EVALUATION OF FUNGICIDES FOR CONTROL OF ALBUGO CANDIDA IN TURNIP RAPE

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 423-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. DUECK ◽  
J. R. STONE
Keyword(s):  
Field Test ◽  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Apparent Effect ◽  
Turnip Rape ◽  
Albugo Candida ◽  
Growth Room

Two applications of the protectant fungicides, Bravo, Manzate 200 and DPX 164 reduced foliar infection of turnip rape (Brassica campestris) by Albugo Candida. However, the fungicides had no apparent effect on staghead formation, the systemic phase of the disease. The acylalanine fungicides CGA 29212 and CGA 48988 showed excellent eradicant activity against foliar infection in growth room tests. In a field test, CGA 29212 significantly reduced the number of stagheads. CGA 38140 showed no activity against A. Candida on turnip rape.

EFFECT OF SEED INFESTATION AND FLOWER BUD INOCULATION ON SYSTEMIC INFECTION OF TURNIP RAPE BY ALBUGO CANDIDA

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 267-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. VERMA ◽  
G. A. PETRIE
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Turnip Rape ◽  
Albugo Candida ◽  
Growth Room ◽  
Field Plots ◽  
Seed Infestation

Oospores of (Albugo candida race 7 mixed with seeds of turnip rape (Brassica campestris L. ’Torch’) prior to sowing resulted in a significant increase over the control in both locally (foliar) and systemically-infected plants in field plots, demonstrating the potential importance of seed infestation in initiating the disease. In growth room studies, inoculation of flower buds with zoospores resulted in a 10-fold increase, over cotyledon and leaf inoculations, in the number of stagheads on turnip rape. Over 55% of the flower-bud-inoculated plants produced stagheads. Results suggest that flower bud infection is probably a major source of systemic infection of individual branches. Stagheads may also result from systemic infection beginning at the seedling stage.

EFFECTIVENESS OF ISOLATION DISTANCE IN TURNIP RAPE

1978 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. STRINGAM ◽  
R. K. DOWNEY
Keyword(s):  
Certified Seed ◽  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Border Effects ◽  
Turnip Rape ◽  
Contaminant Source ◽  
Isolation Distance ◽  
Spatial Isolation ◽  
Isolation Requirements ◽  
Isolation Distances ◽  
Contamination Levels

Isolation distances for turnip rape (Brassica campestris L.) were studied using the recessive genetic marker yg-7. Average contamination levels from six tests over 2 yr were 8.5, 5.8, and 3.7% at isolation distances of 46, 137, and 366 m, respectively. The 46- and 137-m distances were judged to be inadequate, and even the 366-m distance showed greater contamination levels than desirable. No significant border effects were observed and there were no detectable differences in contamination attributable to directional orientation of the isolation blocks with the contaminant source. The data suggest that the 50- and 100-m isolation requirements in Canada for Certified seed production of turnip rape be re-examined and that border removal in lieu of spatial isolation be seriously questioned.

Seed yield of successive synthetic generations in summer turnip rape

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. Falk ◽  
D. L. Woods
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Relative Order ◽  
Turnip Rape ◽  
Cultivar Groups ◽  
Rapeseed Cultivar ◽  
Canola Quality

One Canadian turnip rapeseed cultivar and four canola-quality strains were used as parents to create 10 two-parent synthetics to assess the performance of successive synthetic generations and determine whether the planting of the Syn0 generation is an alternative to either the Syn1 generation or a single parental planting in summer turnip rape. Parents, as a group, yielded significantly less than Syn0s, Syn1s and Syn2s. The relative order of cultivar groups was consistent over environments (i.e., Syn1 ≥ Syn2 ≥ Syn0 ≥ parents). Key words: Turnip rape (summer), synthetic, Brassica rapa, Brassica campestris

SOME EFFECTS OF NITRATE ON SOYBEAN ROOT DEVELOPMENT

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 505-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. STONE ◽  
B. R. BUTTERY
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nodule Development ◽  
Root Extension ◽  
Morphological Aspects ◽  
Growth Room ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Top Dry Weight

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of nitrate on some morphological aspects of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) root growth and to determine the role of drainage in the response. Two indeterminate soybean cultivars were grown on 0, 10 and 40% mixtures of perlite and Brookston clay loam, supplied with Bradyrhizobium japonicum strain USDA 110, and watered with nutrient solutions containing 0 or 6 mM nitrate. Plants were grown in acrylic tubes until 21 and 53 d after emergence in corresponding field and growth room experiments, respectively. Response variables measured were the rate of taproot extension, root counts at the acrylic-soil interface, and top, root, and nodule dry weight. Nitrate suppressed nodule development and increased top dry weight but had no effect on the rate of taproot extension. Nitrate increased root counts and root dry weights in the field test, but decreased root counts in the growth room test. Top:root ratio was increased in the growth room but not in the field test. Increasing the proportion of perlite generally increased rates of root extension, root counts, and top dry weights in the field and growth room experiments. However, the soil mixture had no effect on nodule dry weight at either location, or on root dry weight in the growth room.Key words: Root extension, Glycine max, indeterminate, drainage

