RECOMBINING DORMANCY AND WHITE SEED COLOR IN A SPRING WHEAT CROSS

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 581-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. DE PAUW ◽  
T. N. McCAIG
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Coat Color ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Seed Color ◽  
Seed Coat Color ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sprouting Resistance

Wheat, Triticum aestivum, with white seed coat color has traditionally been considered susceptible to sprouting. A study was undertaken to recombine white seed color with resistance to sprouting. RL 4137, a spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotype with a long, stable dormancy period and three genes for red seed color, was hybridized with 7722, a white-seeded wheat. In both the F3 and F5 generations a positive relationship existed between red seed color and sprouting resistance (SR). The six white-seeded F3 lines exhibited a range in SR from susceptible to as resistant as some red-seeded control cultivars. The mean SR of two white-seeded F4 families was intermediate to both the red-seeded and white-seeded controls at both T0 (20% grain moisture) and T10 (T0 + 10 days). Some white-seeded F4 lines had lower sprouting at T10 than the red-seeded controls Pitic 62, Neepawa, and Glenlea. The dormancy of six white-seeded F5 families derived from F3 lines was greater than the midparent value. There were significant differences among the white-seeded F5 families for mean dormancy. The results indicate that some of the dormancy of RL 4137 has been recombined with white seed coat color. The evidence suggests that RL 4137 has a genetic mechanism for SR associated with red seed color and one or more mechanisms not associated with seed color.Key words: Triticum aestivum, dormancy, white seed color

INHERITANCE OF SEED COAT COLOR IN EIGHT SPRING WHEAT CULTIVARS

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 719-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. BAKER
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Coat Color ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Seed Coat Color ◽  
Wheat Cultivars

Segregation for seed coat color was studied in F2 populations of crosses between eight red-seeded and three white-seeded cultivars of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell). Red Bobs and Pitic 62 each possessed a single gene for red seed coat color; Glenlea and NB320 each carried two genes; Neepawa, Park and RL4137 each possessed three genes. Data for crosses with Manitou were not sufficient to distinguish between the presence of two or three genes for seed coat color in this cultivar.

scholarly journals Mapping and identification of yellow seed coat color genes in Brassica juncea L.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Huang ◽  
Yang Wang ◽  
Hong Lu ◽  
Xiang Liu ◽  
Lu Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candidate Gene ◽  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Coat Color ◽  
Seed Color ◽  
Seed Coat Color ◽  
Flavonoid Pathway ◽  
Yellow Seed ◽  
Color Formation ◽  
Yellow Seed Coat

Abstract BackgroundYellow seed breeding is an effective method to improve the oil content in rapeseed. Yellow seed coat color formation is influenced by various factors, and no clear mechanisms are known. In this study, Bulked segregant RNA-Seq (BSR-Seq) of BC9 population of Wuqi mustard (yellow seed) and Wugong mustard (brown seed) was used to identity the candidate genes controlling the yellow seed color in Brassica juncea L.ResultsYellow seed coat color gene was mapped to chromosome A09, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between brown and yellow bulks enriched in the flavonoid pathway. A significant correlation between the expression of BjF3H and BjTT5 and the content of the seed coat color related indexes was identified. Two intron polymorphism (IP) markers linked to the target gene were developed around BjF3H. Therefore, BjF3H was considered as the candidate gene. The BjF3H coding sequences (CDS) of Wuqi mustard and Wugong mustard are 1071-1077bp, encoding protein of 356-358 amino acids. One amino acid change (254, F/V) was identified in the conserved domain. This mutation site was detected in four Brassica rapa (B. rapa) and six Brassica juncea (B. juncea) lines, but not in Brassica napus (B. napus).ConclusionsThe results indicated BjF3H is a candidate gene that related to yellow seed coat color formation in Brassica juncea and provided a comprehensive understanding of the yellow seed coat color mechanism.

Alvena hard red spring wheat

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 513-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Knox ◽  
R. M. DePauw ◽  
F. R. Clarke ◽  
F. R. Clarke ◽  
T. N. McCaig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
The Mean ◽  
End Use ◽  
Moderate Resistance

Based on 38 replicated trials over 3 yr, Alvena, hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) expressed significantly higher mean grain yield than the checks. It was significantly earlier maturing than AC Barrie and significantly more resistant to lodging than Katepwa. Wheat protein concentration of Alvena was similar to the mean of the checks and flour protein concentration was significantly higher than the check mean. Amylograph viscosity was significantly lower than the mean of the checks. Alvena meets the end-use quality and Canadian Grain Commission’s kernel visual distinguishability specifications of the Canada Western Red Spring wheat market class. Alvena expressed moderate resistance to prevalent races of loose smut and stem rust, intermediate resistance to prevalent races of leaf rust and common bunt, and moderate susceptibility to fusarium head blight. Key words: Triticum aestivum L., cultivar description, grain yield, maturity, disease resistance

