INFLUENCE OF LOW SEEDING RATES ON WHEAT YIELD IN SOUTHWESTERN SASKATCHEWAN

1969 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 607-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. L. Pelton
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Population Differences ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Plant Survival

Spring wheat seeding rates of 22, 45, 67, and 101 kg/ha were compared in a field experiment on a medium-textured soil at Swift Current, Saskatchewan, over the period 1960–1968. Data collected during eight years indicated that when weeds, insects and diseases were chemically controlled, low seeding rates produced significantly more grain than higher seeding rates, with greatest increases occurring during years of severe moisture stress. Low seeding rates produced longer heads, heavier kernels, and in some cases taller plants. Plant population differences resulting from the variation in seeding rate were largely eliminated by plant survival and tillering. The number of mature kernels per unit area did not differ significantly for all treatments.Seeding rates had an effect on the rate at which moisture was used by the crop. Soil moisture supplies were quickly exhausted on plots seeded at rates of 67 and 101 kg/ha, whereas moisture was available to the crop seeded at lower rates over a longer period. The crop seeded at 22 kg/ha matured 3 to 5 days later than that seeded at 101 kg/ha.

Impact of tillage, seeding rate and seeding depth on soil moisture and dryland spring wheat yield in Western Siberia

2017 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
pp. 43-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Insa Kühling ◽  
Dmitry Redozubov ◽  
Gabriele Broll ◽  
Dieter Trautz
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Seeding Rate

scholarly journals Seeding Rate Effects on Hybrid Spring Wheat Yield, Yield Components and Quality

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1240
Author(s):  
Peder K. Schmitz ◽  
Joel K. Ransom
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
End Use

Agronomic practices, such as planting date, seeding rate, and genotype, commonly influence hard red spring wheat (HRSW, Triticum aestivum L. emend. Thell.) production. Determining the agronomic optimum seeding rate (AOSR) of newly developed hybrids is needed as they respond to seeding rates differently from inbred cultivars. The objectives of this research were to determine the AOSR of new HRSW hybrids, how seeding rate alters their various yield components, and whether hybrids offer increased end-use quality, compared to conventional cultivars. The performance of two cultivars (inbreds) and five hybrids was evaluated in nine North Dakota environments at five seeding rates in 2019−2020. Responses to seeding rate for yield and protein yield differed among the genotypes. The AOSR ranged from 3.60 to 5.19 million seeds ha−1 and 2.22 to 3.89 million seeds ha−1 for yield and protein yield, respectively. The average AOSR for yield for the hybrids was similar to that of conventional cultivars. However, the maximum protein yield of the hybrids was achieved at 0.50 million seeds ha−1 less than that of the cultivars tested. The yield component that explained the greatest proportion of differences in yield as seeding rates varied was kernels spike−1 (r = 0.17 to 0.43). The end-use quality of the hybrids tested was not superior to that of the conventional cultivars, indicating that yield will likely be the determinant of the economic feasibility of any future released hybrids.

scholarly journals Features of the formation of spring wheat grain yield in the Volga region

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-22
Author(s):  
Oleg Ivanovich Goryanin ◽  
Elena Vladimirovna Shcherbinina
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Ordinary Chernozem ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Seeding Rate

The results of the study of five seeding rates (variants) in the cultivation of spring durum wheat Bezenchukskaya Niva with seed treatment with Scenic Combi preparation (1.4 l/t) in order to identify the optimal rate are presented. On ordinary chernozem for 2017-2020 in the arid conditions of the Volga region, it was found out that when growing a crop for winter wheat, a decrease in seeding rates contributed to an increase in the coefficient of total and productive bushiness, the weight of grain from the ear and plant, the number of grains from the ear. On average, over the years of research, the yield of spring wheat grain at seeding rates of 2.0-5.0 million/ha was 2.00-2.22 t / ha. Under favorable weather conditions, the yield advantage was the norm of 4.0-5.0 million/ha by 6.2-37 %, in the acutely arid 2.0-3.0 million / ha by 3.4-16.4 % more, compared to other options. Wheat yield was most affected by the air temperature during the growing season (r=-0.97* to -0.99*). Of the elements of the structure, the maximum conjugacy with the yield at the norms of 1.0-4.0 is noted with the number and weight of grain from the ear and plant, the height of the plants (r=0,97*-1,0**). On average, over the years of research, the highest net income was established on the variants with the norm of 3.0-4.0 million / ha-17100.4-17442.8 rubles / ha, which is 761.9-1704.7 rubles/ha (4.7-10.8 %) more than the variants with the norm of 2.0 and 5.0 million/ha. The maximum level of profitability was revealed at the rate of 1.0 million / ha-194.6 %, which is 9.6-41.3% more than the options with the rate of 2.0-4.0 million / ha. Based on the conducted research, the seeding rate of 2.0-4.0 million/ha is recommended for the cultivation of spring durum wheat for commercial purposes. In the original seed production – 1.0 and 2.0 million/ha, providing a multiplication factor of up to 57.8 kg/kg of grain.

