AXILLARY SHOOT STIMULATION AND PLANT DEVELOPMENT OF COLEUS TREATED WITH CERTAIN PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS

1978 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 971-976 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. KHOSH-KHUI ◽  
I. ROUHANI ◽  
B. SHAYBANY
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Indoleacetic Acid ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
The Other ◽  
Axillary Shoot ◽  
Coleus Blumei ◽  
Number Of Branches

N6-benzyladenine (BA), indoleacetic acid (IAA) and 2-choroethylphosphonic acid (ethephon) were applied to pinched and non-pinched plants of four cultivars of coleus (Coleus blumei Benth). All growth regulators increased the number of branches of treated plants, with 800 ppm BA having the most prominent effect. Ethephon treatments dwarfed the plants and decreased leaf size, while BA and IAA enhanced these characters. Plants treated with ethephon developed more leaves in most of the cultivars, as compared with the other two growth regulators. BA-treated plants had lower, and IAA-treated plants had higher, shoot fresh and dry weights than controls.

Somatic Embryogenesis and Plant Development in Eight Cultivars of Pecan

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 573-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.E. Yates ◽  
C.C. Reilly
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Fruit Development ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Carya Illinoensis ◽  
Appreciable Variation

The influence of stage of fruit development and plant growth regulators on somatic embryogenesis and the relation of cultivar response on somatic embryogenesis and subsequent plant development have been investigated in eight cultivars of pecan [Carya illinoensis (Wangenh.) C. Koch]. Explants from the micropylar region of the ovule were more embryogenic when removed from fruits in the liquid endosperm stage than were intact ovules from less-mature fruits or from cotyledonary segments of more-mature fruits. Explants conditioned on medium containing auxin alone or auxin + cytokinin produced more somatic embryos than medium containing cytokinin alone. Under the conditions of this study, frequency of embryogenesis, as well as the germination of somatic embryos leading to plant development, indicated appreciable variation among cultivars. Plant development was greatest by far from somatic embryos of `Schley' than other cultivars studied.

scholarly journals Application of Plant Extracts in Micropropagation and Cryopreservation of Bleeding Heart: An Ornamental-Medicinal Plant Species

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 542
Author(s):  
Dariusz Kulus ◽  
Natalia Miler
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
The Other ◽  
White Gold ◽  
Natural Extracts ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Impact

Lamprocapnos spectabilis (L.) Fukuhara (bleeding heart) is valued both in the horticultural and pharmaceutical markets. Despite its great popularity, information on the in vitro tissue culture technology in this species is limited. There is also little knowledge on the application of plant extracts in the tissue culture systems of plants other than orchids. The aim of this study is to compare the utility of traditional plant growth regulators (PGRs) and natural extracts—obtained from the coconut shreds, as well as oat, rice, and sesame seeds—in the micropropagation and cryopreservation of L. spectabilis ‘Gold Heart’ and ‘White Gold’. The biochemical analysis of extracts composition is also included. In the first experiment related to micropropagation via axillary buds activation, the single-node explants were cultured for a 10-week-long propagation cycle in the modified Murashige and Skoog medium fortified either with 1.11 µM benzyladenine (BA) and 1.23 µM indole-3-butritic acid (IBA) or with 10% (v/v) plant extracts. A PGRs- and extract-free control was also considered. In the cryopreservation experiment, the same 10% (v/v) extracts were added into the medium during a seven-day preculture in the encapsulation-vitrification cryopreservation protocol. It was found that the impact of natural additives was cultivar- and trait-specific. In the first experiment, the addition of coconut extract favoured the proliferation of shoots and propagation ratio in bleeding heart ‘Gold Heart’. Rice extract, on the other hand, promoted callus formation in ‘White Gold’ cultivar and was more effective in increasing the propagation ratio in this cultivar than the conventional plant growth regulators (4.1 and 2.6, respectively). Sesame extract suppressed the development of the explants in both cultivars analysed, probably due to the high content of polyphenols. As for the second experiment, the addition of plant extracts into the preculture medium did not increase the survival level of the cryopreserved shoot tips (sesame and oat extracts even decreased this parameter). On the other hand, coconut extract, abundant in simple sugars and endogenous cytokinins, stimulated a more intensive proliferation and growth of shoots after rewarming of samples. Analysing the synergistic effect of conventional plant growth regulators and natural extracts should be considered in future studies related to L. spectabilis.

scholarly journals Micropropagation of cloudberry (Rubus chamaemorus L.) by initiation of axillary shoots

