ETUDE DE L’EFFET DE LA LUZERNE OU DU TREFLE ROUGE ASSOCIE AU BROME OU A LA FLEOLE DES PRES SUR LA PRODUCTION D’HERBAGE AU LAC ST-JEAN

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 929-934 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. DARISSE ◽  
R. DRAPEAU
Keyword(s):  
Binary Mixture ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Pure Stand ◽  
The Third ◽  
N Yield

The authors have evaluated the development and the quality of timothy and bromegrass grown alone and in mixtures with either alfalfa or red clover. Nitrogen-fertilized grasses yielded on the average more dry matter than their mixture counterpart. Either of the grasses with red clover contributed more evenly to yield than with alfalfa. The highest yield of protein was obtained from the association of alfalfa with timothy or bromegrass whereas these grasses were the poorest protein yielders even with 72–90 kg/ha of applied N. Yield contribution of timothy and bromegrass in mixture with either legume increased over the first two harvest years; timothy, however, maintained this trend through the third year while bromegrass reached an equilibrium or decreased. From a roughage quality stand-point a binary mixture of the grasses with alfalfa is the best, followed by the grasses with red clover and finally, the grasses in pure stand.

scholarly journals Use of rapeseed and pea grain protein supplements for organic milk production

1999 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. KHALILI ◽  
E. KUUSELA ◽  
E. SAARISALO
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Protein Supplements ◽  
Rapeseed Cake ◽  
The Third ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Cold Pressed

Grass-red clover silage was fed ad libitum. In experiment 1 a duplicated 4 x 4 Latin square design was used. A mixture of oats and barley was given at 8 kg (C). Three isonitrogenous protein supplements were a commercial rapeseed meal (218 g kg-1 dry matter (DM); RSM), crushed organic field pea (Pisum sativum L.) (452 g kg-1 DM; P) and a mixture of pea (321 g kg-1 DM) and organic rapeseed (Spring turnip rape, Brassica rapa L. oleifera subv. annua) (155 g kg-1 DM; PRS). Cows on P and PRS diets produced as much milk as cows on the RSM diet. Milk yield was higher but protein content lower with PRS diet than with diet P. In experiment 2 a triplicated 3 x 3 Latin square design was used. A mixture of oats (395 g kg-1 ), barley (395 g kg-1 ) and a commercial heat-moisture treated rapeseed cake (210 g kg-1 ) was given at 8 kg (RSC). The second diet (ORSC) consisted (g kg-1) of oats (375), barley (375) and cold-pressed organic rapeseed cake (250). The third diet (RSCO) consisted (g kg-1) of oat (395), barley (395) and commercial heat-moisture treated rapeseed cake (250) and additional rapeseed oil (0.38 kg) to balance fat content between ORSC and RSCO diets. There was no dietary effect on the yield of energy corrected milk. Milk yield was higher with RSCO diet compared with other diets.;

scholarly journals THE YIELD STABILITY AND QUALITY OF LEGUMES DURING TWO CONSECUTIVE, EXTREMELY DRY YEARS

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 167-177
Author(s):  
Miriam Kizeková ◽  
Ján Tomaškin ◽  
Jozef Čunderlík ◽  
Ľubica Jančová ◽  
Janka Martincová
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Herbage Quality

Abstract This study highlights the effect of drought and ambient temperature on performance and herbage quality of legume monocultures and grass-legume mixtures. In a field experiment, the total dry matter yield, seasonal pattern of dry matter yield distribution, content of crude protein and crude fibre of monocultures of red clover and alfalfa and grass-legume mixtures were investigated during two consecutive dry years (2011-2012). Alfalfa cultivars Kamila and Tereza grown as monocultures or as mixtures with Festulolium braunii (cultivar Achilles) outperformed the red clover cultivars Fresko and Veles and provided a well-balanced total and seasonal dry matter yield during both years. Across all experimental years, crude protein content was significantly higher at alfalfa monocultures and mixture when compared with clover monocultures (P < 0.05). However, considerable lower content of crude fibre at clover monocultures in comparison with alfalfa ones was found. Responses of nutritive parameters of both legume species to weather variables were different. Crude protein content in red clover was independent of rainfall and temperature. In contrast, the crude fibre content correlated with temperature whereby the alfalfa monocultures showed stronger correlations (P < 0.05) than red clover monocultures.