scholarly journals IMPROVEMENT OF TECHNOLOGICAL APPROVALS OF SPRING WHEAT PRODUCTION IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE RIGHT-BANK FOREST UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
pp. 64-73
Author(s):  
Mihaylo Polishuk ◽  
Ruslan Antko
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
The Right

The article presents the effectiveness of the influence of certain agrotechnical components of the technology of growing wheat wheat in the conditions of the Right Bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine. The positive influence of application of foliar fertilization of crops is shown. The prospects of using the complex application of intensification elements are determined. It has been established that the optimization of the mode of power provides a more complete disclosure of the resource potential of plants, which increases yields. Reindeer nutrition should be considered as an element of supplementation to the soil nutrition system, primarily due to the fact that plants are able to absorb nutrients through the leaf surface only in limited quantities, with excess concentration of which possible burns or intoxication of plants. The use of foliar feeding on the background of the main fertilizer has been found to have a positive effect on productivity and quality. The role of the plant nutrition system, which allows to control the formation of grain productivity of spring wheat crops, is substantiated. It has been found that the optimization of the nutrition regime provides a fuller disclosure of the resource potential of the plants, thereby increasing the yield. Nutrition optimization provides more complete disclosure of plant resource potential, thereby increasing yields. It is determined that under the conditions of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine the level of spring wheat yield is largely determined by the amount of rainfall that has fallen during the growing season. By optimizing the wheat's nutritional conditions, its productivity increases substantially, regardless of weather and climatic conditions. The use of mineral fertilizers, especially nitrogen in combination with phosphorus and potassium, can significantly improve the nutritional regime of the soil. The available nutrients of the plant are provided as a result of the mineralization of organic compounds by soil microorganisms and the transition of soluble mineral substances into solubility. This creates a more favorable environment for the growth and development of plants and for maintaining high soil fertility. At the end of the spring wheat vegetation, there was a redistribution of nitric and ammoniacal forms of nitrogen. It is advisable to continue research in this area and to deepen in connection with the emergence of new varieties, preparations and changes in climatic and soil conditions. Key words: spring wheat, yield, variety, sowing dates, seeding rate.

DISEASES AND PESTS OF GRASS SEED CROPS

1990 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 25-27
Author(s):  
R.E. Falloon
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Grass Seed ◽  
Crop Establishment ◽  
Seed Crops

This paper will discuss the diseases and pests that affect grass seed production. In order to put the diseases and pests into perspective, the principlesof grass seed production will be considered. The components of yield of any crop for which seed is the product are: number of plants per unit area; number of inflorescences per plant; number of seeds per inflorescence; seed weight, Many factors can influence these components, for example: (1) crop establishment (cultivation, seed quality, seeding rate, sowing time, soil moisture and fertility can all affect numbers of plants) (2) crop growth (soil moisture, fertility, grazing and weeds can affect crop growth and influence numbers of inflorescences and numbers and weight of seeds).

Influence of tillage systems and nitrogen management on grain yield, grain protein and nitrogen-use efficiency in UK spring wheat

2016 ◽  
Vol 154 (8) ◽  
pp. 1437-1452 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. RIAL-LOVERA ◽  
W. P. DAVIES ◽  
N. D. CANNON ◽  
J. S. CONWAY
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Use Efficiency

SUMMARYEffects of soil tillage systems and nitrogen (N) fertilizer management on spring wheat yield components, grain yield and N-use efficiency (NUE) were evaluated in contrasting weather of 2013 and 2014 on a clay soil at the Royal Agricultural University's Harnhill Manor Farm, Cirencester, UK. Three tillage systems – conventional plough tillage (CT), high intensity non-inversion tillage (HINiT) and low intensity non-inversion tillage (LINiT) for seedbed preparation – were compared at four rates of N fertilizer (0, 70, 140 and 210 kg N/ha). Responses to the effects of the management practices were strongly influenced by weather conditions and varied across seasons. Grain yields were similar between LINiT and CT in 2013, while CT produced higher yields in 2014. Nitrogen fertilization effects also varied across the years with no significant effects observed on grain yield in 2013, while in 2014 applications up to 140 kg N/ha increased yield. Grain protein ranged from 10·1 to 14·5% and increased with N rate in both years. Nitrogen-use efficiency ranged from 12·6 to 49·1 kg grain per kg N fertilizer and decreased as N fertilization rate increased in both years. There was no tillage effect on NUE in 2013, while in 2014 NUE under CT was similar to LINiT and higher than HINiT. The effect of tillage and N fertilization on soil moisture and soil mineral N (SMN) fluctuated across years. In 2013, LINiT showed significantly higher soil moisture than CT, while soil moisture did not differ between tillage systems in 2014. Conventional tillage had significantly higher SMN at harvest time in 2014, while no significant differences on SMN were observed between tillage systems in 2013. These results indicate that LINiT can be used to produce similar spring wheat yield to CT on this particular soil type, if a dry cropping season is expected. Crop response to N fertilization is limited when soil residual N is higher, while in conditions of lower residual SMN, a higher N supply is needed to increase yield and improve grain protein content.