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Thiem
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Axillary Shoot ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Axillary Shoots ◽  
Rubus Chamaemorus ◽  
Step Procedure

A method for micropropagation of the endangered <em>Rubus chamaemorus</em> L. (<em>Rosaceae</em>) from shoot tips was developed. Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with BA and IBA in different concentrations was used for axillary shoot development. The most effective was MS medium containing 0.88 µM BA and 0.49 µM IBA with value of pH = 4.0. Cultures of microshoots (up to 12 shoots from a single explant) developed into regular shoots on the same medium or after transferring them onto MS media with 0.44 µM BA, 0.49 µM IBA and 434 µM SA. The rooting of initiated axillary shoots proved extremely difficult. A two-step procedure for root induction was adopted. Auxin- treated shoots were put to medium devoid of plant growth regulators. Rooted shoots were then transferred to pots and grown in the greenhouse until planted in the ground of the Botanical Garden.

scholarly journals Abscisin II and , some. Hormone-Regulated Plant Responses

1967 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 869 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Aspinall ◽  
LG Paleg ◽  
FT Addicott
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
The Other ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Acid Gas ◽  
Radicle Elongation ◽  
Other Hand

The aotivity of (�)-absoisin II' [(�)AbII] and its interaction with a number of plant growth regulators in the oontrol of lettuce germination, lettuoe hypoootyl and radiole elongation, ououmber seedling growth, radish lea ( senesoenoe, and barley vernalization were examined. The interac.tions between (� )AbII and th�;l promoting h~rmones were of two general types. In gibberellio acid (GAs)-promoted lettuoe germination and kinetin-oontrolled leaf senesoenoe, the effeots of low ooncentrations of ( � )-!\bII were oompletely overoome by high oonoentratioileof the other substanoe. In .the second type of interaction, (� )AbII was inhibitory only in the presenoe of high oonoentrations of the promoter (kinetin in lettuce germinatipn and allogibberio acid in lettuoe radicle elongation). Cuoumber radiole elongation, on the other hand, was promoted by (� )AbII in the presenoe of a mixture of GA4 and GA7.

scholarly journals NITROGUANIDINES, A NEW FAMILY OF PGRs, INHIBIT SENESCENCE OF LEAVES AND VEGETABLES

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1133d-1133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander D. Pavlista
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Tobacco Leaves ◽  
New Family ◽  
Swiss Chard

Nitroguanidines are a new family of synthetic plant growth regulators (Speltz, Walworth, and Pavlista 1986. US Patent #4, 594, 092) These compounds have cytokinin-like activity such as delaying senescence. Three compounds are AC239, 604, AC243, 419 and AC132, 654 The first two are phenyl and the latter is a benzyl nitroguanidine. Examples of anti-senescence activity of these compounds are: 1. sunflower leaves, 2. tobacco leaves, 3. leafy lettuce, 4. kale, 5. collards, and 6. Swiss chard. The senescence of cut ornamental flowers is also inhibited. Examples are gladiolus and daffodils. Along with delaying senescence, AC239, 604, for example, increased leaf size, thereby, increasing yield of leaf crops such as tobacco (Pavlista and Templeton. 1987. PGRSA Proc.) and lettuce.

scholarly journals Influencing Stock Production of Mojave Sage and Cape Daisy with the Application of Plant Growth Regulators

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Sean J. Markovic ◽  
James E. Klett
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Index ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Stock Plant ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Vegetative Cuttings

This study aimed to assess the effects of plant growth regulators (PGRs) on stock plant production of mojave sage (Salvia pachyphylla) and ‘Avalanche’ cape daisy (Osteospermum hybrid) that received foliar sprays of the following three PGRs: 200 and 400 ppm ethephon; 250 and 500 ppm benzyladenine; and 50 and 100 ppm gibberellic acid 4 and 7 (GA4+7) plus benzyladenine. Vegetative growth [height and width growth index (GI)], the number of vegetative cuttings, and fresh weight (FW) and dry weight (DW) of the harvested vegetative cuttings data were collected. A propagation study was conducted concurrently to determine the effects of the PGR treatments on rooting vegetative cuttings. GA4+7 plus benzyladenine (50 and 100 ppm) increased the production of both mojave sage and ‘Avalanche’ cape daisy cuttings by ≥18% more than the other treatments. The GI, FW, and DW results showed similar trends across experiments 1 and 2 for each perennial. In the propagation study, the rooting percentage did not differ after 4 weeks, indicating that the use of GA4+7 plus benzyladenine in production protocols could benefit producers of both perennials.

scholarly journals Foliar Applications of Plant Growth Regulators Affect Stem Elongation and Branching of 11 Kalanchoe Species

