EFFECT OF HARVEST DATE ON AGRONOMIC AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ONTARIO PEANUTS

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 521-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
WILLIAM A. COURT ◽  
ROBERT C. ROY ◽  
JOHN G. HENDEL
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Cultivar Differences ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Economic Return ◽  
Harvest Dates ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Seed Hull

A field experiment was conducted in 1980 and 1981, on Fox loamy sand, to study the influence of five successive harvest dates on the agronomic and chemical characteristics of peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) grown in Ontario. A spanish type (cv. Comet) and a valencia type (cv. McRan) were examined. Delaying harvest increased yield, sound mature kernels, seed-hull ratio, oil content and the economic return. Crude protein tended to be higher in the immature peanuts but the iodine number and oil stability showed larger differences between cultivars than among harvest dates. Cultivar differences were also apparent for the fatty acids, and more mature peanuts tended to be higher in oleic acid and lower in palmitic, behenic and lignoceric acids.Key words: Peanuts, valencia, spanish, harvest dates, yield, maturity, quality

scholarly journals Effect of nitrogen and potassium fertilization on the production and quality of oil in Jatropha curcas L. under the dry and warm climate conditions of Colombia

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Montenegro R. ◽  
Stanislav Magnitskiy ◽  
Martha C. Henao T.
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Oil Composition

This study was conducted to assess fruit and seed yield, oil content and oil composition of Jatropha curcas fertilized with different doses of nitrogen and potassium in Espinal (Tolima, Colombia). The yields ranged from 4,570 to 8,800 kg ha-1 of fruits and from 2,430 to 4,746 kg ha-1 of seeds. These yields showed that the fertilizer dose of 150 kg ha-1 N + 120 kg ha-1K increased fruit production by 92% and seed production by 95%, which represents an increase of about 100% in oil production, which increased from 947 to 1,900 kg ha-1. The total oil content in the seeds ranged from 38.7 to 40.1% (w/w) with a high content of the unsaturated fatty acids oleic (> 47%) and linoleic acid (> 29%). The highest content of oleic acid in the seed oil was from the unfertilized control plants and plants with an application of 100 kg ha-1 of N and 60 kg ha-1 of K, with an average of 48%. The lowest content of oleic acid was registered when a low dose of nitrogen and a high level of potassium were applied at a ratio of 1:2.4 and doses of 50 kg ha-1 N + 120 kg ha-1 K, respectively. Low contents of the saturated fatty acids palmitic (13.4%) and stearic (7.26%) were obtained, making this oil suitable for biodiesel production. The nitrogen was a more important nutrient for the production and quality of oil in J. curcas than potassium under the studied conditions of soil and climate.

scholarly journals The Seed-Hull Weight Ratio as an Index of Peanut Maturity1,2

1977 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold E. Pattee ◽  
Johnny C. Wynne ◽  
James H. Young ◽  
Fred R. Cox
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Quantitative Method ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Maturity Index ◽  
Peanut Seed ◽  
Seed Maturity ◽  
Harvest Dates ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Seed Hull ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract A simple, quantitative method was developed to determine peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) maturity. The method is based on the changing seed-hull weight ratio during maturation of the fruit. The ratio or maturity index was determined for fresh as well as air-dried pods, and these ratios correlated well with a physiological maturity index. The relationship between arginine maturity index and the air-dried seed-hull maturity index (DMI) was also determined, and the two indexes were negatively correlated. The DMI values across nine planting and eight harvest dates over a 2-year period showed that DMI could be applied to estimate average peanut seed maturity under field harvest conditions. The two peanut varieties tested, Florigiant and Florunner, were found to differ in maxmum DMI values. The study also showed that peanut seed weight increased with maturity then decreased after full maturity.

Evaluation of fatty acid composition among selected amaranth grains grown in two consecutive years

Biologia ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Hlinková ◽  
Adriána Bednárová ◽  
Michaela Havrlentová ◽  
Jana Šupová ◽  
Iveta Čičová
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Amaranthus Cruentus ◽  
Amaranthus Hypochondriacus ◽  
Fatty Acids Profile ◽  
Linoleic Acid Level ◽  
Amaranthus Spp

