ACCUMULATION AND TRANSLOCATION OF SOLUBLE SOLIDS IN CORN STALKS

1972 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. HUME ◽  
D. K. CAMPBELL
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Grain Development ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Grain Filling Period ◽  
Soluble Solids Concentration

Soluble solids in stalks of two short-season corn (Zea mays L.) hybrids accumulated until 2–3 weeks after anthesis, and then declined rapidly during the grain-filling period. Soluble solids concentration was unaffected by plant population, but greatest total soluble solids accumulated at high plant populations. Most of the soluble solids that accumulated and disappeared were in internodes below the ear. When pollination and grain development were prevented, total soluble solids in stalks increased until the end of the growing season, indicating that the decline in stalk soluble solids during grain filling was caused primarily by translocation of metabolites from the stalk to the grain.

scholarly journals Storage Characteristics of Small Watermelon Cultivars

1990 ◽  
Vol 115 (3) ◽  
pp. 440-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.A. Risse ◽  
J.K. Brecht ◽  
S.A. Sargent ◽  
S.J. Locascio ◽  
J.M. Crall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Storage Time ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
The Other ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Postharvest Storage ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Storage Characteristics ◽  
Soluble Solids Concentration

Two newly released cultivars of small watermelons [Citrullus lunatus (Thumb.) Matsum and Naki], `Mickylee' and `Minilee', plus two other cultivars, Baby Fun and Sugar Baby, were stored at various temperatures from 1 to 21C for up to 4 weeks plus 1 week at 21C over two seasons. All cultivars were susceptible to chilling injury (CI) when stored below 7C; however, `Minilee' was less susceptible than the other cultivars tested. Chilling injury increased with storage length. Conditioning at 26C for 3 days before storage at 1C reduced CI and increased the percentage of marketable watermelons after storage. Decay percentage increased with storage time and was highest on fruit held at 1C where CI led to decay. The flesh of `Mickylee' and `Minilee' was firmer than that of the other cultivars tested and `Mickylee' and Minilee' retained their firmness better during storage. Total soluble solids concentration decreased with increased storage temperature. `Minilee' watermelons were superior to the other three cultivars in postharvest storage potential and exhibited the least CI and decay.

Cell Size and Pretransplant Nutritional Conditioning Influences Early Vine Growth and Yield of Transplanted Watermelon

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 594e-594
Author(s):  
Charles J. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Soluble Solids Concentration

Research is needed to better understand the influence of cell volume and fertility on watermelon transplant size and field performance in order to determine the most economic production practices. `Jubilee' watermelon transplants were grown using a 4 x 4 factorial experimental design consisting of 4 cell volumes (30.7, 65.5, 147.5, and 349.6 cm3) and 4 fertility rates (0, 1/4, 1/2, and full-strength Hoagland's solution). Transplant shoot dry weight significantly increased as cell volume and fertility increased. Increasing cell volume linearly increased watermelon number/ha and tons/ha for early and total harvest in 1995. The average weight per watermelon significantly increased for early-harvested fruit but not for total harvest as cell volume increased in 1995. Soluble solids concentration linearly increased with increasing cell volume for early and total harvests in 1995. Cell volume had no significant influence on the harvest parameters measured in 1997. In 1995, increasing fertility linearly increased watermelon number/ha and tons/ha for early harvests. Increasing fertility increased the soluble solids concentration linearly for early-harvested watermelons in 1997 but not in 1995. Fertility rate had no significant influence on any of the other harvest parameters measured in 1995 and 1997. The growing conditions and disease pressure in 1997 reduced melons/ha, yield, and soluble solids content when compared to 1995 values. The half-strength Hoagland's solution produced the greatest number of watermelons/ha, tons/ha, and the highest soluble solids concentration in 1995 and 1997. Pretransplant nutritional conditioning had no significant effect on total `Jubilee' watermelon production in Louisiana for 1995 and 1997.

scholarly journals Postharvest Application of Chelated and Nonchelated Calcium Dip Treatments to Commercially Grown Honey Dew Melons: Effects on Peel Attributes, Tissue Calcium Concentration, Quality, and Consumer Preference following Storage

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 561-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gene E. Lester ◽  
Michael A. Grusak
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Consumer Preference ◽  
Storage Life ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Postharvest Application ◽  
Peel Color ◽  
Soluble Solids Concentration

Commercially grown honey dew fruit [Cucumis melo (Inodorus group)] typically are harvested before abscission because fruit cut unripe have a longer storage life than fully ripe fruit. However, because fully ripe fruit contain higher concentrations of soluble solids (predominantly as sugars), an attribute that increases their preference among consumers, methods are being explored to extend the storage life of fully ripe fruit. In this study, fully abscised honey dew fruit were evaluated for tissue attributes and consumer preference following postharvest dipping in either chelated or nonchelated calcium (Ca) solutions. Calcium sources were an amino acid-chelated Ca, ethylene-diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA)-chelated Ca, or calcium chloride (CaCl2), with each provided at three different rates. Fruit were evaluated at harvest, and after 14 or 22 days commercial storage. Evaluations were peel surface changes (color and disorders), hypodermal-mesocarp tissue Ca concentration, flesh firmness, soluble solids concentration, and consumer preference of the edible flesh. Peel color became yellowed and lighter during storage for all fruit, with higher Ca rates resulting in more intensely yellowed fruit. Hypodermal-mesocarp tissue Ca concentration was 0.90 mg·g-1 of fresh weight (900 ppm) at harvest, and declined in all fruit by 22 days storage. Peel disorders (disease and spotting) were none to slight for all fruit by 14 days storage, but by 22 days storage disease incidence ranged from none to severe, depending on the Ca source and rate. Fruit firmness declined in all fruit throughout storage, with the smallest declines measured in fruit treated with the amino acid-chelated Ca. Soluble solids concentration of fully ripe fruit was 12.3% at harvest, and showed either no decline or slight declines with storage among the treatments. Consumer preference was highest for freshly harvested fruit, but fruit were desirable even after 22 days storage across all treatments. Postharvest application of Ca at ≤0.16 m Ca in an amino acid-chelated form, versus EDTA-chelated Ca or CaCl2, slowed honey dew melon senescence so that after 22 days of commercial and retail storage the fruit were of high marketable quality, and there was no detrimental effect on consumer preference for the edible flesh.