Effects of row spacing, seeding rate and seed-placed phosphorus on root diseases of spring wheat and barley under zero tillage

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. L. Bailey ◽  
Guy P. Lafond ◽  
Daryl Domitruk
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Gaeumannomyces Graminis ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Root Diseases ◽  
Take All

Changes in tillage and other agronomic practices have shown benefits of increased grain yield for many crops, but these changes may alter the micro-environment resulting in changes to populations of disease-causing agents and other micro-organisms. This study examined the effects of row spacing (10, 20, 30 cm), seeding rate (54, 108, 161 kg ha−1 for barley; 67, 134, 202 kg ha−1 for spring wheat) and seed-placed phosphorus (0, 8, 16 kg ha−1) on root diseases in spring wheat and barley using a zero-tillage production system in four environments. Root rot severity was assessed by visual ratings and the causal agents were identified. Analyses of variance indicated significant differences in root rot severity and the incidence of some causal agents for the main treatment effects (i.e. row spacing, seeding rate, seed-placed phosphorus) and no significant interactions between locations, years, and cultural practices. Contrasts of treatment means showed that higher rates of seeding decreased root rot severity and the incidence of Fusarium in wheat but these effects were small (less than 6%). The higher rates of monoammonium phosphate fertilizer reduced root rot severity in barley by 7% and the incidence of Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici in wheat by greater than 40%. Wider row spacings showed a small reduction of 6% in root rot severity in wheat but mostly had no effect on root diseases. Wheat yields were negatively associated with root rot severity in three of four environments. Fertility, root rot severity, and seeding rate had the greatest impact on wheat yield. Root diseases did not affect barley yields. Therefore, the use of wider row spacings and higher seeding rates with zero tillage practices will not lead to adverse effects on root diseases in wheat and barley. Phosphorus fertilizer should be used to reduce losses resulting from take-all disease in wheat. Key words: Zero tillage, cultural practices, common root rot, take-all, cereals

Response of Wheat to Sewage Sludge Applied Under Two Different Moisture Regimes

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. Al-Mustafa ◽  
A. A. El-Shall ◽  
A. E. Abdallah ◽  
A. S. Modaihsh
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Significant Response ◽  
Irrigation Regimes ◽  
Moisture Regimes ◽  
Available Soil Moisture

SummaryA field experiment was conducted from 1989 to 1992 to investigate the effect of sewage sludge applications on wheat yield under different irrigation regimes. The sewage sludge was applied at rates equivalent to 0, 20 or 60 t ha-1 whenever the available soil moisture reached 30 or 70%. The results showed a significant response in grain yield and its nutrient content with no significant differences between rates of sewage sludge applied. Much higher responses were obtained under the wet than under the dry regime.

Impact of Preceding Crop and Cultural Practices on Rye Growth in Winter Wheat

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 564-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randy L. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Starter Fertilizer ◽  
Preceding Crop ◽  
Winter Wheat Yield ◽  
The Impact

Improving crop vigor can suppress growth of weeds present in the crop. This study examined the impact of preceding crop and cultural practices on rye growth in winter wheat. Preceding crops were soybean, spring wheat, and an oat/dry pea mixture. Two cultural treatments in winter wheat were also compared, referred to as conventional and competitive canopies. The competitive canopy differed from the conventional in that the seeding rate was 67% higher and starter fertilizer was banded with the seed. The study was conducted at Brookings, SD. Rye seed and biomass production differed fourfold among treatments, with winter wheat following oat/pea being most suppressive of rye growth. Rye produced 63 seeds/plant in winter wheat with a competitive canopy that followed oat/pea, contrasting with 273 seeds/plant in conventional winter wheat following spring wheat. Yield loss in winter wheat due to rye interference increased with rye biomass, but winter wheat was more tolerant of rye interference following oat/pea compared with the other preceding crops. Regression analysis indicated that winter wheat yield loss at the same rye biomass was threefold higher following spring wheat or soybean compared with oat/pea as a preceding crop. Winter wheat competitiveness and tolerance to rye can be improved by increasing the seeding rate, using a starter fertilizer, and growing winter wheat after an oat/pea mixture.

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