop type on frequency of Fusarium culmorum and F. avenaceum occurrence on culm base of some winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryszard Weber ◽  
Włodzimierz Kita
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Fusarium Culmorum ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Cultivation System ◽  
Preceding Crop ◽  
Plant Cultivation ◽  
Crop Type ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars

In the years 2001 - 2003, there were analyzed relations between the number of <i>Fusarium culmorum</i> and <i>F. avenaceum</i>, fungi found on culm base parts of stalks of seven winter wheat cultivars, and preceding crop type as well as the cultivation system. The research was carried out in Poland, on light soil plots of a Lower Silesia-based experimental station subordinate to the Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation (IUNG). The loglinear and correspondence analyses proved varying immunity of particular wheat cultivars to <i>F. culmorum</i> and <i>F. avenaceum</i> fungi. There were also observed significant differences in <i>Fusarium</i> diseases of wheat as dependent on precipitation and temperature in the growing season. The Kobra cultivar was highly resistant to <i>F. avenaceum</i>. The lowest amounts of <i>F. culmorum</i> fungi were detected in the culm base parts of the Izolda cultivar. The cultivation of corn, as a preceding crop for oats and for spring wheat, did significantly differentiate varieties of fungi in the cultivation systems examined. In the plough cultivation system, wheat was mainly infected by <i>Fusarium culmorum</i>, whereas in direct sowing, particular cultivars of wheat were mostly infected by <i>F. avenaceum</i>.

Genetic Improvement in Milling and Baking Quality of Hard Red Winter Wheat Cultivars, 1919 to 1988

Crop Science ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 626-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. S. Cox ◽  
M. D. Shogren ◽  
R. G. Sears ◽  
T. J. Martin ◽  
L. C. Bolte
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Baking Quality ◽  
Hard Red Winter Wheat ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Red Winter Wheat

EFFECT OF A Rht GENE CONDITIONING THE SEMIDWARF CHARACTER ON WINTERHARDINESS IN WINTER WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell)

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. GILLILAND ◽  
D. B. FOWLER
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Cold Hardiness ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Breeding Strategy ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars

In the northern part of the North American Great Plains, the level of cultivar winter-hardiness required for winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production is extremely high. Presently, available winter wheat cultivars with adequate winterhardiness are tall and, under favourable growing conditions, crop lodging and excessive amounts of straw can present serious production problems. Consequently, cultivars with short, stiff straw and a high harvest index would be desirable for high production areas within this region. However, semidwarf cultivars with superior winterhardiness have not yet been developed. In this study, six GA-insensitive (Rht) semidwarf parents with poor to moderate winterhardiness were crossed with three GA-sensitive (rht) tall parents possessing good winterhardiness to produce 20 different single, three-way and double crosses. These crosses were evaluated to determine if the GA-insensitive character could be combined with a high level of winterhardiness in winter wheat. Gibberellic acid (GA) sensitivity analyses of F2 seedlings established that a single GA-insensitive gene was involved in each cross. F2-derived F3 and F3-derived F4 lines were assessed for GA-sensitivity and winterhardiness levels were determined from field survival at several locations in Saskatchewan, Canada. Winter survival of homozygous GA-sensitive and GA-insensitive lines were similar in both generations. Lines with winterhardiness levels similar to those of the three tall parent cultivars were recovered in all GA-response classes. The absence of a meaningful pleiotropic effect of Rht genes on winterhardiness indicates that the reason semidwarf cultivars with superior winterhardiness levels have not been developed is due to the lack of a concentrated breeding effort to combine the two characters. A breeding strategy for the production of adapted winterhardy semidwarf winter wheat cultivars is discussed. The influence of endogenous gibberellin levels on cold hardiness in winter wheat is also considered.Key words: Cold hardiness, field survival, Triticum aestivum L, semidwarf, Gibberellic acid

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