EVALUATION OF BABY CARROT CULTIVARS AND THEIR GROWTH PATTERNS IN SOUTHWESTERN ONTARIO

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 911-915
Author(s):  
A. LIPTAY ◽  
J. K. MUEHMER
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Longitudinal Growth ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Radial Growth Rate ◽  
Agronomic Characters ◽  
The Third

In the assessment of baby carrot cultivars for various agronomic characters, three patterns of growth were observed in various carrot cultivars. Carrots of the first growth pattern had a rapid longitudinal rate of extension relative to their radial growth rate. These roots outgrew the baby carrot length earlier than other cultivars. In the second type of growth, radial extension was rapid relative to longitudinal growth and consequently these carrots became too thick before achieving sufficient length. Carrots from cultivars with the third pattern of growth had a desirable longitudinal rate of extension relative to radial growth. It was furthermore observed that under very wet soil conditions longitudinal growth was inhibited more than radial growth.

scholarly journals A universal growth limit for circular lichens

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (143) ◽  
pp. 20180063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnese Seminara ◽  
Joerg Fritz ◽  
Michael P. Brenner ◽  
Anne Pringle
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Radial Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Limit ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Circular Disks ◽  
Lichen Growth

Lichens fix carbon dioxide from the air to build biomass. Crustose and foliose lichens grow as nearly flat, circular disks. Smaller individuals grow slowly, but with small, steady increases in radial growth rate over time. Larger individuals grow more quickly and with a roughly constant radial velocity maintained over the lifetime of the lichen. We translate the coffee drop effect to model lichen growth and demonstrate that growth patterns follow directly from the diffusion of carbon dioxide in the air around a lichen. When a lichen is small, carbon dioxide is fixed across its surface, and the entire thallus contributes to radial growth, but when a lichen is larger carbon dioxide is disproportionately fixed at the edges of an individual, which are the primary drivers of growth. Tests of the model against data suggest it provides an accurate, robust, and universal framework for understanding the growth dynamics of both large and small lichens in nature.

 The Effect of a Pine Looper Moth Outbreak on the Radial Growth Rate of Pine

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 754-760
Author(s):  
V. G. Soukhovolsky ◽  
P. A. Krasnoperova ◽  
E. N. Pal’nikova ◽  
I. V. Sviderskaya ◽  
O. V. Tarasova
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Radial Growth Rate

GrowFruit: An IoT based Radial Growth Rate Monitoring Device for Fruit

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Anirbit Sengupta ◽  
Anwesha Mukherjee ◽  
Abhijit Das ◽  
Debashis De
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Monitoring Device ◽  
Radial Growth Rate

CRABS CLAW and SPATULA, two Arabidopsis genes that control carpel development in parallel with AGAMOUS

Development ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 126 (11) ◽  
pp. 2377-2386 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Alvarez ◽  
D.R. Smyth
Keyword(s):  
Radial Growth ◽  
Genetic Evidence ◽  
Longitudinal Growth ◽  
Transmitting Tract ◽  
The Third ◽  
Organ Identity ◽  
Carpel Development ◽  
Carpel Wall

To help understand the process of carpel morphogenesis, the roles of three carpel development genes have been partitioned genetically. Mutants of CRABS CLAW cause the gynoecium to develop into a wider but shorter structure, and the two carpels are unfused at the apex. Mutants of a second gene, SPATULA, show reduced growth of the style, stigma, and septum, and the transmitting tract is absent. Double mutants of crabs claw and spatula with homeotic mutants that develop ectopic carpels demonstrate that CRABS CLAW and SPATULA are necessary for, and inseparable from, carpel development, and that their action is negatively regulated by A and B organ identity genes. The third carpel gene studied, AGAMOUS, encodes C function that has been proposed to fully specify carpel identity. When AGAMOUS function is removed together with the A class gene APETALA2, however, the organs retain many carpelloid properties, suggesting that other genes are also involved. We show here that further mutant disruption of both CRABS CLAW and SPATULA function removes remaining carpelloid properties, revealing that the three genes together are necessary to generate the mature gynoecium. In particular, AGAMOUS is required to specify the identity of the carpel wall and to promote the stylar outgrowth at the apex, CRABS CLAW suppresses radial growth of the developing gynoecium but promotes its longitudinal growth, and SPATULA supports development of the carpel margins and tissues derived from them. The three genes mostly act independently, although there is genetic evidence that CRABS CLAW enhances AGAMOUS and SPATULA function.

scholarly journals Radial Growth Patterns Associated with Tree Mortality in Nothofagus pumilio Forest

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milagros Rodríguez-Catón ◽  
Ricardo Villalba ◽  
Ana Srur ◽  
A. Park Williams
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Forest Dynamics ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Tree Mortality ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Nothofagus Pumilio ◽  
Total Size ◽  
Growth Trends

