VOLATILE NITROGENOUS BASES AND ALIPHATIC SECONDARY AMINES OF BURLEY TOBACCO

1970 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. P. BUSH ◽  
J. L. SIMS ◽  
W. O. ATKINSON
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Aliphatic Amines ◽  
Secondary Amines ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Burley Tobacco

Volatile nitrogenous bases and dimethylamine, methylethylamine, and diethylamine with N-methyl-n-propylamine were determined on two strains of burley tobacco isogenic for nornicotine. Concentrations of the nitrogenous bases and the secondary aliphatic amines, which are positively correlated with total nitrogen levels, were lower in leaves from the lower stalk positions.

Groundwater protection and diffuse nitrogen emissions to surface waters – which catchment areas have to be considered?

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
C. Schilling ◽  
M. Zessner ◽  
A.P. Blaschke ◽  
D. Gutknecht ◽  
H. Kroiss
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Flow Path ◽  
Emission Model ◽  
Catchment Scale ◽  
Danube Basin ◽  
Nitrogen Emissions ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Catchment Areas

Two Austrian case study regions within the Danube basin have been selected for detailed investigations of groundwater and surface water quality at the catchment scale. Water balance calculations have been performed using the conceptual continuous time SWAT 2000 model to characterise catchment hydrology and to identify individual runoff components contributing to river discharge. Nitrogen emission calculations have been performed using the empirical emission model MONERIS to relate individual runoff components to specific nitrogen emissions and for the quantification of total nitrogen emissions to surface waters. Calculated total nitrogen emissions to surface waters using the MONERIS model were significantly influenced by hydrological conditions. For both catchments the groundwater could be identified as major emission pathway of nitrogen emissions to the surface waters. Since most of the nitrogen is emitted by groundwater to the surface water, denitrification in groundwater is of considerable importance reducing nitrogen levels in groundwater along the flow path towards the surface water. An approach was adopted for the grid-oriented estimation of diffuse nitrogen emissions based on calculated groundwater residence time distributions. Denitrification in groundwater was considered using a half life time approach. It could be shown that more than 90% of the total diffuse nitrogen emissions were contributed by areas with low groundwater residence times and short distances to the surface water. Thus, managing diffuse nitrogen emissions the location of catchment areas has to be considered as well as hydrological and hydrogeological conditions, which significantly influence denitrification in the groundwater and reduce nitrogen levels in groundwater on the flow path towards the surface water.

scholarly journals Effect of Sewage Sludge Compost Usage on Corn and Faba Bean Growth, Carbon and Nitrogen Forms in Plants and Soil

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 628
Author(s):  
Hassan E. Abd Elsalam ◽  
Mohamed E. El- Sharnouby ◽  
Abdallah E. Mohamed ◽  
Bassem M. Raafat ◽  
Eman H. El-Gamal
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Nitrogen Forms ◽  
Amended Soils ◽  
Nitrogen Levels

Sewage sludge is an effective fertilizer in many soil types. When applied as an amendment, sludge introduces, in addition to organic matter, plant nutrients into the soil. When applied for cropland as a fertilizer, the mass loading of sewage sludge is customarily determined by inputs of N and/or P required to support optimal plant growth and a successful harvest. This study aims to examine the changes in organic matter contents and nitrogen forms in sludge-amended soils, as well as the growth of corn and faba bean plants. The main results indicated that there were higher responses to the corn and faba bean yields when sludge was added. Levels of organic carbon in soil were higher after maize harvest and decreased significantly after harvesting of beans, and were higher in sludge amended soils than unmodified soils, indicating the residual effect of sludge in soil. NO3−-N concentrations were generally higher in the soil after maize harvest than during the plant growth period, but this trend was not apparent in bean soil. The amounts of NH4+-N were close in the soil during the growth period or after the maize harvest, while they were higher in the soil after the bean harvest than they were during the growth period. Total nitrogen amounts were statistically higher in the soil during the growth period than those collected after the corn harvest, while they were approximately close in the bean soil. The total nitrogen amount in corn and bean leaves increased significantly in plants grown on modified sludge soil. There were no significant differences in the total nitrogen levels of the maize and beans planted on the treated soil.