AbstractThe oil of amaranth grain (Amaranthus spp.) is a rich source of poly-unsaturated fatty acids. In this study, we tested 10 amaranth samples representing two species (Amaranthus cruentus and Amaranthus hypochondriacus) in two consecutive years (2010, 2011). Grain oils were analysed by gas chromatography for their fatty acids profile. In 2010, oil content ranged from 6.4–8.2% for A. cruentus and 6.3–7.9% for A. hypochondriacus. In 2011, the level was 7.1–8.2% and 6.6–8.7% for A. cruentus and A. hypochondriacus, respectively. Linoleic, palmitic, and oleic acids were dominant fatty acids in all of the oil samples. The essential linoleic acid level was 33.3–38.7% (A. cruentus) and 31.7–47.5% (A. hypochondriacus) in 2010 and 34.6–39.9% (A. cruentus) and 34–44.5% (A. hypochondriacus) in 2011. The minority fatty acids, i.e. stearic, α-linolenic, and arachidic acids were also observed. Eicosenoic and behenic acids were present in the grain in trace amounts. Statistical evaluation showed a significant effect of year and species of amaranth on the levels of certain fatty acids. There was a strong positive correlation between oil content and oleic acid, and a negative correlation between oleic acid and either of the other two fatty acids, linoleic and α-linolenic ones.

scholarly journals Dynamics of accumulation of oil and fatty acids in the seeds crops of brassicaceae

2019 ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
T. Ya. Prakhova
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Sinapis Alba ◽  
Camelina Sativa ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Seed Formation ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
The Moment

The aim of the research is to study the dynamics of the accumulation of oil and fatty acids in seeds the oil of Brassicaceae crops in relation to the conditions of the Middle Volga region. The object of research was the Camelina sativa variety Yubilyar and the Sinapis alba variety Lyutsiya. Samples for analysis were taken every 10 days, starting from the moment of seed formation. In the initial stages of seed formation in Camelina and Sinapis alba, the fat content is almost the same and varies from 3.2 to 3.8%. Then the intensity of the oil-accumulating process in crops of cabbage changes and the fat content the seeds increases by 2-3 times. The maximum oil content (27.2 and 39.8%) in of Sinapis alba and of Camelina sativa is noted when the seeds reach full maturity. As the seeds mature, the synthesis of linoleic and linolenic acids increases, their content decreases by 29.1 and 17.2%. The content of oleic acid in oil is also reduced by 9.0% in camelina and only 4.6% in mustard. The content of erucic acid increases, regardless of culture.

scholarly journals Physicochemical properties of new peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) varieties

OCL ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamdy A. Zahran ◽  
Hesham Z. Tawfeuk
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Oil Characteristics ◽  
First Time

Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) are one of the major oilseed crops of the world and are an important source of protein in many countries. In this study, some nutrients and characteristics of the seeds’ oil extracted from four peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) varieties: Line 27r (Israel), Line 9 (Malawi), Line 4 (Brazil) and Line 18 (Israel) cultivated, for first time, in Upper Egypt were subjected to the comparative assessment with control NC variety (USA). Peanut seeds are a rich source of oil content (50.45 to 52.12 g 100 g−1 dry weight “DW”). The physicochemical properties of extracted oil were investigated in this study. The obtained data showed that the ratios of saturated fatty acids ranged from 14.24 to 17.23%, and the amounts of unsaturated fatty acids ranged from 82.77 to 85.76%. Significant variations (p ≤ 0.05) of oil content, saponification value, oleic/linoleic (O/L), and oil characteristics were found. Line 9 was found to be high in oil content, while Line 27r was said to have a high O/L ratio (3.22%) and proportion of unsaturated fatty acids (85.76%).

Evaluation of fatty acids in oil as reaping indices for Caribbean-grown groundnut (Arachis hypogaea)

1994 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Hinds ◽  
B. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
A Value ◽  
Harvest Dates ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Eastern Caribbean ◽  
Crop Maturity ◽  
Oleic And Linoleic Acids ◽  
Composite Samples

SUMMARYStudies were conducted to evaluate amounts of fatty acids in the oil as possible indicators of crop maturity in the groundnut, cultivar NC2, grown in St Vincent, Eastern Caribbean. Percentage fatty acids in oil of the composite samples of seeds collected between 99 and 141 days after planting for a period of 3 years (1985–87) was determined by gas-liquid chromatography. Results indicated variation in the amounts of individual fatty acids with crop maturity. There were definite trends, however, with respect to oleic and linoleic acids. As seeds matured, percentage oleic acid increased and percentage linoleic acid decreased, and consequently, the oleic:linoleic acid ratio in oil of the composite seeds increased significantly. The percentage oleic acid peaked significantly at a value of 55.8 ± 0.59 at optimum harvest dates. The results clearly suggested therefore that percentage oleic acid in oil could be used as a reliable reaping index for groundnut.