Tree mortality is a key process in forest dynamics. Despite decades of effort to understand this process, many uncertainties remain. South American broadleaf species are particularly under-represented in global studies on mortality and forest dynamics. We sampled monospecific broadleaf Nothofagus pumilio forests in northern Patagonia to predict tree mortality based on stem growth. Live or dead conditions in N. pumilio trees can be predicted with high accuracy using growth rate as an explanatory variable in logistic models. In Paso Córdova (CO), Argentina, where the models were calibrated, the probability of death was a strong negative function of radial growth, particularly during the six years prior to death. In addition, negative growth trends during 30 to 45 years prior to death increased the accuracy of the models. The CO site was affected by an extreme drought during the summer 1978–1979, triggering negative trends in radial growth of many trees. Individuals showing below-average and persistent negative trends in radial growth are more likely to die than those showing high growth rates and positive growth trends in recent decades, indicating the key role of droughts in inducing mortality. The models calibrated at the CO site showed high verification skill by accurately predicting tree mortality at two independent sites 76 and 141 km away. Models based on relative growth rates showed the highest and most balanced accuracy for both live and dead individuals. Thus, the death of individuals across different N. pumilio sites was largely determined by the growth rate relative to the total size of the individuals. Our findings highlight episodic severe drought as a triggering mechanism for growth decline and eventual death for N. pumilio, similar to results found previously for several other species around the globe. In the coming decades, many forests globally will be exposed to more frequent and/or severe episodes of reduced warm-season soil moisture. Tree-ring studies such as this one can aid prediction of future changes in forest productivity, mortality, and composition.

Continuous radial growth rate monitoring of horticultural crops using an optical mouse

2019 ◽  
Vol 297 ◽  
pp. 111526
Author(s):  
Subir Das ◽  
Shikha Nayak ◽  
Badal Chakraborty ◽  
Sabyasachi Mitra
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Radial Growth Rate ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Optical Mouse

Average radial growth rate and chlamydospore production of Ceratocystis minor, Ceratocystis minor var. barrasii, and SJB 122 in culture

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (12) ◽  
pp. 3498-3505 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S. Goldhammer ◽  
Frederick M. Stephen ◽  
Timothy D. Paine
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Dendroctonus Frontalis ◽  
Radial Growth Rate ◽  
Acid Media ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Ceratocystis Minor

Two symbiotic fungi (SJB 122, an unidentified basidiomycete, and Ceratocystis minor (Hedgecock) Hunt variety barrasii Taylor) and one pathogenic phoretic fungus (C. minor (Hedgecock) Hunt variety minor) of the southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann, were inoculated onto six different concentrations of D. frontalis frass, loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) phloem, and uric acid media to observe radial growth rates and chlamydospore production. The average radial growth rate per day of C. minor var. barrasii increased significantly from the control on all three media, but growth was faster at increased concentrations of added phloem compared with the other supplemented media. Significant increases in chlamydospores produced by C. minor var. barrasii from the control occurred only on frass media, with more chlamydospores being produced at higher concentrations. The average radial growth rate per day of SJB 122 fungus increased significantly from the control on only one concentration of phloem and two concentrations of uric acid, but decreased significantly on low concentrations of frass media. SJB 122 chlamydospore production increased with increasing concentration on frass, was not different from the control on phloem, and increased significantly at intermediate concentrations on uric acid. Ceratocystis minor var. minor average radial growth rate per day increased with increasing concentration on both frass and phloem media but on uric acid decreased significantly at higher concentrations, following an initial signficant increase as compared with the controls.

scholarly journals Individual growth pattern and variability in Serranus scriba: a Bayesian analysis

2009 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 502-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josep Alós ◽  
Miquel Palmer ◽  
Salvador Balle ◽  
Antoni Maria Grau ◽  
Beatriz Morales-Nin
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Bayesian Analysis ◽  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Individual Growth ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Population Dynamics Models ◽  
Dynamics Models

Abstract Alós, J., Palmer, M., Balle, S., Grau, A. M., and Morales-Nin, B. 2010. Individual growth pattern and variability in Serranus scriba: a Bayesian analysis. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 502–512. Variability in growth patterns at an individual level in Serranus scriba is described using a Bayesian approach for a generalized von Bertalanffy growth model that accommodates one change in growth rate at a specific point during the lifespan. The approach enables individual growth curves to be inferred, even in a species with a relatively short lifespan and no commercial value, i.e. limited sample sizes available, but potentially endangered by recreational fishing. The change in growth rate may be the result of differing allocation of energy between reproductive and somatic activities at different ages. Overall, the approach presented provides adequate input for future implementation of population dynamics models that take into account individual variability, e.g. individual-based models, even for species for which limited data are available.

The Time Cone method for Nucleation and Growth Kinetics on a Finite Domain

1995 ◽  
Vol 398 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Cahn
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Finite Domain ◽  
Radial Growth Rate ◽  
Transformation Kinetics ◽  
Statistical Solution ◽  
Closed Form Solutions ◽  
Growth Reaction

ABSTRACTThe Kolmogorov-Johnson-Mehl-Avrami theory is an exact statistical solution for the expected fraction transformed in a nucleation and growth reaction in an infinite specimen, when nucleation is random in the untransformed volume and the radial growth rate after nucleation is constant until impingement. Many of these restrictive assumptions are introduced to facilitate the use of statistics. The introduction of “phantom nuclei” and “extended volumes” are constructs that permit exact estimates of the fraction transformed. An alternative, the time cone method, is presented that does not make use of either of these constructs. The method permits obtaining exact closed form solutions for any specimen that is convex in time and space, and for nucleation rates and growth rates that are both time and position dependent. Certain types of growth anisotropies can be included. The expected fraction transformed is position and time dependent. Expressions for transformation kinetics in simple specimen geometries such as plates and growing films are given, and are shown to reduce to expected formulas in certain limits.

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