THE PRODUCTIVITY OF INTERMEDIATE WHEATGRASS AS AFFECTED BY INITIAL HARVEST DATES AND RECOVERY PERIODS

1966 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Lawrence ◽  
R. Ashford
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Harvest Date ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Intermediate Wheatgrass ◽  
Agropyron Intermedium ◽  
Harvest Dates ◽  
Critical Phase

The productivity of Agropyron intermedium (Host.) Beauv., as influenced by variation in the date of initial harvest and length of recovery period between cuttings, was studied on irrigated land over a 2-year period. Ten initial cutting dates, each spaced 3 days apart, and two recovery periods of 21 days and 42 days, were used. Delaying the initial harvest date resulted in progressively greater dry-matter yields at the first cutting and progressively lower yields at the second cutting. Earlier and later initial cuttings gave higher yields than at the shotblade stage when this species seems to be in a critical phase of development. Grass given a 42-day recovery period between cuttings produced an average dry-matter yield of 3.63 tons per acre over the 2-year period, and 1.71 tons of root material per acre in the first crop year. Comparable yields in tons per acre for grass given a 21-day recovery period were 2.29 for dry matter and 1.31 for root material. Likewise, grass given a 21-day recovery period showed a rapid stand deterioration, whereas that given a 42-day recovery period did not show a reduction. Intermediate wheatgrass is high-yielding if managed properly and not abused by intensive cutting or grazing. It appears to be more suitable for hay production than for pasture.

EFFECT OF NITROGEN FERTILIZER AND CLIPPING FREQUENCY ON THE DRY MATTER YIELD AND PERSISTENCY OF INTERMEDIATE WHEATGRASS

1969 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Lawrence ◽  
R. Ashford
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Statistical Approach ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Intermediate Wheatgrass ◽  
Agropyron Intermedium ◽  
Management Factors

The effects of six rates of N fertilizer and five frequencies of clipping on the dry matter yield and persistency of irrigated intermediate wheatgrass, Agropyron intermedium (Host.) Beauv., were studied during 1961–62 at one site, and 1963–65 at a second site.The dry matter yield increased with increasing rates of N fertilizer, and with longer intervals between clippings. Highest yields were obtained with the 375-kg/ha rate of N fertilizer and the 8-week clipping interval.Fertilizer level did not have a significant effect on either the basal ground cover of grass or the degree of winter injury suffered by intermediate wheat-grass. However, clipping frequency was closely related to both of these factors.Application of a regression analysis to the study of significant interactions among management factors proved to be a very useful statistical approach.

A STUDY OF THE DEGREE OF CREEPING ROOTEDNESS IN RELATION TO BREEDING INTERMEDIATE WHEATGRASS

1965 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 467-470
Author(s):  
T. Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Intermediate Wheatgrass ◽  
Agropyron Intermedium ◽  
Clonal Lines ◽  
Root Character ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Twenty clonal lines of intermediate wheatgrass, Agropyron intermedium (Host.) Beauv., were selected to represent the range in creep development to be found in a breeding nursery. Polycross progenies of these clonal lines were studied to determine the relationship of the degree of creeping rootedness of the 20 clones with the dry matter yield, basal ground cover, and winterkilling of their polycross progenies. This was done to determine the emphasis that should be placed on selecting for or against the creeping root character in a breeding program.No strong relationships between creep and the other characteristics were found on either dryland or irrigated land. However, there was some indication under irrigation that better initial stands were obtained with lines showing reduced creep and that these same lines were more subject to invasion by weeds in later years.It is apparent that the degree of creeping rootedness requires little consideration in breeding intermediate wheatgrass.

