EFFECTS OF 2,4-D AND ZEATIN RIBOSIDE ON POLLEN CALLUS INDUCTION IN BARLEY ANTHER CULTURE

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. YE ◽  
B. L. HARVEY ◽  
K. N. KAO

Anthers of two barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars, Bonanza and Elrose were cultured in media A or K1 with different levels of 2,4-D and zeatin riboside (Z-r). The results indicated that a combination of 2,4-D and Z-r in their optimal ranges (0.25–1.0 mg/L and 0.125–0.25 mg/L, respectively) significantly increased pollen callus induction in Bonanza anthers. Addition of 2,4-D alone (optimal range 0.25–2.0 mg/L) increased the frequency of callus formation in Elrose, while Z-r (0.125–2.0 mg/L) had no obvious effect on callus induction. When Z-r concentration was higher than 2.0 mg/L it decreased callus formation. At high concentrations (2.0–4.0 mg/L) 2,4-D alone induced loose calli which were not able to develop into plantlets.Key words: Barley, anther culture, 2,4-D, zeatin riboside

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Budi Winarto ◽  
Nurhayati Ansori Mattjik ◽  
Agus Purwito ◽  
Budi Marwoto

Improvement of selected induction culture media on callus induction in anther culture of anthurium and a histologicalstudy on its callus formation were studied at the tissue culture laboratory of the Indonesian Ornamental CropsResearch Institute from February to October 2008. The objectives of the study were to optimize selected media forcallus formation, reveal cell origin of callus derived from anther culture and shoot formation process. Selectedmedia improved in the study were 1) MMS-TBN containing 0,5 mg/l TDZ, 1,0 mg/l BAP and 0,01 mg/l NAA (Winartomedium, WM) and 2) MMS III supplemented with 1,5 mg/l TDZ, 0,75 mg/l BAP and 0,02 mg/l NAA (Winarto andRachmawati medium, WRM). Improvement treatments were carried out by omission and application of 2,4-D in 0.5mg/l and reduction of medium strength of full, half, quarter, one eighth, one sixteenth, and zero strength. Afactorial experiment was arranged using a randomized complete block design with four replications. Results ofthis study indicated that the highest callus induction was clearly established in WRM. The medium stimulatedpotential growth of anther (PGA) up to 81% with 49% of percentage of anther regeneration (PAR) and 2.7 number ofcallus formed per replication (NCF). Significant improvement in callus formation was also recorded by reduction ofmedium strength of WRM to one eighth compared to others. The reduction induced PGA up to 58% with 29% of PARand 1.8 NCF. From histological studies it was well recognized that regenerated callus on half anthers cultured wasoriginated from middle layer cells of anther wall. The morphogenic response of anther wall cells caused primarilyon no androgenesis effect in microspore cells.


Plant Science ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 162 (5) ◽  
pp. 843-847 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Wojnarowiez ◽  
C. Jacquard ◽  
P. Devaux ◽  
R.S. Sangwan ◽  
C. Clément

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Muñoz-Amatriaín ◽  
A. M. Castillo ◽  
X. W. Chen ◽  
L. Cistué ◽  
M. P. Vallés

