CHEMICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF HEAT-DAMAGED STORED RAPESEED

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. MILLS ◽  
W. K. KIM
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Electrolyte Leakage ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
High Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Black Seeds ◽  
Very High

Severely heat-damaged rapeseed had the following characteristics compared to sound lots: low viability (2%), a tobacco-like odor, very high electrolyte leakage, low pH in deionized water, extremely high free fatty acid levels, and a high proportion (98%) of jet black seeds.

Lewis acid-catalyzed transesterification and esterification of high free fatty acid oil in subcritical methanol

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianglin Hou ◽  
Yongqin Qi ◽  
Xingang Qiao ◽  
Guofu Wang ◽  
Zhangfeng Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Lewis Acid ◽  
High Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Oil ◽  
Acid Catalyzed

Biodiesel Production from the High Free Fatty Acid “Hevea brasiliensis” and Fuel Properties Characterization

2014 ◽  
Vol 625 ◽  
pp. 897-900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junaid Ahmad ◽  
Suzana Yusup ◽  
Awais Bokhari ◽  
Ruzaimah Nik Mohammad Kamil
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Fuel Properties ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Modern World ◽  
High Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Rubber Seed Oil ◽  
Rubber Seed

Energy crises, depletion of fossil fuel reservoirs, environmental pollution, global warming, green house effect and starvation are becoming very serious problems in the modern world. Biodiesel is a liquid fuel which can be the best alternative for the fossil fuels. In this study, non-edible rubber seed oil (RSO) with high free fatty acid (FFA) content (45%) was used for the production of biodiesel. The process comprises of two steps, in the first step acid esterification was used to reduce the FFA and in the second step base transesterification was employed to convert the treated oil into rubber seed oil methyl esters (RSOMEs). The conversion yield of biodiesel was analyzed using gas chromatography. The fuel properties were tested using the standard procedure of ASTM D6751 and EN14214. All the properties were within the ranges of the biodiesel standards. The result shows that rubber seed oil is a potential non-edible source for biodiesel production.

Optimisation and Kinetic Studies of Acid Esterification of High Free Fatty Acid Rubber Seed Oil

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 2515-2526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lai Fatt Chuah ◽  
Awais Bokhari ◽  
Suzana Yusup ◽  
Jiří Jaromír Klemeš ◽  
Bawadi Abdullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
High Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Rubber Seed Oil ◽  
Rubber Seed ◽  
Acid Esterification
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