Effect of the Cultivar and Harvest Date of Kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala) on Crop Yield and Plant Morphological Features

2010 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Korus
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Harvest Date ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Harvest Dates ◽  
Brassica Oleracea L

Effect of the Cultivar and Harvest Date of Kale (Brassica oleraceaL. var.acephala) on Crop Yield and Plant Morphological FeaturesThe experimental material consisted of three kale cultivars: Winterbor F1, Redbor F1and Medium High Green Curly were obtained from three harvest dates. The experiment was conducted in a three-year cycle (2006-2008). Total yields ranged from 5.13 to 9.32 kg·m-2, of which marketable yield constituted on average 51-72% and processing yield 27-34%. In the present experiment, 8.42 kg of total yield per 1m2was obtained from Winterbor F1, 7.55 kg from Medium High Green Curly cv. and 6.71kg from Redbor F1as an average for all years and harvest dates. The highest total yield for all cultivars was from the second harvest date and ranged from 6.76 to 9.32 kg·m-2. The dry matter yield of leaves with removed veins averaged between 0.28 and 0.50 kg per 1m2for all years and harvest dates.

PRODUCTIVITY OF INTERMEDIATE WHEATGRASS AS INFLUENCED BY DATE OF INITIAL CUTTING, HEIGHT OF CUTTING, AND N FERTILIZER

1973 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. LAWRENCE
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Intermediate Wheatgrass ◽  
Agropyron Intermedium ◽  
Cutting Height

The interactions of three dates of initial cutting followed by one or two subsequent cuttings, three heights of cutting, and four fertilizer treatments on the dry matter yield, crude protein content, and crude protein yield of intermediate wheatgrass (Agropyron intermedium (Host.) Beauv.) were studied on irrigated land for 2 yr. Cutting on 15 June during the shot blade stage resulted in severe summer killing. Variation in height of cutting and N fertilizer levels resulted in differences in annual yields. On the basis of the 2-yr mean yield, however, these differences were masked by interaction of these factors with years. Crude protein content of the forage at cut 1 decreased with the deferment of the first cut, was not influenced by height of cutting, but increased with increases in N fertilizer. The yield of crude protein increased with increasing levels of N fertilizer and showed significant interactions for year × date of initial cutting × fertilizer and years × date of initial cutting × height of cutting. Split applications of N fertilizer showed no advantage over a single spring application in either year.

Optimum harvest date of maize for biogas and silage purposes

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-125
Author(s):  
G. Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Harvest Date ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Vegetative Organs

The dry matter and moisture contents of the aboveground vegetative organs and kernels of four maize hybrids were studied in Martonvásár at five harvest dates, with four replications per hybrid. The dry matter yield per hectare of the kernels and other plant organs were investigated in order to obtain data on the optimum date of harvest for the purposes of biogas and silage production.It was found that the dry mass of the aboveground vegetative organs, both individually and in total, did not increase after silking. During the last third of the ripening period, however, a significant reduction in the dry matter content was sometimes observed as a function of the length of the vegetation period. The data suggest that, with the exception of extreme weather conditions or an extremely long vegetation period, the maximum dry matter yield could be expected to range from 22–42%, depending on the vegetation period of the variety. The harvest date should be chosen to give a kernel moisture content of above 35% for biogas production and below 35% for silage production. In this phenophase most varieties mature when the stalks are still green, so it is unlikely that transport costs can be reduced by waiting for the vegetative mass to dry.

Effects of Nitrogen Fertilization Rate, Stockpiling Initiation Date, and Harvest Date on Canopy Height and Dry Matter Yield of Autumn-Stockpiled Bermudagrass

2004 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 538-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Scarbrough ◽  
W. K. Coblentz ◽  
K. P. Coffey ◽  
K. F. Harrison ◽  
T. F. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Fertilization Rate ◽  
Canopy Height ◽  
Harvest Date ◽  
Dry Matter Yield

RESPONSE OF SIX-YEAR-OLD GRASS–ALFALFA PASTURES TO NITROGEN FERTILIZER IN NORTHEASTERN SASKATCHEWAN

1968 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Cooke ◽  
S. E. Beacom ◽  
W. K. Dawley
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Bromus Inermis ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
Intermediate Wheatgrass ◽  
Nitrogen Requirement ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
N Treatment

