GROWTH AND REPRODUCTION OF NEW ZEALAND, MEDITERRANEAN, AND HYBRID DACTYLIS GLOMERATA AFTER SHORT DAY AND TEMPERATURE TREATMENTS

1966 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. O. Fejer
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Floral Induction ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Control Material ◽  
Reciprocal Differences ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L ◽  
Short Days ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

Floral induction was studied in New Zealand and Mediterranean varieties of Dactylis glomerata L. and their hybrids. Treatments of 1 month vernalization, or 1 month of cold short days, or 2 months of warm short days, when followed by long days, induced almost complete heading in the field for most materials. Early dates of heading, many fertile tillers of increased height, and heads of a large and branched type also were induced by these treatments as compared with the untreated control material. Certain cold treatments produced, at early vegetative stages, more growth than the control. It is inferred that earlier attempts to vernalize New Zealand Dactylis plants were unsuccessful because of the restricted root growth in pots and flats. Plant breeding implications concerning heterosis, genotype–environment interactions, and reciprocal differences in hybrids were discussed.

Seasonal development of roots under perennial and annual grass pastures

1994 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 1077 ◽  
Author(s):  
AM Ridley ◽  
RJ Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Seasonal Development ◽  
Annual Ryegrass ◽  
Annual Grass ◽  
Lolium Rigidum ◽  
Extensive Surface ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L

Studies in the field and in a rhizotron were conducted to examine the root growth of Phalaris aquatica L. (phalaris), Dactylis glomerata L. (cocksfoot) and Lolium rigidum Gaudin (annual ryegrass). Root and tiller development of the perennial grasses in autumn was also studied. In the field, annual ryegrass developed a more extensive surface rooting system than phalaris and cocksfoot by spring in a favourable season. Early root development of annual ryegrass was poor where the first rains of the season did not occur until winter. Growth rates of annual ryegrass roots at depth were similar to phalaris in mid spring in the rhizotron. Phalaris had a higher proportion of live roots than cocksfoot prior to the first autumn rain. Cocksfoot did not regenerate a substantial new root system until it developed secondary tillers, about a month after initial rains. Collectively, these studies indicated that the seasonal development and extent of the root systems of cocksfoot and phalaris were different.

The Gall Midges attacking the Seed-heads of Cocksfoot, Dactylis glomerata, L

1940 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. F. Barnes
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Gall Midges ◽  
Host Plant Specificity ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Short Section

An account is given of four gall midges whose larvae damage the seed of cocksfoot, viz. Contarinia dactylidis (H. Lw.), Dasyneura dactylidis, Metcalfe, Sitodiplosis dactylidis which is described from England and Ireland in the present paper, and Stenodiplosis geniculati, Reuter. The occurrence of predacious midges of the genus Lestodiplosis is also noted.A short section is devoted to characters by which these midges can be distinguished.Stenodiplosis geniculati is recorded from one English and two Irish localities on cocksfoot grass for the first time, hitherto it has always been recorded from foxtail. These midges, together with some experimentally bred on cocksfoot from foxtail parents, exhibit the typical characters of this species.A new variety, Stenodiplosis geniculati var. dactylidis, is described from cocksfoot in New Zealand.In a discussion of the host-plant specificity of gall midges attacking grass seeds, it is suggested that the present discovery of S. geniculati on cocksfoot in England and Ireland and the occurrence in New Zealand of this new variety exhibiting distinct morphological characters are two steps in the evolution of a new species.I am indebted to Miss F. M. L. Sheffield for taking the photographs used to illustrate Plate IV. They were taken to show the comparative lengths of the antennal segments and not the chaetotaxy. I am also indebted to Mr. P. S. Milne who took the photographs used to illustrate Plate V.

HEADING RESPONSE OF ORCHARDGRASS SEEDLINGS TO PHOTOPERIOD AND TEMPERATURE

1972 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. KOZUMPLIK ◽  
B. R. CHRISTIE
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Floral Induction ◽  
Continuous Light ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Juvenile Stage ◽  
Induction Treatment ◽  
Total Head ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L

Floral induction of orchardgrass strains (Dactylis glomerata L.) can be completed in 4 weeks under 10-hr photoperiods at 10 C (21 C in some strains). Extending the induction treatment to 6 weeks resulted in earlier heading in one strain. In the same strain, induction at 10 C rather than 21 C resulted in a significant increase in percent heading, heads per plant, and total head yield per plant, but a decrease in weight per head. Different environmental conditions during the juvenile stage had no effect on postinduction development. During the postinduction stage, continuous light promoted earlier heading, greater weight per head, and higher head yield. A schedule for completing the life cycle of orchardgrass in 16–19 weeks is recommended.

scholarly journals GIBBERELLIC ACID TREATMENT OF DACTYLIS GLOMERATA AND ITS RESIDUAL EFFECTS ON THE FOLLOWING GENERATION

1966 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-370
Author(s):  
S. O. Fejer
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Acid Treatment ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L ◽  
Short Days ◽  
Gibberellic Acid Treatment

Seed harvested from plants of Dactylis glomerata L. sprayed with gibberellic acid several weeks before the first signs of heading showed, after germination, a very marked increase in the top/root ratio of the seedlings. After various treatments with short days at contrasting temperatures most of these seedlings developed into plants that were taller and headed earlier.

scholarly journals 'GRASSLANDS WANA' COCKSFOOT - AN IMPROVED GRASS SUITABLE FOR HILL COUNTRY

1985 ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.J. Barker ◽  
J.A. Lancashire ◽  
C. Meurk
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Sheep Grazing ◽  
Pasture Grass ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Hill Country ◽  
Dominant Component ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L

ocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) is the second most commonly sown grass after ryegrass (Lolium spp.) in New Zealand. Some characteristics restricting its performance in pastures have been improved in a new variety 'Grasslands Wana' cocksfoot, released in 1980. A series of trials at Taupo, Woodville, Central Wairarapa and Eastern Southland showed that under sheep grazing Wana can be established as the dominant component of the sward. It was concluded that Wana has potential as both a dry and moist hill country pasture grass and particularly in dry environments may have advantages over the species currently present.

Influence of N Fertilization and N Carryover on Yield and N Concentration of Dactylis glomerata L. 1

1973 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 671-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Donohue ◽  
C. L. Rhykerd ◽  
D. A. Holt ◽  
C. H. Noller
Keyword(s):  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
N Concentration ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L

Seed Dormancy in Dactylis Glomerata L. 1

Crop Science ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Canode ◽  
E. V. Horning ◽  
J. D. Maguire
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L
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