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Budi Winarto

Kultur anter merupakan salah satu teknologi haploid penting dalam produksi tanaman haploid ganda dan berhasil diaplikasikan pada berbagai jenis tanaman, namun aplikasi pada Anthurium belum pernah dilaporkan. Penelitian dan pengembangan kultur anter Anthurium yang difokuskan untuk mempelajari pengaruh glutamin dan serin terhadap induksi, pertumbuhan, dan regenerasi kalus dilakukan di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Hias dari bulan Januari sampai dengan September 2008. Tujuan penelitian ialah mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi konsentrasi glutamin dan serin terhadap induksi, pertumbuhan, dan regenerasi kalus pada kultur anter Anthurium. Spadik Anthurium andraeanum cv. Tropical, kalus hasil kultur anter serta medium Winarto dan Teixeira digunakan dalam studi ini. Glutamin dan serin pada konsentrasi 0, 250, 500, dan 750 mg/l diuji dalam percobaan ini. Percobaan disusun menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial dengan empat ulangan. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa penambahan glutamin dan serin pada medium terseleksi belum memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap induksi, pertumbuhan, dan regenerasi kalus. Glutamin pada konsentrasi 250 mg/l menginduksi potensi tumbuh anter hingga 48% dengan 21% anter beregenerasi dan 1,3 anter per perlakuan membentuk kalus. Sementara serin pada 500 mg/l merupakan konsentrasi yang paling potensial dalam induksi kalus dengan 55% potensi tumbuh anter, 24% anter beregenerasi, dan 1,4 anter per perlakuan membentuk kalus. Glutamin 250 mg/l merupakan konsentrasi terbaik dibanding konsentrasi yang lain dalam mendukung pertumbuhan dan regenerasi kalus. Perlakuan tersebut tanpa serin mampu menginduksi potensi pertumbuhan kalus hingga 77% dengan volume kalus mencapai 237 mm3 dan empat tunas dihasilkan per eksplan. Sementara perlakuan serin justru mereduksi pertumbuhan dan regenerasi kalus dan menstimulasi senesensi kalus yang berdampak pada pencoklatan dan kematiannya. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disarankan penggunaan glutamin dibanding serin dalam meningkatkan keberhasilan kultur anter Anthurium.<br /><br /><br /><br />Anther culture is one of important haploid technologies in producing double haploid lines and successfully applied in many plants, while the application in Anthurium is not reported yet. Research and development in anther culture of Anthurium focusing on studying the effect of glutamine and serine on callus induction, growth, and its regeneration was conducted at Tissue Culture Laboratory of Indonesian Ornamental Crops Research Institute from January untill September 2008. Objective of this study was to know the effect of glutamine and serine on callus induction, growth, and its regeneration in anther culture of Anthurium. Spadix of Anthurium andraeanum cv. Tropical, callus derived from anther and Winarto and Teixeira medium were utilized in the study. Glutamine and serine of 0, 250, 500, and 750 mg/l were tested in the experiments. Factorial experiment was arranged by completely randomized design with four replications. Results of the study indicate that addition of glutamine and serine in selected culture medium gave moderate significant effect on induction, growth, and regeneration of callus. Glutamine in 250 mg/l induced potential growth of anther up to 48% with 21% regenerated anthers and 1.3 anthers per treatment producing calli, while 500 mg/l of serine was better concentration in callus formation with 55% potential growth of callus, 24% regenerated anthers and 1.4 anthers per treatment producing calli. In growth and regeneration of callus, supplementation of serine reduced callus capacity in growth and production of shoots and stimulated callus senescence causing browning and death of it, while 250 mg/l glutamine exhibited positive effect on them. The treatment without serine was able to induce potential growth of callus up to 77% with 237 mm3 per callus and four shoots produced per explants. Results of the study suggest application of glutamine rather than serine in improving anther culture of Anthurium.<br /><br />


1992 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
DJ Luckett ◽  
RA Smithard

Agarose-solidified media containing maltose and glutamine were used to produce double-haploid lines, by anther culture, from Australian spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes. Three sets of F1 and two sets of F2 breeder's hybrids were used. Genotype differences were significant for the proportion of anthers responding, and the number of green and albino regenerants per 100 anthers plated. It was confirmed that the environmental conditions experienced by the donor plants (time of year, and field or glasshouse) had a large impact upon explant performance in culture. A minimum level of anther culture efficiency was achieved to allow a breeding program to produce all its inbred lines by this method. The procedure has the potential to save research costs, and deliver improved genotypes to the grower up to four years earlier than conventional methods.


1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 857-865 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. GRANT ◽  
G. J. RACZ

Dry matter production by barley grown in nutrient solution culture was reduced by concentrations of Ca or Mg greater than 8 mmol L−1. Johnston barley was somewhat more sensitive to high levels of Ca and Mg than Bonanza. High concentrations of Ca or Mg did not inhibit uptake of K by the plant. Therefore, the reduction in barley growth was directly caused by excessive levels of Ca and Mg, and not due to a K deficiency induced by excess Ca or Mg. Key words: Calcium, magnesium, potassium, nutrient solution, barley, Hordeum vulgare


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