Determination of Trace Concentrations of Aliphatic Amines in the Gas Phase after Preconcentration on a Solid Sorbent

1994 ◽  
Vol 59 (11) ◽  
pp. 2415-2425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karel Ventura ◽  
Kateřina Svobodová ◽  
Miroslav Dostál ◽  
Jaroslav Churáček
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Aliphatic Amines ◽  
Secondary Amines ◽  
Solid Sorbent ◽  
Liquid Phases ◽  
Trace Concentrations ◽  
Tenax Gc ◽  
Primary Aliphatic Amines

The technique of trapping aliphatic amines from gaseous and liquid phases on solid polymeric organic sorbents followed by thermal desorption and quantitation by gas chromatography or, after conversion to fluorescent (UV) derivatives, by liquid chromatography was studied. The interaction of 8 primary aliphatic amines and 4 secondary amines with 3 sorbents, viz. Tenax GC, Chromosorb 103, and Separon SE, was examined. Analytical GC and HPLC procedures were developed for butylamine and subsequently tested on a C4 - C7 primary alkylamine mixture.

scholarly journals FT-NIR Spectroscopic Analysis of Nitrogen in Cotton Leaves

2002 ◽  
Vol 56 (11) ◽  
pp. 1484-1489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark R. Riley ◽  
Loreto C. Cánaves
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Standard Error ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Total Nitrogen Content ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Plant Chemical ◽  
Grid Search Method ◽  
Kjeldahl Method

Near-infrared spectroscopy was evaluated as a means to quantify the nitrogen content in fresh cotton leaves ( Gossypium hirsutum L. var. Delta Pine 90) subjected to a factorial design experiment of varying nitrogen and water applications. Absorbance spectra were collected in the 10 000–4000 cm−1 (1000–2500 nm) region from fresh cotton leaves over a two month portion of the growing season. Total nitrogen content was quantified by a wet chemistry Kjeldahl method for validation purposes. Partial least-squares regression analysis, using an automated grid search method, selected the spectral region 6041 to 5651 cm−1 (1650–1770 nm) for analysis based on having the lowest standard error of prediction of total nitrogen content. This region includes protein spectral features. Nitrogen predictions resulted in a correlation coefficient of 0.83, and a standard error of prediction of 0.29% for nitrogen levels ranging from 3.1 to 5.2% total nitrogen. This approach has promise for providing rapid plant chemical analyses for cotton crop fertilization management purposes.

scholarly journals CHEMICAL AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHANGES WITH SUCCESSIVE APPLICATIONS OF RAW DOMESTIC SEWAGE AS A FINAL DISPOSAL ALTERNATIVE OF FORAGE CULTIVATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (29) ◽  
pp. 148-155
Author(s):  
M. T. M. COSTA ◽  
M. V. A. MARQUES ◽  
A. T. MATOS ◽  
T. H. R SILVÉRIO ◽  
D. L. A. PENIDO
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Superficial Layer ◽  
Domestic Sewage ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Physicochemical Changes

Considering the significant expenses with fertilizer and irrigation, the use of wastewater in fertirrigation has been studied as an alternative, since it can supply part of the water demand and provide nutrients to the plants. The objective of this work was to evaluate the changes in soil nutrient/pollutant contents, with successive applications of Domestic Sewage. Two treatments were implanted, one of them without alternation and another with alternation in the direction of the flow. Chemical and physicochemical analyzes of soil in the superficial layer were made in samples collected after 10 and 26 weeks from the beginning of application. According to the results, there was an increase in the Total Nitrogen, Sodium content available and in the electrical conductivity values, but a decrease in Potassium, Organic Matter and pH values. Although Total Nitrogen levels increased, they remained below the limit of risk. Potassium reduction can be explained by the high mobility in the soil and the absorption of plants. However, the reduction in the content of organic matter and in the pH value is due to the effect of the nutrient supply, which favored the degradation of the native organic matter of the soil.

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