AN EVALUATION OF 15 GRASS SPECIES AS FORAGE CROPS FOR SOUTHWESTERN SASKATCHEWAN

1964 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 301-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Lawrence ◽  
J. E. Troelsen
Keyword(s):  
Cold Climate ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Cellulose Digestibility ◽  
Elymus Species

Fifteen grass species were evaluated for dry-matter yield, protein content, in vitro digestibility of cellulose, and winterhardiness. Of these species only Agropyron cristatum and Elymus junceus are used extensively as cultivated forage crops in the prairie area. E. excelsus, E. giganteus, E. sibiricus, and E. striatus appeared to possess fairly high forage-yielding potential as they produced nearly as much as A. cristatum in the first crop year. E. sabulosus and Stipa tenacissima lacked drought tolerance but may give satisfactory yields in moist areas. The other species yielded less forage, generally in the range of production typified by E. junceus. The cellulose digestibility of E. angustus was similar to that of E. akmolinensis and E. junceus. However, E. angustus contained less crude protein than these two species. S. viridula exhibited qualities between those of A. cristatum and E. junceus, and since its yielding capacity and drought resistance were quite good, this species should be reasonably useful for forage production. Of the 12 Elymus species, E. angustus showed the best possibilities of becoming a useful forage crop on dry land for late fall and winter grazing. After the severe drought of 1961, E. arenarius, E. excelsus, E. giganteus, E. sibiricus, E. striatus, and E. virginicus killed out completely and should therefore be considered of doubtful usefulness as cultivated forage crops in a semi-arid, cold climate despite other attributes they may possess.

Cereals for winter grazing on the Northern Tablelands of New South Wales

1974 ◽  
Vol 14 (71) ◽  
pp. 790 ◽  
Author(s):  
JV Lovett ◽  
EM Matheson
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Species Response ◽  
South Wales

In field experiments conducted over three years at Armidale, New South Wales, the total winter forage production by barley, oats, wheat and rye was similar. However, barley and rye tended to outyield wheat and oats at early harvests, the reverse applying at late harvests. It is suggested that these characteristics of the cereals could be exploited to meet specific seasonal requirements for dry matter production more effectively than is possible with a single species. Response to high seeding rates in forage production was similar in all cereals and was confined to a late sowing. Significant differences in in vitro digestibility over the winter period were recorded and differences were also apparent in subsequent grain yield.

Seasonal changes in the nutritive value of grass species in Spinifex pastures of Western Australia.

1988 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 60 ◽  
Author(s):  
AM Holm ◽  
RJ Allen
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Gulf Region ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
The Common ◽  
Exmouth Gulf

This study was undertaken to assess whether the nutritional quality of spinifex pasture lands is improved by buming to promote the growth of grasses other than spinifex. We selected two comparable sites in the Exmouth Gulf region of Western Australia; one had been bumt in late 1979 and the other had not been burnt for many years. On these sites we sampled the five grass species present, as well as Triodia pungens (soft spinifex) and Plectrachne >chinzii (Oat eared spinifex) on 10 occasions from March 1980 to April 1982. Plant parts were analysed for nitrogen, phosphorus and sulphur content, and in vitro digestibility. None of the common grass species tested was more nutritious or more palatable than soft spinifex. It seems that little is gained from manipulating spinifex pastures through burning if the aim is to encourage alternative grass species. There is a need however for further studies into the importance of woody herbs and forbs in the nutrition of grazing animals on spinifex country and the effect of fire on these species.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Seven Oat (Avena sativa) Genotypes for Biomass Yield and Quality Parameters under Different Locations of Western Oromia, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Abuye Tulu ◽  
Mekonnen Diribsa ◽  
Worku Temesgen
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Digestible Organic Matter

Recognizing the potential and importance of cultivating improved forage crops as a means of tackling the recurrent feed shortage facing the study area, seven oat genotypes were tested in randomized complete block design with three replications across two locations for three growing seasons (2014, 2015, and 2016). The study was aimed to evaluate dry matter (DM) and digestible organic matter yield and nutrient composition of oat genotypes. The study revealed that oat genotypes responded differently for herbage dry matter (DM) and digestible organic matter (OM) yield, and quality parameters in both study locations. Averaged over the seven oat genotypes, herbage DM and digestible OM yield. recorded at Bako were higher than Boneya Boshe location across the study periods. The ash ( P  > 0.05) content did not vary among oat genotypes at both testing locations, while variation was observed for DM, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), in vitro digestibility, and metabolizable energy (ME) constituents. In general, genotypes ILRI 6710 and 5453 showed higher herbage DM and digestible OM yield. Moreover, the two genotypes are also higher in their in vitro digestibility value and ME, DM, and CP contents but relatively lower in NDF, ADF, and ADL fiber constituents, and thus, they are recommended for wider cultivation.

scholarly journals Effect of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Yield and Quality of Synedrella nodiflora (Tropical Weed)

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bambang Suwignyo ◽  
Galih Pawening ◽  
Muhammad Humaidi Haris ◽  
Nafiatul Umami ◽  
Nilo Suseno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Synedrella Nodiflora ◽  
Organic And Inorganic Fertilizers