Effects of Defoliation on Yield and Forage Quality of Some Tropical Grasses, Legumes and their Mixtures

1982 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Osman ◽  
A. A. Abu Diek
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Protein Production ◽  
Pure Stand ◽  
Rhodes Grass ◽  
Tropical Grasses ◽  
Buffel Grass ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Butterfly Pea

SUMMARYThe performance of three tropical grasses and three legumes (buffel grass, rhodes grass, green panic, butterfly pea, phillipesara and alfalfa), grown in pure stand and in legume–grass mixtures, was evaluated over two seasons when cut monthly at 0, 7 or 14 cm high. Harvesting at 7 cm favoured total dry matter and crude protein production in all cases, with highest yields from butterfly pea grown alone. Buffel grass was the best dry matter producer among grasses in pure stand, while rhodes grass–butterfly pea mixture was the best legume–grass mixture. Forage of these low-protein tropical grasses could be significantly improved by growing them in mixture with legumes.

scholarly journals Estimation of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) forage quality parameters depending on the stage of growth

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 1563-1569
Author(s):  
J. Markovic ◽  
R. Strbanovic ◽  
D. Terzic ◽  
R. Stanisavljevic ◽  
D. Djokic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
The Third ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
Feed Value ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L

The objective of this study was to investigate the changes that take place in nutrient values of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) cv K-27 at different stages of growth in the second and the third cut. The samples from different stages of growth: mid-bud stage, around 60% flowering and full flowering were investigated for crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), digestible dry matter (DDM), dry matter intake (DMI), relative feed value (RFV), total digestible nutrients (TDN), net energy-lactation (NEl), net energy-maintenance (NEm) and net energy-gain (NEg) content. Higher content of crude protein was found in the third cut (262.1 g kg-1 of DM) than in the second cut (260.8 g kg-1 of DM) in the first stage of development. TDN, DDM, DMI, RFV, NEl, NEm and NEg were calculated according to the appropriate equations adapted from common formulas for forages. The stage of plant development has a significant influence on the chemical composition and the relative feed value of red clover. The achieved results show that adequate maturity stage for cutting might be at mid-bloom stage, when crude protein content, NEl, NEm and NEg content are high.

scholarly journals Annual dry matter, metabolisable energy and nitrogen yields of six dryland pastures six and seven years after establishment

2010 ◽  
pp. 177-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mills ◽  
D.J. Moot
Keyword(s):  
White Clover ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Pasture Quality ◽  
N Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Yields ◽  
Metabolisable Energy ◽  
Lincoln University

Dry matter (DM) yields, botanical composition, liveweight production and pasture quality of six grazed dryland pastures established in 2002 at Lincoln University, Canterbury, are reported for Years 6 (2007/08) and 7 (2008/09). Lucerne (Medicago sativa) yielded 14.0 t DM/ha/yr and sheep liveweight (LW) production totalled 903 (2007/08) and 1 141 kg/ha/yr (2008/09). Metabolisable energy (ME) on offer (~134 GJ/ha/yr) and N yield (>500 kg/ha/yr) from the lucerne exceeded those of grass-based pastures. Yields (9.8- 11.2 t DM/ha/yr) and liveweight production (814-912 kg/ha/yr) from cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata) pastures established with subterranean (Trifolium subterraneum) clover were greater than all other grass-based pastures. Annual ME was 79-96 GJ/ha and N yield was 269- 316 kg/ha from the cocksfoot, subterranean clover and volunteer white clover (T. repens) components. For Year 7, the contribution of unsown weeds and grasses in cocksfoot-based pastures was ~28% of total annual yield compared with 55% in ryegrass (Lolium perenne)/ white clover pastures. Consequently, the ME and N yields from sown pasture components in ryegrass/white clover pastures were lower than those from cocksfootbased pastures. These results indicate dryland farms with lucerne and/or cocksfoot/sub clover pastures can produce higher DM yields from more persistent pasture species. Persistence led to more ME and N on offer to grazing livestock, which resulted in higher liveweight production than from the ryegrass pastures. Keywords: balansa clover, Caucasian clover, growth rates, pasture quality, T. ambiguum, T. michelianum

scholarly journals CASE STUDY INFORMATION REFLECTING FARMER USE OF PAWERA RED CLOVER IN NORTHERN NORTHLAND

1986 ◽  
pp. 179-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gavin Ussher
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
First Year ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Potential Problems ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Very High

Low summer production in Northern Northland can be largely overcome by the use of 'Grasslands Pawera' red clover. Daily dry matter production of 100+ kg/ha/day over the penod late October to early March, have been recorded over two years. Yearly production of 22,OOOkg DM/ha in the first year, and 17,500 to 21,000 in the second year, have been recorded from pure stands of Pawera. This growth is of very high quality occurring at a tlmc when growth and quality of existing Rye or Kikuyu based pastures, are low. Potential problems from the use of Pawera are discussed. Keywords: Pawera red clover, quality, Northland, problems.

scholarly journals HERBAGE PRODUCTION OF PASTURE LEGUMES AT THREE SITES IN OTAGO

1975 ◽  
pp. 182-195
Author(s):  
R.B. Allen ◽  
I.R. Mcdonald ◽  
N.A. Cullen
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
The Third ◽  
Pasture Legumes ◽  
Matter Production