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 338-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Currey ◽  
John E. Erwin
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Chlormequat Chloride ◽  
Branch Number ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Number Of Branches

Our objectives were to assess the efficacy of various plant growth regulators (PGRs) on stem elongation and branching of 11 kalanchoe (Kalanchoe) species with ornamental characteristics: beauvard’s widow’s-thrill (K. beauvardii), K. glaucescens, lavender scallops or red-leaved kalanchoe (K. fedtschenkoi), K. longiflora, chandelier plant (K. manginii), marnier’s kalanchoe (K. marnieriana), K. millotii, flower dust plant (K. pumila), K. rosei, common kalanchoe or nentabos (K. rotundifolia), and K. streptantha. Foliar spray applications of deionized water, ancymidol (15−60 ppm), benzyladenine (75−300 ppm), chlormequat chloride (750−3000 ppm), daminozide (1250−5000 ppm), ethephon (250−1000 ppm), paclobutrazol (10−40 ppm), or uniconazole (5−20 ppm) were applied 2 weeks after plants were pinched. Stem length at the time of application and 4 weeks after applications and branch number were recorded. While effective chemicals and concentrations varied widely among species, paclobutrazol and uniconazole were identified as providing broad efficacy with respect to inhibition of stem elongation across all 11 species in this study. Additionally, benzyladenine and ethephon increased the number of branches for several species.

scholarly journals Quantitative and Morphological Effect of Plant Growth Regulators on Callus Initiation from Leaves and Roots Explants of Artemisia annua L.

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
Wajeeha Iffat ◽  
Sohail Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Artemisia Annua ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Media ◽  
Leaves And Roots ◽  
Artemisinin Content

To study the effect of some plant growth regulators on the in vitro initiation of callus using the leaves and roots explants of Artemisia annua. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with 2 replicates. Morphologically leaf explants culture in media having the composition MS Basal + NAA (2.0mg/l) + BA(1.0 mg/l) shows best results as compared to all other media. However in roots shows no growth in all the media composition. On the other hand media having a composition (MS Basal + 2,4-D(1.0mg/l) + Kn (0.1mg/l)) with growth hormone antagonist shows no callus formation neither in leaf or roots. Our studies are also supported by the HPLC results about the artemisinin content in leaf in media having the composition MS Basal + NAA (2.0mg/l) + BA(1.0 mg/l) is 0.052% and least in media a composition (MS Basal + 2,4-D(1.0mg/l) + Kn (0.1mg/l)) have only 0.012%. On the other hand, we didn’t found any artemisinin content in the root explants in all the media. Our present study suggest that Benzyl adenine (BA) could be used as a promising growth hormone in tissue culture.

scholarly journals Chemical Height Control of Containerized Seashore Mallow

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 330-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly R. Hilgers ◽  
Cynthia Haynes ◽  
William R. Graves
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Kansas City ◽  
Chlormequat Chloride ◽  
Height Control ◽  
Kosteletzkya Virginica ◽  
Horticultural Products ◽  
Number Of Branches

The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of plant growth regulators applied as foliar sprays on height and branching of seashore mallow (Kosteletzkya virginica). Five chemical plant growth regulators were applied: ancymidol [15, 25, and 50 mg·L–1 (ppm)] (A-Rest; Elanco Products Co., Indianapolis), dikegulac sodium (500, 1000, and 1500 mg.L–1) (Atrimmec; PBI/Gordon Corp., Kansas City, Mo.), paclobutrazol (10, 20, and 60 mg·L–1) (Bonzi; Uniroyal Chemical Co., Middlebury, Conn.), chlormequat chloride (CCC) (750, 1000, and 1500 mg·L–1) (Cycocel; Olympic Horticultural Products, Mainland, Pa.), and CCC/daminozide mixes (1000/2500, 1000/5000, and 1500/5000 mg·L–1) (Cycocel and B-Nine; Uniroyal Chemical Co.). Ten replicate plants of each concentration were evaluated weekly for plant height and number of branches for 8 weeks. Plants that received CCC and CCC/daminozide treatments at all concentrations and paclobutrazol at 60 mg·L–1 were 60%, 60%, and 48% shorter than control plants and had 113%, 100%, and 75% more branches than control plants, respectively. All concentrations of ancymidol and dikegulac sodium-treated plants were similar to control plants. Paclobutrazol was applied twice, and only the highest concentration was effective for height control. Chlormequat chloride at the lowest concentration was as effective as all other concentrations of CCC and CCC/daminozide.

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