CONTROL OF THE ROOT-LESION NEMATODE (PRATYLENCHUS PENETRANS) IN FLUE-CURED TOBACCO IN ONTARIO

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 309-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. F. MARKS ◽  
J. M. ELLIOT
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Relative Efficacy ◽  
Pratylenchus Penetrans ◽  
Root Lesion Nematode ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Nicotiana Tabacum L ◽  
Degree Of Control ◽  
Lesion Nematode

Field experiments were conducted on Fox loamy sand to determine the relative efficacy of certain fumigant and non-fumigant nematicides against Pratylenchus penetrans in flue-cured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.). Control of nematodes in the soil shortly after transplanting was better with the fumigants than with the non-fumigant nematicides, but the degree of control in the roots was about the same. Initial nematode population densities in the soil were similar in 1971 and 1972, but the crop responded to nematicide treatments only in 1972. The response differences were attributed mainly to weather conditions. It was not possible to relate final yields of flue-cured tobacco to degree of control of P. penetrans in either the soil or the roots at any one time during the growing season.

scholarly journals Post-Plant Nematicides for the Control of Root Lesion Nematode in Red Raspberry

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 856-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inga A. Zasada ◽  
Thomas W. Walters ◽  
John N. Pinkerton
Keyword(s):  
Foliar Application ◽  
Rubus Idaeus ◽  
Infested Soil ◽  
Pratylenchus Penetrans ◽  
Root Lesion Nematode ◽  
Red Raspberry ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Quillaja Saponaria ◽  
Lesion Nematode ◽  
Sampling Times

To identify a post-plant nematicide to control root lesion nematode [RLN (Pratylenchus penetrans)] in red raspberry (Rubus idaeus), a number of nematicides was tested in soil-only and plant-based experiments. In soil-only experiments, soil naturally infested with RLN was drenched with the nematicides and nematode survival was assessed 7 and 14 days after treatment. Fosthiazate and oxamyl reduced RLN recovery 92% and 52% across trials and sampling times, respectively, compared with the nontreated control. Other nematicides that resulted in moderate, and sometimes inconsistent, control of RLN were soapbark (Quillaja saponaria) saponins, 1,3-dichloropropene, and methomyl. In plant-based experiments, ‘Meeker’ red raspberry was established in pots with RLN-infested soil mixed with greenhouse soil and the nematicides were applied as soil drenches or as a foliar application. Nematode recovery and cane and root weights were quantified as measurements of nematicide toxicity and phytotoxicity, respectively. Similar to soil-only experiments, fosthiazate and oxamyl were the most effective nematicides tested in reducing RLN population densities in established red raspberry. Fosthiazate and oxamyl significantly reduced RLN per gram dry root population densities by 97% and 87%, respectively, compared with the infested, nontreated control. None of the other nematicides reduced RLN population densities compared with the infested, nontreated controls. There was no phytotoxicity to red raspberry associated with any of the nematicides.

scholarly journals Invasion and reproduction of Pratylenchus penetrans in birdsfoot trefoil cultivars

2005 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kimpinski ◽  
Y.A. Papadopoulos ◽  
B.R. Christie ◽  
K.B. McRae ◽  
C.E. Gallant
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Lotus Corniculatus ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
Pratylenchus Penetrans ◽  
Root Lesion Nematode ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Lesion Nematodes ◽  
Lesion Nematode ◽  
Root Lesion Nematodes ◽  
Screening Trial

Greenhouse trials were conducted to determine the levels of invasion of birdsfoot trefoil(Lotus corniculatus) cultivars and lines by the root-lesion nematode (Pratylenchuspenetrans). Numbersof nematodesin roots grown in 50-cm3 polystyrene starter pots were determined 6 weeks after planting. Nematodes were detected in the roots of all cultivars and lines, though the degree of invasion varied significantly. In the first screening trial, carried out in 1994 on 23 cultivars and lines, NB90-104, Upstart, and Viking harbored the lowest population densities of nematodes with levels below 1 000 g-1 of dry root, while Fergus and EPF had population densities over 30 000 g-1 of dry root. In the second screening trial conducted in 1995, all nine cultivars and lines tested, including NB90-104, Upstart, and Viking, had nematode levels greater than 7 900 g-1 of dry root. The results indicated that the cultivars and lines tested in this study exhibited wide genetic variability for invasion by root-lesion nematodes.

