CANADA THISTLE SUPPRESSION AND RAPESEED TOLERANCE WITH DICAMBA AND PICLORAM

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 971-977
Author(s):  
P. A. O’SULLIVAN ◽  
V. C. KOSSATZ
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Cirsium Arvense ◽  
Flower Formation ◽  
Canada Thistle ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Untreated Check

Field experiments were conducted over a number of years to determine the effectiveness for Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.) control and tolerance of rapeseed (Brassica campestris L. and Brassica napus L.) to various rates of dicamba (0–140 g/ha) and picloram (0–110 g/ha). Dicamba at 70 g/ha and picloram at 20 g/ha provided about 60% and 50%, respectively, reduction in the dry weight of shoots of Canada thistle growing in Candle rapeseed. This degree of suppression did not result in increases in rapeseed yield over the untreated check. Flower formation in Canada thistle was prevented by all rates of dicamba and picloram tested. In tolerance experiments the yield of Candle rapeseed was not reduced with dicamba applied at rates up to 70 g/ha at the two-, four- or six-leaf stages, but yields were reduced at higher rates. Picloram applied at rates up to 70 g/ha did not reduce the yield of Candle rapeseed. Altex yields were reduced with 40 g/ha and higher rates and Regent yields were reduced with picloram applied at 70 g/ha at the six-leaf stage. The data indicate that dicamba at 70 g/ha and picloram at 20 g/ha may selectively suppress the growth of Canada thistle in rapeseed and reduce the spread of this weed through seed or vegetative means while maintaining some rapeseed yield from the treated areas of a field.Key words: Canada thistle control, canola, dicamba, picloram, rapeseed tolerance

SELECTIVE CONTROL OF CANADA THISTLE IN RAPESEED WITH 3,6-DICHLOROPICOLINIC ACID

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 989-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. O’SULLIVAN ◽  
V. C. KOSSATZ
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Cirsium Arvense ◽  
Canada Thistle ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Selective Control

Control of Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense L. Scop.) topgrowth and regrowth, and tolerance of rapeseed (Brassica campestris L. and Brassica napus L.) to 3,6-dichloropicolinic acid at 0.2–0.3 kg/ha were excellent in greenhouse and field trials. Rapeseed yields following postemergence treatment were increased in 12 of 17 trials conducted on infested farm fields.

When is fall feeding by flea beetles (Phyllotreta spp., Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on canola (Brassica napus L.) a problem?

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-107
Author(s):  
Juliana J. Soroka ◽  
Larry F. Grenkow
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Flea Beetle ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Late Season ◽  
The Third ◽  
Flea Beetles ◽  
Seeding Date ◽  
Seed Yields

Soroka, J. J. and L. F. Grenkow. 2012. When is fall feeding by flea beetles ( Phyllotreta spp., Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on canola ( Brassica napus L.) a problem? Can. J. Plant Sci. 92: 97–107. Two cultivars of Brassica napus canola were seeded in mid-May and early June in three field experiments in each of 3 yr near Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, to determine the effects of late-season flea beetle feeding on seed yields. In the first experiment, canola was sprayed with insecticide late in the summer to eliminate naturally-infesting flea beetles. In the second, 1×1×1.5 m screen cages were placed over early- and late-seeded canola at flowering and infested with flea beetles as canola matured. In the third investigation, sleeve cages were placed over individual plants and infested with 100 flea beetles. Flea beetles had no detrimental effects on early-seeded canola in any experiment, but did affect seed yields of late-seeded plots in some trials. Over two cultivars in 1 year, late-seeded plants in cube cages infested with about 350 flea beetles per plant when lower pods were turning from translucent to green in colour reduced yield by 241 kg ha−1 over control yields. Seed weights in these late-seeded plots were decreased from 2.68 g per 1000 seeds in uninfested cages to 2.44 g per 1000 seeds in infested cages. Populations of 100 flea beetles per plant in sleeve cages had no effect on harvest parameters in any seeding date or year.

scholarly journals Effects of Light-Emitting Diodes on the Accumulation of Glucosinolates and Phenolic Compounds in Sprouting Canola (Brassica napus L.)