AC2000 hard white spring wheat

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 415-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. DePauw ◽  
R. S. Sadasivaiah ◽  
J. M. Clarke ◽  
M. R. Fernandez ◽  
R. E. Knox ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Preharvest Sprouting ◽  
Common Bunt ◽  
White Wheat ◽  
Tilletia Laevis ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
Sprouting Resistance ◽  
Preharvest Sprouting Resistance

AC2000 is a hard white spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) with resistance to preharvest sprouting and prevalent races of common bunt [Tilletia laevis Kuhn in Rabenh. and T. caries (DC.) Tul. & C. Tul.]. It is eligible for grades of the Canada Prairie Spring (White) wheat class. Key words: Triticum aestivum L., cultivar description, white wheat, bunt resistance, preharvest sprouting resistance, noodle color

Lovitt hard red spring wheat

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 811-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. DePauw ◽  
R. E. Knox ◽  
J. M. Clarke ◽  
T. N. McCaig ◽  
F. R. Clarke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Loose Smut ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
Sprouting Resistance

Lovitt hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is adapted to the Canadian prairies. Lovitt is earlier maturing than AC Barrie with similar grain yield and smaller kernels. Lovitt has resistance to prevalent races of leaf and stem rust and loose smut. Lovitt has very good pre-harvest sprouting resistance similar to RL4137. Lovitt is eligible for grades of the Canada Western Red Spring wheat class. Key words: Triticum aestivum L., cultivar description, resistance to leaf and stem rust, dormancy

scholarly journals Differences in Alternative Splicing between Yellow and Black-Seeded Rapeseed

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 977
Author(s):  
Ai Lin ◽  
Jinqi Ma ◽  
Fei Xu ◽  
Wen Xu ◽  
Huanhuan Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Splicing ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Coat Color ◽  
Intron Retention ◽  
Seed Color ◽  
Seed Coat Color ◽  
Flavonoid Pathway ◽  
Transcriptional Regulatory

Yellow seed coat color is a desirable characteristic in rapeseed (Brassica napus), as it is associated with higher oil content and higher quality of meal. Alternative splicing (AS) is a vital post-transcriptional regulatory process contributing to plant cell differentiation and organ development. To identify novel transcripts and differences at the isoform level that are associated with seed color in B. napus, we compared 31 RNA-seq libraries of yellow- and black-seeded B. napus at five different developmental stages. AS events in the different samples were highly similar, and intron retention accounted for a large proportion of the observed AS pattern. AS mainly occurred in the early and middle stage of seed development. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identified 23 co-expression modules composed of differentially spliced genes, and we picked out two of the modules whose functions were highly associated with seed color. In the two modules, we found candidate DAS (differentially alternative splicing) genes related to the flavonoid pathway, such as TT8 (BnaC09g24870D), TT5 (BnaA09g34840D and BnaC08g26020D), TT12 (BnaC06g17050D and BnaA07g18120D), AHA10 (BnaA08g23220D and BnaC08g17280D), CHI (BnaC09g50050D), BAN (BnaA03g60670D) and DFR (BnaC09g17150D). Gene BnaC03g23650D, encoding RNA-binding family protein, was also identified. The splicing of the candidate genes identified in this study might be used to develop stable, yellow-seeded B. napus. This study provides insight into the formation of seed coat color in B. napus.

scholarly journals Inheritance of seed coat color in sesame

2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 290-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hernán Laurentin ◽  
Tonis Benítez
Keyword(s):  
Seed Coat ◽  
Coat Color ◽  
Sesame Seed ◽  
Seed Color ◽  
Seed Coat Color ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Maternal Genotype ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Inheritance Mode ◽  
Brown Color

The objective of this work was to determine the inheritance mode of seed coat color in sesame. Two crosses and their reciprocals were performed: UCLA37 x UCV3 and UCLA90 x UCV3, of which UCLA37 and UCLA90 are white seed, and UCV3 is brown seed. Results of reciprocal crosses within each cross were identical: F1 seeds had the same phenotype as the maternal parent, and F2 resulted in the phenotype brown color. These results are consistent only with the model in which the maternal effect is the responsible for this trait. This model was validated by recording the seed coat color of 100 F2 plants (F3 seeds) from each cross with its reciprocal, in which the 3:1 expected ratio for plants producing brown and white seeds was tested with the chi-square test. Sesame seed color is determined by the maternal genotype. Proposed names for the alleles participating in sesame seed coat color are: Sc1, for brown color; and Sc2, for white color; Sc1 is dominant over Sc2.