White clover (Trifolium repens), red clover (T. pratense), subtcrrnnean clover (T. subterraneum) and alsike clover (T. hybridum) were sown singly or in combinations at three sites in Otago. Ryegrass (Lolium perenne) was included in all clover treatments and was also sown alone. Lucerne (Medicago sativa) was sown alone at two sites. Herbage dry matter production was measured over a three-year period. At the high fertility lnvermay site, white and red clovers gave similar total and legume dry matter production and were markedly superior to alsike and subterranean clovers. White and nlsike clovers were most productive at the higher altitude, low fertility Berwick site, and at the dry, medium fertility Dunback site red clover produced the highest yields. Lucerne greatly outyielded all other species in the second and third years at Invermay and in the third year at Dunback.

scholarly journals Yields and Quality of Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) and Common Vetch (Vicia sativa) Grown in Monocultures and Mixed Cultures under Irrigated Conditions in the Highlands of Madagascar

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volatsara B. Rahetlah ◽  
Jean M. Randrianaivoarivony ◽  
Blandine Andrianarisoa ◽  
Lucile H. Razafimpamoa ◽  
Vololoniaina L. Ramalanjaona
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Pure Stand ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Common Vetch ◽  
Land Equivalent Ratio ◽  
Yield And Quality

<p>A field experiment was conducted under irrigated conditions in the highlands of Madagascar to assess the potential of intercropping Italian ryegrass with common vetch for improving yield and quality of forage. Seed proportions studied were ryegrass-vetch 100:0; 0:100; 50:33; 50:50; 50:66; 75:33 and 75:66. Mixtures were sown in alternate rows and the sowing rates of pure stands of ryegrass and vetch were 20 and 60 kg per hectare, respectively. The results showed that all mixtures achieved yield advantage over pure stands with the highest land equivalent ratio value for dry matter yield obtained from the mixture of 75:66 (1.47) followed by 50:50 (1.35). Slight increase of crude protein content and protein digested in the small intestine when rumen-fermentable nitrogen is limiting (PDIN) content were obtained from mixtures compared with pure stand of ryegrass. Vetch rate in dry matter yield of mixtures increased with the increase of vetch seed proportion and ranged from 31 to 44%. Agressivity and competitive ratio indices showed that ryegrass was slightly competitive than vetch. Intercropping Italian ryegrass with common vetch at the seed proportions of 75:66 or 50:50 could be a more sustainable alternative cropping to alleviate dry season feed shortages of dairy livestock in the highlands of Madagascar.</p>

scholarly journals Effects of Adding Pre-Fermented Fluid Prepared from Red Clover or Lucerne on Fermentation Quality and in Vitro Digestibility of Red Clover and Lucerne Silages

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 454
Author(s):  
Lin Sun ◽  
Yun Jiang ◽  
Qinyin Ling ◽  
Na Na ◽  
Haiwen Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Fermentation Quality ◽  
Fermentation Parameters ◽  
Positive Effect

This study examined the effects of chopping or chopping + blender maceration of red clover or lucerne on pre-fermented juice (PFJ) and determined the effects of PFJs on the quality of red clover silage or lucerne silage. The PFJs from chopping red clover (PFJ-RC) or lucerne (PFJ-LC) had a higher lactic acid bacteria (LAB) count than that from chopping + blender maceration (p < 0.05) and were used as additives. Compared with the Control of both silages, adding PFJ increased LAB, lactic acid (LA), and in vitro digestibility of dry matter (IVDMD) (p < 0.05), while pH, acetic acid (AA), and ammonia nitrogen/total nitrogen (NH3-N/TN) were decreased (p < 0.05). For red clover silages, the PFJ-RC treatment contained the greatest LAB and LA and the lowest pH and NH3-N/TN among treatments (p < 0.05); similar results were observed in PFJ-LC treatment for lucerne silages (p < 0.05). The IVDMD of both silages correlated negatively with pH, AA, and NH3-N/TN and positively with LA (p < 0.05). Overall, chopping alone was a better method for preparing PFJ. Adding PFJ at ensiling increased LA and decreased the pH, AA, and NH3-N/TN of both silages. Ensiling lucerne or red clover with PFJ from the ensiling material had a more positive effect on the fermentation parameters mentioned above. Satisfactory fermentation parameters detected in the present study contributed to improving the IVDMD of both silages.

Effect of the proportion of Species on the Yield and Quality of Forage Mixtures, and on the Yield of Barley in the Following Year

1986 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Osman ◽  
N. Nersoyan
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Pure Stand ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Herbage Quality ◽  
Forage Mixtures

SUMMARYMixtures of legumes and cereals in various proportions (seed ratios) were evaluated in Northern Syria for forage production and quality and for yield of barley grain in the following year. Both a vetch-cereal and pea-cereal mix were tested in proportions of 0:100, 33:66, 50:50, 66:33 and 100:0. The study was carried out between 1982 and 1985, covering two seasons for forage production and two for grain production. Dry matter yields of the mixtures exceeded the yield of either one or both components of the mixture grown as pure stands, depending on the rainfall. The maximum overall yield and quality of forage was recorded for the 66:33 legume-cereal combination. The greatest benefit to subsequent barley grain yield was realized when the legume was grown in a pure stand or formed a high proportion (66:33) of the mixture. Herbage quality was better in forages containing vetch than in those containing pea.

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