scholarly journals Lipid, Protein, and Ash Contents, and Fatty Acid and Sterol Compositions of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Seeds from Ecuador

1995 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelson R. Grosso ◽  
Carlos A. Guzmán
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Iodine Value ◽  
Sterol Composition ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Lower Protein

Abstract Oil and protein percentages, ash, iodine value, fatty acid and sterol compositions were studied in 28 Arachis hypogaea L. cultivars originating from Ecuador. Results showed lower protein percentages in the varieties hypogaea (27.3%) and hirsuta (25.9%) than in the varieties fastigiata (29.4%), peruviana (29.4%), and aequatoriana (31.3%). The principal fatty acids were linoleic and oleic. The variety hypogaea exhibited higher concentrations of oleic acid (45.1%). The sterol composition showed higher concentration of β-sitosterol following by campesterol, stigmasterol, and Δ5-avenasterol.

scholarly journals Combining ability and heterosis analyses for oil and healthy fatty acid composition in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Rayhan Sikder ◽  
Md. Abul Kalam Azad ◽  
Sariful Haque Bhuiya ◽  
Khondakar Sumsul Arefin ◽  
Md. Mahbubul Hassan Sohag ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Fatty Acid Compositions

Development of a variety having high oil content and desirable fatty acid compositions is a major objective of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) breeding programmes. To study the gene action (through combining ability) and heterosis for oil and fatty acids, an experiment was conducted using a 4 × 4 full diallel method. Four parents and their 12 F1 hybrids were evaluated following a randomized complete block design. Data were recorded for oil, fatty acids and oleic-linolenic (O/L) acid ratio. Highly significant genotypic variation was found among the parents and their F1 hybrids for the studied traits. The combining ability studies (general, specific and reciprocal) reflected that the oil and fatty acid traits were controlled by both non-additive and additive genes having significant maternal effects. Results also revealed that the parent China Badam was the best general combiner for oil, linolenic acid and O/L ratio whereas the parent Binachinabadam-4 for oleic and linoleic acids. Best SCA performance was found from the cross Dacca-1 × China Badam and Binachinabadam-4 × China Badam for oil, oleic- and linolenic-acid contents. Significant heterosis for oil content was observed in F1 hybrids obtained from the cross Binachinabadam-4 × China Badam and its reciprocal cross. The cross China Badam × GC (24)-1-1-1 showed a higher O/L ratio (>4) along with lower level of saturated fatty acids. Therefore, these crosses could be exploited in future breeding programmes to develop new lines for higher oil and healthy fatty acid compositions.

scholarly journals Late-season Forage Harvest Effects on Pod and Forage Components of Valencia Market Type Peanut

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
L. Lauriault ◽  
N. Puppala
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Valuable Component ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Harvest Dates ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Fiber Fractions ◽  
Global Concern

ABSTRACT Agricultural productivity per unit of land is a global concern. Moreover, farmers seek to add value to their enterprises. Interest has increased in harvesting Valencia market type peanut (Arachis hypogaea L. subsp. fastigiata var. fastigiata) for forage in food production systems. Trials at two sites near Brownfield, TX, USA, in 2012 and 2013, evaluated forage harvest timing [18, 20, 21, and 22 weeks after planting, (WAP), the last of which was sun-cured in the field from digging until threshing] on forage yield and nutritive value and pod yield of Valencia market type. Producers can harvest hay with greater nutritive value than stover by cutting and baling earlier during the pod maturation phase (about 18 WAP) although pod yield would be significantly (P < 0.05) reduced (2280, 2470, 2880, and 3450 kg pods/ha when forage was harvested 18, 20, 21, and 22 WAP, respectively, SEM = 90). Additionally, forage organic matter (OM) yield declined with each harvest after 18 WAP (3450, 2900, 2670, and 2460 kg OM/ha for forage harvested 18, 20, 21, and 22 WAP, respectively, SEM = 70). Crude protein (CP) concentration decreased across harvest dates from 158 to 124 g/kg and fiber fractions increased. Forage harvest prior to digging is not a viable option to add value to Valencia market type production because of reduced pod yield, which is the more valuable component. Other studies using different market types in other environments with earlier and similar harvest timings yielded similar results.

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