scholarly journals Impact of seed color and storage time on the radish seed germination and sprout growth in plasma agriculture

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pankaj Attri ◽  
Kenji Ishikawa ◽  
Takamasa Okumura ◽  
Kazunori Koga ◽  
Masaharu Shiratani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Coat Color ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Seed Color ◽  
Seed Coat Color ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Harvest Year ◽  
Induced Changes

AbstractThe use of low-temperature plasma for the pre-sowing seed treatment is still in the early stage of research; thus, numerous factors affecting germination percentage, seedling growth, and yield remains unknown. This study aimed to estimate how two critical factors, such as harvest year and seed coat color, affect the percentage of germination and seedling growth after plasma treatment. Radish seeds stored for 2 and 1 year after harvesting (harvested in 2017 and 2018) were sorted into two colors (brown and grey) to investigate the plasma effect on harvest year and seed coat color. We analyzed the amounts of seed phytohormones and antioxidant (γ-tocopherol) were analyzed using mass spectrometry, and physical changes were studied using SEM, EDX, and EPR to understand the mechanism of plasma-induced changes in radish seeds. The obtained results revealed that plasma treatment on seeds affects the germination kinetics, and the maximal germination percentage depends on seed color and the time of seed storage after harvest. Through this study, for the first time, we demonstrated that physical and chemical changes in radish seeds after plasma treatment depends upon the seed color and harvest year. Positive effects of plasma treatment on growth are stronger for sprouts from seeds harvested in 2017 than in 2018. The plasma treatment effect on the sprouts germinated from grey seeds effect was stronger than sprouts from brown radish seeds. The amounts of gibberellin A3 and abscisic acid in control seeds strongly depended on the seed color, and plasma induced changes were better in grey seeds harvested in 2017. Therefore, this study reveals that Air scalar-DBD plasma's reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) can efficiently accelerate germination and growth in older seeds.

scholarly journals Grading of Scots Pine Seeds by the Seed Coat Color: How to Optimize the Engineering Parameters of the Mobile Optoelectronic Device

Inventions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Arthur I. Novikov ◽  
Vladimir K. Zolnikov ◽  
Tatyana P. Novikova
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Coat Color ◽  
Optical Beam ◽  
Angle Of Incidence ◽  
Seed Color ◽  
Seed Coat Color ◽  
Separation Degree ◽  
Engineering Parameters ◽  
Forest Seeds

Research Highlights: There is a problem of forest seeds quality assessment and grading afield in minimal costs. The grading quality of each seed coat color class is determined by the degree of its separation with a mobile optoelectronic grader. Background and Objectives: Traditionally, pine seeds are graded in size, but this can lead to a loss of genetic diversity. Seed coat color is individual for each forest seed and is caused to a low error in identifying the genetic features of seedling obtained from it. The principle on which the mobile optoelectronic grader operates is based on the optical signal detection reflected from the single seed. The grader can operate in scientific (spectral band analysis) mode and production (spectral feature grading) mode. When operating in production mode, it is important to determine the optimal engineering parameters of the grader that provide the maximum value of the separation degree of seed-color classes. For this purpose, a run of experiments was conducted on the forest seeds separation using a mobile optoelectronic grader and regression models of the output from factors were obtained. Materials and Methods: Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seed samples were obtained from cones of the 2019 harvest collected in a natural stand. The study is based on the Design of Experiments theory (DOE) using the Microsoft Excel platform. In each of three replications of each run from the experiment matrix, a mixture of 100 seeds of light, dark and light-dark fraction (n = 300) was used. Results: Interpretation of the obtained regression model of seed separation in the visible wavelength range (650–715 nm) shows that the maximum influence on the output—separation degree—is exerted by the angle of incidence of the detecting optical beam. Next in terms of the influence power on the output are paired interactions: combinations of the wavelength with the angle of incidence and the wavelength with the grader’s seed pipe height. The minimum effect on the output is the wavelength of the detecting optical beam. Conclusions: The use of a mobile optoelectronic grader will eliminate the cost of transporting seeds to and from forest seed centers. To achieve a value of 0.97–1.0 separation degree of Scots pine seeds colored fractions, it is necessary to provide the following optimal engineering parameters of the mobile optoelectronic grader: the wavelength of optical radiation is 700 nm, the angle of incidence of the detecting optical beam is 45° and the grader’s seed pipe height is 0.2 m.

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