EFFECT OF FROST ON HULL STRUCTURE OF CANOLA SEEDS

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 841-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. MILLS ◽  
L. VAN CAESEELE ◽  
J. K. DAUN
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Frost Damage ◽  
Canola Seed ◽  
Normal Appearance ◽  
Arrested Development ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Secondary Thickening ◽  
Hull Structure ◽  
Damage Type

Two lots of severely frost-damaged canola seeds (Brassica napus L. ’Regent’) were categorized according to damage type. Seeds from these lots ranged in gross morphology from normal appearance to severely shrivelled with reduced diameter and white patches over the surface. The white color of these patches was caused by accumulation of starch-like granules in the epidermal layers. Frost-damaged hulls showed a variety of symptoms resulting from arrested development. In addition to an accumulation of starch-like granules in the epidermis, frost-damaged hulls displayed abnormal secondary thickening in the palisade.Key words: Frost-damage, canola, seed development, hull structure

scholarly journals Comparative Transcriptomics Analysis of Brassica napus L. during Seed Maturation Reveals Dynamic Changes in Gene Expression between Embryos and Seed Coats and Distinct Expression Profiles of Acyl-CoA-Binding Proteins for Lipid Accumulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
pp. 2812-2825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pan Liao ◽  
Helen K Woodfield ◽  
John L Harwood ◽  
Mee-Len Chye ◽  
Simon Scofield
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Binding Proteins ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Lipid Biosynthesis ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Oil Accumulation ◽  
Seed Coats

Abstract Production of vegetable oils is a vital agricultural resource and oilseed rape (Brassica napus) is the third most important oil crop globally. Although the regulation of lipid biosynthesis in oilseeds is still not fully defined, the acyl-CoA-binding proteins (ACBPs) have been reported to be involved in such metabolism, including oil accumulation, in several plant species. In this study, progressive changes in gene expression in embryos and seed coats at different stages of seed development were comprehensively investigated by transcriptomic analyses in B. napus, revealing dynamic changes in the expression of genes involved in lipid biosynthesis. We show that genes encoding BnACBP proteins show distinct changes in expression at different developmental stages of seed development and show markedly different expression between embryos and seed coats. Both isoforms of the ankyrin-repeat BnACBP2 increased during the oil accumulation period of embryo development. By contrast, the expression of the three most abundant isoforms of the small molecular mass BnACBP6 in embryos showed progressive reduction, despite having the highest overall expression level. In seed coats, BnACBP3, BnACBP4 and BnACBP5 expression remained constant during development, whereas the two major isoforms of BnACBP6 increased, contrasting with the data from embryos. We conclude that genes related to fatty acid and triacylglycerol biosynthesis showing dynamic expression changes may regulate the lipid distribution in embryos and seed coats of B. napus and that BnACBP2 and BnACBP6 are potentially important for oil accumulation.

Heat stress during seed development affects forage brassica (Brassica napus L.) seed quality

2017 ◽  
Vol 204 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rashid ◽  
J. G. Hampton ◽  
M. P. Rolston ◽  
K. M. Khan ◽  
D. J. Saville
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Brassica Napus L

Classification of canola (Brassica napus) winter cultivars by secondary dormancy

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 613-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Gruber ◽  
K Emrich ◽  
W Claupein
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Seed Bank ◽  
Soil Seed Bank ◽  
Canola Seed ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Secondary Dormancy ◽  
Specific Trait

Secondary dormancy is the major reason for seed persistence of canola (Brassica napus L.) in the soil. Volunteers emerging from the soil seed bank can lead to unwanted gene dispersal. More than 40 B. napus canola cultivars were tested for secondary dormancy under laboratory conditions. All cultivars were classified into groups of low, medium, and high dormancy by performing a cluster analysis. The results suggest that secondary dormancy is a cultivar-specific trait. Additionally, inter-year variation in dormancy indicates that it seems to be influenced by a set of environmental factors. Among years, classification of cultivars based on relative rank was more robust than classification based on absolute dormancy values. The classification of cultivars by their dormancy level would allow farmers to select and grow low-dormancy cultivars. Knowledge about the relative secondary dormancy of the currently grown cultivars could help growers and breeders lower canola seed bank persistence. Key words: Brassica napus, cluster analysis, genotype, secondary dormancy, soil seed bank

Frost damage to canola (Brassica napus L.) during reproductive phase in a controlled environment

Agrometeoros ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Kovaleski ◽  
Arno Bernardo Heldwein ◽  
Genei Antonio Dalmago ◽  
Jorge Alberto de Gouvêa
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Frost Damage ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Reproductive Phase

Image-Based Rapid Estimation of Frost Damage in Canola (Brassica napus L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hema S.N. Duddu ◽  
Vladimir Pajic ◽  
Scott D. Noble ◽  
Karen K. Tanino ◽  
Steven J. Shirtliffe
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Frost Damage ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Rapid Estimation

Paclobutrazol increases canola seed yield by enhancing lodging and pod shatter resistance in Brassica napus L.