Translocation and Metabolism of Benazolin in Wild Mustard and Rape Species

Weed Science ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Schafer ◽  
E. H. Stobbe
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Root Exudation ◽  
Turnip Rape ◽  
Stem Apex ◽  
Wild Mustard ◽  
Xylem Transport ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Brassica Kaber ◽  
Ylacetic Acid ◽  
Root Treatment

The fate of 4-chloro-2-oxobenzothiazolin-3-ylacetic acid (benazolin) in wild mustard [Brassica kaber(DC.) L.C. Wheeler var.pinnatifida(Stokes) L.C. Wheeler], turnip rape (Brassica campestrisL. ‘Echo’), and rape (Brassica napusL. ‘Target’) was investigated with the aid of14C-benazolin. The label was more mobile in wild mustard than the rape species following leaf treatment and accumulated in young leaves, stem, and stem apex. The label was also found in foliage after root treatment. In both cases, the translocated label was primarily that of14C-benazolin, implying phloem and xylem transport. The susceptibility of wild mustard and tolerance of the rape species to foliar-applied benazolin can be partly explained by different rates of transport to susceptible meristematic sites. Root exudation of the label following leaf treatment was greater in wild mustard than in the rape species and was not correlated with selectivity. Labeled benazolin was rapidly metabolized by theBrassicaspecies to four derivatives which appear to be less toxic than benazolin. Specific differences in metabolism were not sufficient to explain selectivity. Negligible amounts of14CO2were released by the three species following treatment with14C-benazolin.

A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF LEAF CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE, HILL REACTION ACTIVITY AND 14C-ATRAZINE TRACER STUDIES TO EXPLAIN DIFFERENTIAL ATRAZINE SUSCEPTIBILITY IN WILD TURNIP RAPE (Brassica campestris) BIOTYPES

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 707-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. ALI ◽  
V. SOUZA MACHADO
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Hill Reaction ◽  
Turnip Rape ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
The Hill ◽  
Hill Reaction Activity

Leaf chlorophyll fluorescence in susceptible B. campestris L. plants was greatly enhanced and the Hill reaction activity of isolated chloroplasts was inhibited by 10−4 M atrazine. The herbicide did not produce similar responses in resistant plants. 14C-atrazine was used to determine if, in addition, there were differences in uptake, translocation, and metabolism of the herbicide by the susceptible and resistant biotypes. The 14C-atrazine in nutrient solution was readily taken up by the roots of both biotypes and was rapidly translocated to the shoot. The 14C-atrazine was quickly metabolized and after a 24-h period 56 and 63% of the extractable radioactivity in susceptible and resistant plants, respectively, was present as metabolites, the major one being 2-hydroxyatrazine. Following a foliar application, less than 1% of the applied radioactivity moved into other parts of the plant. These results clearly show that triazine resistance in wild turnip rape is based in the chloroplast and that uptake, translocation, and metabolism of the herbicide play no decisive role in selectivity between the susceptible and resistant biotypes.Key words: Atrazine selectivity, Brassica campestris, chlorophyll fluorescence, Hill reaction, atrazine metabolism.

SINGLE GENE CONTROL OF SEED COLOR AND HYPOCOTYL COLOR IN TURNIP RAPE

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. HAWK
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Early Flowering ◽  
Pigment Production ◽  
Gene Control ◽  
Seed Color ◽  
Single Recessive Gene ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Turnip Rape

The association between hypocotyl color and seed color in turnip rape (Brassica campestris L.) was investigated in crosses of a green hypocotyl, yellow-seeded stock with an early flowering wild-type stock and the Torch cultivar. A complete association was noted between seed color and hypocotyl color. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that a single recessive gene may block pigment production in both hypocotyl and seed. The relevance of this information for breeding yellow-seeded turnip rape cultivars is discussed.

The pollination requirements of swede rape (Brassica napus L.) and of turnip rape (Brassica campestris L.)

1978 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid H. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Turnip Rape

SUMMARYThe pollination requirements of eight cultivars of swede rape (Brassica napus) and two of turnip rape (Brassica campestris) grown in a glasshouse, were compared. Cultivars differed in the number of pods, and of seeds per pod set by auto-pollination. Cultivars of turnip rape yielded more when cross-pollinated than when self-pollinated by hand but those of swede rape did not, although additional pollination of swede rape increased the set of early flowers. Inadequate pollination probably limits yield in self-fertile cultivars of swede rape that auto-pollinate poorly and in turnip rape cultivars that are nearly self-sterile.

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