scholarly journals Prestorage Heat Treatment as a Means of Improving Poststorage Quality of Apples

1990 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua D. Klein ◽  
Susan Lurie
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Major Benefit ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Soluble Solids Concentration

The benefits conferred by a prestorage heat treatment on poststorage quality of apples (Malus domestics Borkh.) were measured on `Anna', a non-storing early cultivar, and `Granny Smith', a long-storing late cultivar. The major benefit was a decrease in rate of apple softening, both during OC storage and during simulated shelf life at 20C. Soluble solids concentration was not affected by heat treatment, but titratable acidity was reduced. Ethylene production after heat treatment and storage was similar to or higher than that of control apples, but respiration was lower. The optimum temperature and time combination for prestorage treatment of both cultivars was 4 days at 38C.

Effect of rate and timing of indaziflam on ‘Sunbelt’ and muscadine grape

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 380-385
Author(s):  
Nicholas T. Basinger ◽  
Katherine M. Jennings ◽  
David W. Monks ◽  
Wayne E. Mitchem
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Southern Us ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Muscadine Grape ◽  
Soluble Solids Concentration

AbstractStudies were conducted at six locations across North Carolina to determine tolerance of ‘Sunbelt’ grape (bunch grape) and muscadine grape (‘Carlos’, ‘Triumph’, ‘Summit’) to indaziflam herbicide. Treatments included indaziflam (0, 50, 73 g ai ha–1) or flumioxazin (213 g ai ha–1) applied alone in April, and sequential applications of indaziflam (36, 50, 73 g ai ha–1) or flumioxazin (213 g ai ha–1) applied in April followed by the same rate applied in June. No crop injury was observed across locations. Muscadine yield was not affected by herbicide treatments. Yield of ‘Sunbelt’ grape increased with sequential applications of indaziflam at 73 g ha–1 when compared to a single application of indaziflam at 50 g ha–1 or flumioxazin at 213 g ha–1 in 2015. Sequential applications of flumioxazin at 213 g ha–1 reduced ‘Sunbelt’ yield compared to a single application of indaziflam at 73 g ha–1 in 2016. Trunk cross-sectional area was unaffected by herbicide treatments. Fruit quality (soluble solids concentration, titratable acidity, and pH) for muscadine and bunch grape was not affected by herbicide treatments. Indaziflam was safe to use at registered rates and could be integrated into weed management programs for southern US vineyards.

Effect of Polyolefin Film on the Quality of Kiwifruit with 1-MCP Treatment in Modified Atmosphere Packages

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 2769-2772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Hong Li ◽  
Cheng Jun Wang ◽  
Ai Li Wang ◽  
Yao Xiao ◽  
Yao Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Modified Atmosphere ◽  
Flesh Firmness ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
And Control ◽  
Soluble Solids Concentration

Kiwifruit is very perishable especially at 20 °C. The quality of kiwifruit with 1-MCP treatment stored at 20 °C in modified packages was investigated. Three different polyolefin films, including 0.03mm thickness polyethylene (PE), 0.03mm and 0.05mm thickness poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) films, were used as packaging films. Kiwifruit were fumigated with 1-MCP to delay ripeness and then packaged with the three films and control (air). O2 and CO2 concentrations in the packages, flesh firmness, soluble solids concentration (SSC), titratable acidity (TA) and ascorbic acid were measured. MAP treatments could postpone the increase of TTS, inhibit the reduction of TA, and avoid the decrease of flesh firmness. Kiwifruit packaged in 0.05mm PVC obtained 33% TA more than control fruit and approximate 25 % retention of initial firmness. However, MAP didn’t maintain more ascorbic acid content of kiwifruit. In conclusion, MAP using polyolefin films combination 1-MCP treatment, especially 0.05mm PVC, might be more effective for preserving the quality of kiwifruit.

Variability in Size and Soluble Solids Concentration in Peaches and Nectarines

2014 ◽  
pp. 253-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Lopresti ◽  
Ian Goodwin ◽  
Barry McGlasson ◽  
Paul Holford ◽  
John Golding
Keyword(s):  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Soluble Solids Concentration

Reduced Starch Content and Sucrose Synthase Activity in Developing Endosperm of Barley Plants Grown at Elevated Temperatures

1988 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 367 ◽  
Author(s):  
LC MacLeod ◽  
CM Duffus
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Starch Accumulation ◽  
Grain Development ◽  
Irreversible Reduction ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Cleavage Enzyme ◽  
Grain Filling Period ◽  
Sucrose Cleavage

Starch accumulation is reduced when endosperms develop at elevated temperatures. Reduced starch deposition does not appear to be due to limiting assimilate levels during the grain filling period; on the contrary, endosperm sucrose may even be increased at the elevated temperature. Results indicate that elevated temperatures significantly reduce the activity of the sucrose cleavage enzyme UDPsucrose synthase (EC 2.4.1.13), found in the endosperm during grain development, and that these effects may be initiated by a relatively short period of thermal stress applied close to anthesis. It would appear that, when developing barley ears are exposed to elevated temperatures, there is an irreversible reduction in the capacity of the endosperm to convert sucrose to starch, caused by a decrease in the activity of at least one of the enzymes involved in this conversion pathway.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document