2015 ◽  
Vol 180 ◽  
pp. 10-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Kuai ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Yingying Sun ◽  
Guangsheng Zhou ◽  
Qingsong Zuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Canola Seed ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Pod Shatter

Free fatty acid contents in developing seed of three summer rape cultivars in Ontario

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. E. May ◽  
D. J. Hume
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Seed Mass ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Developing Seed ◽  
Oil Synthesis ◽  
Basal Portion ◽  
The Individual

Field studies were conducted in 1989 and 1990 to determine the FFA levels during seed development of three Ontario-grown canola-quality summer rape (Brassica napus L.) cultivars, Global, Kristina and OAC Triton, to determine the relationship between FFA and brown seeds and to assess the effect of silique position within the raceme on FFA. Seed mass increased linearly until 44 DAF in 1989 and curvilinearly until 43 DAF in 1990. Seed oil increased until approximately 32 and 31 DAF in 1989 and 1990, respectively. The concentration of FFA in seeds declined in both years until oil concentration stopped increasing, suggesting that FFA were being incorporated into triacylglycerol. During oil synthesis total FFA per seed increased and, as oil synthesis slowed and stopped, FFA decreased. The individual cultivars decreased FFA to different levels as oil synthesis slowed, with Kristina having the lowest FFA. As the crop finished ripening the FFA levels increased in Global and OAC Triton in 1989 and in all cultivars in 1990. There was a strong positive correlation between FFA and percent brown seed in 1990 (r = 0.64) and in 1991 (r = 0.88). FFA and percent brown seed were 33 and 66%, respectively, higher in seed samples from siliques located on branches than in seed samples from siliques located on the main raceme. FFA and percent brown seed were higher in seed samples from siliques on tips than in seed samples from siliques located on the basal portion of the raceme by 137 and 142%, respectively. The results indicated that cultivars differed in their ability to decrease FFA during oil synthesis and a consistent rise in mg FFA kg−1 oil occurred at the end of the seed filling period. Key words: Free fatty acids, Brassica napus, seed development, brown seed, raceme position

scholarly journals Activation of rape (Brassica napus L.) embryo during seed germination. III. Ultrastructure of dry embryo axis

2014 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mieczysław Kuraś
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Cell Ultrastructure ◽  
Embryo Axis ◽  
Storage Material ◽  
Cell Organelles ◽  
Normal Appearance ◽  
Winter Rape ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Dense Cytoplasm ◽  
Storage Organs

Mature dry winter rape (<em>Brassica napus</em> L.), var. <em>oleifera</em>, cv. Górczański embryos were studied in the light and the electron microscope. Considerable modifications and regression of the cell ultrastructure were noted in the resting embryo as compared with the metabolically active cells. The degree of regression of the ultrastructure differed in the particular organs and tissues of the embryo. Of most regressed character are the cells of the storage organs - the hypocotyl and cotyledones. They are almost completely filled with protein and lipid bodies. The small spaces between them are filled with dense cytoplasm with a lobular nucleus and not numerous, difficult to identify, plastids and mitochondria. The cells of the shoot primordium and radicle, particularly of the protoderm at the boundary of the hypocotyl and root and columella of root cap have a less regressed ultrastructure. They contain less storage material, a less dense cytoplasm and nearly all cell organelles with a normal appearance. The mitochondria are quite numerous with rather large cristae. Plastids are large with characteristic infolds filled with cytoplasm and some lamellae and a few agglomerations of plastoglobules. The nucleus is lobular with distinctly double and porous nuclear envelope and uniformly dense nucleolus. These cells do not contain dictyosomes and the ER is reduced to short, mostly rough cisternae and vesicles. Cells within the columella itself are also differentiated. The least regression of ultrastructure is seen in the cells of external layers containing the most numerous and most active looking mitochondria and more ER structures. The promeristem cells are similar to those of the deeper columella layers but their mitochondria are more regressed. The cells of the lateral parts of the cap and radicle cells, distant from the promeristem are more similar to the hypocotyl cells.

Ethylene involvement in silique and seed development of canola, Brassica napus L

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 142-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda J. Walton ◽  
Leonid V. Kurepin ◽  
Edward C. Yeung ◽  
Saleh Shah ◽  
R.J. Neil Emery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Brassica Napus L
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