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Park ◽  
Nam Kim ◽  
Jong Park ◽  
Sook Lee ◽  
Jong-Won Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Led Light ◽  
Sprout Growth

In this study, we investigated optimal light conditions for enhancement of the growth and accumulation of glucosinolates and phenolics in the sprouts of canola (Brassica napus L.). We found that the shoot lengths and fresh weights of red light-irradiated sprouts were higher than those of sprouts exposed to white, blue, and blue + red light, whereas root length was not notably different among red, blue, white, and blue + red light treatments. The accumulations of total glucosinolates in plants irradiated with white, blue, and red lights were not significantly different (19.32 ± 0.13, 20.69 ± 0.05, and 20.65 ± 1.70 mg/g dry weight (wt.), respectively). However, sprouts exposed to blue + red light contained the lowest levels of total glucosinolates (17.08 ± 0.28 mg/g dry wt.). The accumulation of total phenolic compounds was the highest in plants irradiated with blue light (3.81 ± 0.08 mg/g dry wt.), 1.33 times higher than the lowest level in plants irradiated with red light (2.87 ± 0.05 mg/g dry wt.). These results demonstrate that red light-emitting diode (LED) light is suitable for sprout growth and that blue LED light is effective in increasing the accumulation of glucosinolates and phenolics in B. napus sprouts.

Effect of fertiliser phosphorus and nitrogen on the concentrations of oil and protein in grain and the grain yield of canola (Brassica napus L.) grown in south-western Australia

2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 984 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. F. Brennan ◽  
M. D. A. Bolland
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Single Superphosphate ◽  
P Deficiency ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Soil P Testing

The effect of fertiliser phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) on seed (grain) yield and concentration of oil and protein in grain of canola (oil-seed rape; Brassica napus L.) was measured in two field experiments undertaken at eight sites from 1993–2005 in south-western Australia, on soils deficient in P and N. Six rates of P (0–40 kg P/ha as single superphosphate) and four rates of N (0–138 kg N/ha as urea) were applied. Significant grain yield increases (responses) to applied P occurred in both experiments and these responses increased as rates of applied N increased. For grain production, the P × N interaction was significant in all eight years and locations of the two experiments. Application of P had no effect on concentration of oil and protein in grain. Application of N always decreased the concentration of oil and increased the concentration of protein in grain. For canola grain production in the region, responses to applied N always occur whereas responses to applied P are rare, but if soil P testing indicates likely P deficiency, both P and N fertiliser need to be applied.

Dicamba, Chlorsulfuron, and Clopyralid as Sprayer Contaminants on Sunflower (Helianthus annuus), Mustard (Brassica juncea), and Lentil (Lens culinaris), Respectively

Weed Science ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 616-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas A. Derksen
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Crop Tolerance ◽  
Crop Injury ◽  
Untreated Check ◽  
Grass Weed

Simulated sprayer tank residues of the broadleaf weed herbicides dicamba, chlorsulfuron, and clopyralid applied alone and with the grass weed herbicides sethoxydim and diclofop on sunflower, tame mustard, and lentil, respectively, caused visible crop injury and reduced dry weight and yield. Dry weight production in the greenhouse and crop tolerance ratings in the field indicated that the grass weed herbicides enhanced crop injury from dicamba, chlorsulfuron, and clopyralid. Yield reductions in field experiments were also greater when dicamba and clopyralid were mixed with grass weed herbicides and applied on sunflower and lentil, respectively. This did not occur with chlorsulfuron applied to mustard. When mixed with simulated broadleaf weed herbicide residues, diclofop enhanced dry weight reductions and crop injury and reduced yield to a greater extent than sethoxydim. Crop tolerance ratings differentiated treatments and rates but were not a good estimate of the extent of yield loss. When broadleaf weed herbicides were applied at rates simulating sprayer tank residues alone or combined with grass weed herbicides, yield losses ranged up to 40% in sunflower, 70% in mustard, and 95% in lentil, compared to the untreated check.

scholarly journals Selection of the Root Endophyte Pseudomonas brassicacearum CDVBN10 as Plant Growth Promoter for Brassica napus L. Crops

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1788
Author(s):  
Alejandro Jiménez-Gómez ◽  
Zaki Saati-Santamaría ◽  
Martin Kostovcik ◽  
Raúl Rivas ◽  
Encarna Velázquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Bacterial Endophytes ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Bacterial Microbiome ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Pseudomonas Brassicacearum

Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) is an important crop worldwide, due to its multiple uses, such as a human food, animal feed and a bioenergetic crop. Traditionally, its cultivation is based on the use of chemical fertilizers, known to lead to several negative effects on human health and the environment. Plant growth-promoting bacteria may be used to reduce the need for chemical fertilizers, but efficient bacteria in controlled conditions frequently fail when applied to the fields. Bacterial endophytes, protected from the rhizospheric competitors and extreme environmental conditions, could overcome those problems and successfully promote the crops under field conditions. Here, we present a screening process among rapeseed bacterial endophytes to search for an efficient bacterial strain, which could be developed as an inoculant to biofertilize rapeseed crops. Based on in vitro, in planta, and in silico tests, we selected the strain Pseudomonas brassicacearum CDVBN10 as a promising candidate; this strain produces siderophores, solubilizes P, synthesizes cellulose and promotes plant height in 5 and 15 days-post-inoculation seedlings. The inoculation of strain CDVBN10 in a field trial with no addition of fertilizers showed significant improvements in pod numbers, pod dry weight and shoot dry weight. In addition, metagenome analysis of root endophytic bacterial communities of plants from this field trial indicated no alteration of the plant root bacterial microbiome; considering that the root microbiome plays an important role in plant fitness and development, we suggest this maintenance of the plant and its bacterial microbiome homeostasis as a positive result. Thus, Pseudomonas brassicacearum CDVBN10 seems to be a good biofertilizer to improve canola crops with no addition of chemical fertilizers; this the first study in which a plant growth-promoting (PGP) inoculant specifically designed for rapeseed crops significantly improves this crop’s yields in field conditions.

Control of Canada Thistle by Soil Fumigation without Tarpaulins

Weed Science ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Ogg
Keyword(s):  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Soil Fumigation ◽  
Cirsium Arvense ◽  
Canada Thistle ◽  
Ethylene Dibromide ◽  
Excellent Control ◽  
Degree Of Control ◽  
Soil Fumigants

Three years of field experiments showed that Canada thistle. [Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.] could be controlled with deeply injected soil fumigants without covering the soil with a tarpaulin. The degree of control depended on the kind of fumigant, the rate of application, and the depth of injection. Weed control with fumigants usually improved as the rate of application and depth of injection increased. The most effective treatment was 1,3-dichloropropene at 560 kg/ha injected to a depth of 46 cm. Good to excellent control of Canada thistle was also obtained with 1,3-dichloropropene at 280 kg/ha injected either 23 or 46 cm and ethylene dibromide at 160 kg/ha and chloropicrin + ethylene dibromide at 20 + 55 kg/ha injected at 46 cm. Results with ethylene dibromide and chloropicrin + ethylene dibromide were more erratic than with 1,3-dichloropropene. Increasing the percentage of chloropicrin in the combination reduced the control of Canada thistle.

Seedling age and quality upon transplanting affect seed yield of canola (Brassica napus L.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (8) ◽  
pp. 1461-1469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Ren ◽  
Jianfang Zhu ◽  
Nazim Hussain ◽  
Shanlin Ma ◽  
Genru Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Seedling Quality ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Green Leaf ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Seedling Age ◽  
Neck Diameter

Ren, Y., Zhu, J., Hussain, N., Ma, S., Ye, G., Zhang, D. and Hua, S. 2014. Seedling age and quality upon transplanting affect seed yield of canola (Brassica napus L.). Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 1461–1469. Seedling quality is an essential indicator for seed yield in canola, which is affected by many factors, including seedling age. Two field experiments were conducted to compare canola seedling quality and seed yield on 30-, 35-, 40-, 45-, 50-, 55-, and 60-d-old seedlings in 2011 and 2012. The relationship between seedling quality traits and seed yield of different seedling ages was also analyzed. Results revealed that the highest seed yield obtained from 40-d-old seedlings was attributed to more branches and siliques per plant. The negative effect of young seedlings (30-d-old) on seed yield was greater than that of old seedlings (60-d-old). The reduction rates in seed yield on the 30- and 60-d-old seedlings were 25.7 and 18.2%, respectively, compared with the 40-d-old seedlings. Increased root neck diameter, green leaf number, shoot, and root dry matter was the case on 40-d-old seedling transplanted plants compared with other ages. However, the increase was larger in the old seedlings than in the young seedlings. On average, the shoot and root dry weights of the 30-d-old seedlings were 1.9 and 1.7% of those in the 60-d-old seedlings. However, correlation analysis revealed that the seedlings with the highest shoot and root dry matter did not necessarily obtain the highest seed yield. Factor analysis suggested that the effects of root neck diameter and green leaf number on seed yield were more pronounced than those of shoot and root dry matter. Therefore, high seed yield in canola could be defined in terms of optimum green leaf numbers and branches per plant.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document