Two 6-year-old grass–alfalfa mixtures were compared when fertilized with 0, 84 and 168 kg nitrogen per hectare and grazed by yearling Hereford steers. The effect of stocking rate, fertilization, forage mixture and year on the cumulative liveweight gain per hectare was also determined. The bromegrass (Bromus inermis L.) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) mixture showed a linear increase in dry matter yield, but the nitrogen requirement of the intermediate wheatgrass (Agropyron intermedium L.) and alfalfa mixture was fully met by the 84-kg/ha N treatment. In 1960, the addition of 84 and 168 kg/ha N to the bromegrass–alfalfa increased animal production by 61 and 98% respectively. Corresponding increases of 53 and 56% were obtained from the fertilized intermediate wheatgrass–alfalfa mixture. Similar percentage increases were obtained in 1961. The 84-kg/ha N treatment reduced the alfalfa content of both mixtures by more than 40%. The 168-kg/ha N treatment practically eliminated the alfalfa from the stands. Nitrogen recovery by the bromegrass–alfalfa was similar at both fertility levels and amounted to 62% in 1960, and 24% in 1961. Recovery of nitrogen by intermediate wheatgrass–alfalfa was 62 and 36% from the 84- and 168-kg/ha N treatments in 1960, and 23 and 12% respectively in 1961.

Effect of time of cessation of wet season grazing on Townsville stylo-annual grass pasture at Katherine, N.T

1973 ◽  
Vol 13 (64) ◽  
pp. 544 ◽  
Author(s):  
MJT Norman ◽  
LJ Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Annual Grass ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
Heavy Grazing ◽  
Stylosanthes Humilis ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Townsville Stylo

A Townsville stylo (Stylosanthes humilis)-annual grass pasture at Katherine, N.T., was subjected to a series of treatments in 1969-70 and 1970-71 under which plots were grazed heavily from the beginning of the wet season for a period and then allowed to recover undefoliated for the remainder of the season. The dates at which heavy grazing ceased were spaced at 2-week intervals from November 24 to March 16. At the end of the wet season, total dry matter yield was linearly related to length of recovery period. Townsville stylo yield declined as recovery period was reduced from 18 to 8 weeks, but showed little response to a further reduction to 4 weeks. In contrast, annual grass yield showed little change as recovery period was reduced from 18 to 8 weeks, but fell with a further reduction to 4 weeks. As a result, the proportion of Townsville stylo in the pasture at the end of the season was high with long and short recovery periods but reached a minimum with an 8 - 10 week recovery period. Dry conditions prevailed in the first half of both seasons. The evidence suggests that young Townsville stylo is sensitive to heavy grazing when under water stress, and that early grazing for grass control should be imposed only during periods of active growth.

Effects of autumn harvest date on the performance of white clover/grass mixtures in Nova Scotia

1993 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Fraser ◽  
K. Sutherland ◽  
R. C. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Harvest Date ◽  
Harvest Dates ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre ◽  
Clover Content

SUMMARYWhite clover (Trifolium repens L.) is well adapted to the cool moist climate of Atlantic Canada, where it improves digestibility and protein content in pastures, but little is known about its role in pasture stockpiled for autumn grazing in this region. The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of autumn harvest dates on dry matter yield and clover content in herbage mixtures. Two experiments conducted in Nova Scotia between 1985 and 1991 on two different soil types showed that the effects of autumn harvest dates were inconsistent from year to year. Herbage growth rates ranged from 11 to 41 kg/ha per day between early September and mid-October. Clover content was generally lower in August–early September than in November harvests and declined in subsequent years irrespective of harvest date or forage species. Kersey White and Sonja white clovers were the highest yielding cultivars. Crude protein declined in late autumn harvests whereas acid detergent fibre tended to increase, and there were differences between years. Forage quality was significantly better in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) than orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.)/white clover mixtures.

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