EFFECT OF SUMMER FALLOWING ON THE ROOT LESION NEMATODE PRATYLENCHUS PENETRANS (COBB) AND YIELD OF FLUE-CURED TOBACCO IN ONTARIO

1962 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 642-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. B. Mountain ◽  
J. M. Elliot
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Pratylenchus Penetrans ◽  
Root Lesion Nematode ◽  
Rye Straw ◽  
Subsequent Crop ◽  
Lesion Nematode

Field experiments showed that disking of rye straw in early June, rather than at the normal time in mid-July, reduced the population of the root lesion nematode in the roots of the subsequent crop of tobacco as effectively as nematicides. However, summer fallowing tended to lower the nitrogen content of the soil and supplementary nitrogen was required to obtain normal yields of tobacco.

scholarly journals Effect of the root-lesion nematode (Pratylenchus penetrans) on annual bluegrass (Poa annua)

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Bélair ◽  
Louis Simard
Keyword(s):  
Poa Annua ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Pratylenchus Penetrans ◽  
Root Lesion Nematode ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lesion Nematode

This study was undertaken to assess the effect of various population densities of the root-lesion nematode (Pratylenchus penetrans) on the growth of annual bluegrass (Poa annua) under controlled conditions. In two separate experiments, the nematodes were inoculated at concentrations of 100, 500, 1000 or 5000 nematodes 100 cm‑3 soil per pot or per tube. Nine wk post-inoculation, root P. penetrans populations had increased linearly with initial nematode concentrations in both experiments. Growth and quality of turfgrass were uniform for all treatments, with no significant difference from the control. Under the current experimental conditions, P. annua was shown to be a tolerant host plant to P. penetrans.

EFFECTS OF SOIL MANAGEMENT ON NUMBERS OF THE ROOT-LESION NEMATODE PRATYLENCHUS PENETRANS IN SOILS OF ONTARIO PEACH ORCHARDS

1973 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-185
Author(s):  
C. F. MARKS ◽  
W. J. SAIDAK ◽  
P. W. JOHNSON
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Pratylenchus Penetrans ◽  
Root Lesion Nematode ◽  
Entire Area ◽  
Red Fescue ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Lesion Nematode

The use of herbicides and cover crops in peach orchards influenced the numbers of the root-lesion nematode, Pratylenchus penetrans, in Fox sandy loam soils. Plots treated over the entire area with the herbicide combination of paraquat (1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium ion) and linuron (3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methoxy-1-methylurea) had the smallest number of P. penetrans in the soil. The soil management practice used by many Ontario growers, clean cultivation until 1 July followed by a weed cover, resulted in the largest numbers of nematodes in the soil. Creeping red fescue (Festuca rubra L.) as a cover crop retarded the rate of increase of P. penetrans numbers in the soil but Sudan grass (Sorghum vulgare cult sudanense Hitchc.) did not. Weed control practices that permitted a temporary re-establishment of weed covers, did not retard the increase of P. penetrans numbers. Use of paraquat plus linuron to limit weed growth in the tree rows coupled with a permanent cover of creeping red fescue between the rows appears to be an effective way of retarding increases of P. penetrans numbers in peach orchards. Soil management systems that incorporate these features may be of practical value to Ontario peach growers.

THE PATHOGENICITY OF PRATYLENCHUS PENETRANS TO CELERY

1963 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Townshend
Keyword(s):  
Plant Nutrients ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Pratylenchus Penetrans ◽  
Root Lesion Nematode ◽  
Primary Parasite ◽  
Lesion Nematode

Celery seedlings, grown aseptically in silica sand with plant nutrients, were inoculated with surface-sterilized specimens of the root lesion nematode Pratylenchus penetrans (Cobb, 1917) Filip. & Stek., 1941. The reactions of invaded roots were studied microscopically. The epidermis, cortex, and endodermis of young celery roots showed different degrees of discoloration after invasion of P. penetrans, with the endodermis most severely affected. Pratylenchus penetrans was a primary parasite and pathogen of celery.

Tagetes patula as an effective catch crop for long-term control of Pratylenchus penetrans

Nematology ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 877-881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albartus Evenhuis ◽  
Gerard Korthals ◽  
Leendert Molendijk
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Soil Fumigation ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Tagetes Patula ◽  
Pratylenchus Penetrans ◽  
Root Lesion Nematode ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Chemical Soil ◽  
Lesion Nematode

AbstractTagetes patula is well known to be able to diminish Pratylenchus penetrans (Cobb) populations. In a field experiment, the increase of the P. penetrans soil population density after growing T. patula was significantly less than after chemical soil fumigation with metam sodium. The effect of T. patula on P. penetrans population densities lasted longer than the effect of chemical soil fumigation. Strawberries were grown for 3 consecutive years after T. patula without damage by the root lesion nematode. Assuming a linear rate of increase of the P. penetrans population density, we predict that strawberries could be grown for about 7 successive years without economic damage due to the root lesion nematode. Strawberry yield was greater from the crop grown 3 years after T. patula than that after soil fumigation 4 years previously. About 2 t strawberry yield increase is necessary to allow the growth of Tagetes every 5th year, without economic loss. The possibility of growing both strawberries and Tagetes in the same year should be investigated.

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