COLOR STIMULATION IN ATTACHED APPLES WITH SUPPLEMENTARY LIGHT

1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. A. PROCTOR
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Incident Energy ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Minimum Energy ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Anthocyanin Synthesis ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Fluorescent Lamps ◽  
Minimum Energy Requirement

Attached green apples of seven cultivars exposed to natural prevailing light within the tree canopy supplemented by irradiation for 48 h from cool white fluorescent lamps synthesized anthocyanin. The amount of anthocyanin synthesized was correlated with the added incident energy, except when the low temperatures necessary for anthocyanin synthesis in the cultivars McIntosh, Cortland and Northern Spy did not occur. The minimum energy requirement for anthocyanin synthesis varied considerably with cultivar and changed during the season. The anthocyanin content of fruits at harvest was correlated with their potential to produce anthocyanin during the growing season.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF A NOVEL SEWAGE TREATMENT TECHNOLOGY WITH MINIMUM ENERGY REQUIREMENT

2008 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-195
Author(s):  
Tsutomu OKUBO ◽  
Hideki HARADA ◽  
Takashi ONODERA ◽  
Shigeki UEMURA ◽  
Takashi YAMAGUCHI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Minimum Energy ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Minimum Energy Requirement

scholarly journals The Precoder Design with Covariance Feedback for Simultaneous Information and Energy Transmission Systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Zhou ◽  
Dan Deng ◽  
Junjuan Xia ◽  
Ziyun Shao
Keyword(s):  
Dual Problem ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Minimum Energy ◽  
Information Rate ◽  
Achievable Rate ◽  
Energy Transmission ◽  
Precoder Design ◽  
Average System ◽  
System Information ◽  
Minimum Energy Requirement

We consider the optimal precoder design with the assumption that the transmitter only has channel covariance information, for the multi-input multi-output (MIMO) information and energy transmission system. The objective of the system design is to maximize the average system information rate, meanwhile meeting the minimum energy requirement of the energy receiver. Following this objective, we formulate the problem as a semidefinite programming (SDP) and further transform it into a dual problem. Two methods are proposed to solve this problem: the first method decomposes the transmission covariance as a product of precoders so that the constrained optimization becomes an unconstrained one, whereas the second method derives the structure of the optimal transmission covariance analytically. Both methods are proved to be convergent and their overheads and complexity are also analyzed. The achievable rate-energy (R-E) regions for the proposed methods are presented in the simulation. Under various system settings, the superiority of the proposed methods is shown by comparing with a few existing transmission schemes.

Minimum energy requirement of distillation processes

1995 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 247-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Offers ◽  
R. Düssel ◽  
J. Stichlmair
Keyword(s):  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Minimum Energy ◽  
Minimum Energy Requirement
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