This study aimed to determine the effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on the cultivation of tropical weed Synedrella nodiflora as forage. The study was conducted from May to July 2018. The treatments of the research were control (C), organic fertilizer (D) and organic fertilizer + urea (DU), with 3 replications that were arranged on experimental design with a completely randomized design, in a unidirectional pattern and continued with least significant different (LSD). Organic fertilizer dosage in this study was 5 tons/ha, while urea fertilizer was 350 kg/ha, with plant spacing was 45x60 cm. The observed parameters were plant height, forage production and chemical composition (5 weeks after planting). Plant height of C, D and DU were 41.59, 47,42, and 50.59 cm respectively. Forage production of dry matter after 5 weeks planting at C, D and DU were 1.69, 1.70 and 2.91ton/ha, with in vitro digestibility values ranging from 51.68 to 57.70% (IVDMD) and 51.71 to 61.98% (OMD) respectively. The chemical composition of native S. Nodiflora were 12.32% of dry matter (DM), 62.45% TDN count for cattle and 67.42% TDN count for sheep. Based on DM, The organic matter was 84.46%, crude protein 20,11%, crude fiber 13.26%, extract ether 7.77%, and nitrogen free extract 37.08%. The combination of organic fertilizer and urea increased the height and fresh and dry matter production S. nodiflora.

THE IN VITRO DIGESTIBILITY AND PROTEIN CONTENT OF LEAF AND STEM PORTIONS OF FORAGES

1965 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 321-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. N. Mowat ◽  
R. S. Fulkerson ◽  
W. E. Tossell ◽  
J. E. Winch
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
Rate Of Decline

The in vitro dry matter digestibility (I.V.D.) of the immature stems of timothy, orchardgrass, and bromegrass was higher than that of the leaves. However the rate of decline of digestibility with advancing maturity was greater with stems. At head emergence the I.V.D. of the leaves of orchardgrass was similar to that of the stems. Wide differences existed, though, in the I.V.D. of leaf and stem fractions of orchardgrass at more advanced stages of growth. Digestibilities of the plant parts of both timothy and bromegrass were not greatly different at any growth stage.The digestibility of leaves of alfalfa decreased only slightly as the season progressed. However, the I.V.D. of the stems declined rapidly early in the season. Unlike the grasses, the stems of alfalfa never attained as high a digestibility as the leaves at the early growth stages.The crude protein content of both leaf and stem portions of the various grass species was similar.As the season progressed, orchardgrass had the highest leaf to stem ratio and bromegrass the lowest. Even within a species, leaf content was a rather poor indicator of digestibility.

Morphological, environmental and management factors affecting nutritive value of tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum)

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (11) ◽  
pp. 1165 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Insua ◽  
M. G. Agnusdei ◽  
S. A. Utsumi ◽  
G. D. Berone
Keyword(s):  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Leaf Age ◽  
Tube Length ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Lolium Arundinaceum ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Leaf Appearance

The aim of this study was to quantify the relative importance of leaf age and leaf length on the dynamics of neutral detergent fibre (NDF), and 24-h in vitro digestibility of NDF (NDFD) and dry matter (DMD) of tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb) Darbysh.). Mini-swards were conditioned and used to conduct two experiments, the first with 4-cm plant stubble height in spring–summer 2009 and autumn–winter 2011, and the second with 4-cm or 10-cm plant stubble height in spring–summer 2011. Plants were harvested at consecutive leaf-appearance intervals to measure nutritive value up to the four-leaf stage. In parallel, leaf morphogenetic traits (appearance, elongation and lifespan) and sheath length of the successive leaves produced on marked tillers were measured. Leaf NDF contents remained stable with increasing leaf age and length but showed a marked variation across seasons. Leaf NDFD and DMD showed a consistent decrease with increasing leaf age and length, and irrespective of growing season or residual pasture height. The negative effect of leaf age and length on digestibility was related to variations in sheath tube length and associated differences in leaf appearance and elongation rates. These findings highlight the relevance of monitoring the sheath tube length as a complementary measure to leaf stage for further management of the NDFD and DMD of grass forages. Although the focus of this study was tall fescue swards, the same morphogenetic implications on forage nutritive value could apply to other temperate and tropical grass species; however, the testing of this hypothesis warrants carefully controlled investigations.

EFFECT OF HARVESTING PRACTICES ON FOLIAGE AND ROOT DEVELOPMENT, DIGESTIBILITY, COLD HARDINESS AND NODULATION OF BIRDSFOOT TREFOIL

1971 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 499-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. LANGILLE ◽  
F. W. CALDER
Keyword(s):  
Cold Hardiness ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Vegetative Stage ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Forage Production

Empire, Leo, Viking and Wallace cultivars of birdsfoot trefoil were evaluated in a greenhouse experiment for total forage production, aerial and root growth, in vitro digestibility, cold hardiness, etiolated regrowth and modulation. Plants were harvested at the vegetative stage (four harvests); 10% bloom (three harvests); 50% bloom (two harvests); and maximum growth (one harvest), at two stubble heights, 2.5 and 7.5 cm. Harvesting at the maximum growth stage produced the most dry matter but the lowest digestibility, with the greatest etiolated regrowth and best nodulation. Production at the vegetative stage produced the least forage which was the most digestible. Empire was the most productive cultivar, with a hardiness rating equal to Leo. At the 10 and 50% bloom stages, Wallace equalled this cultivar in production and there was no difference between the four cultivars in forage production when harvested at the vegetative stage. Viking appeared to be the least hardy of the cultivars examined, although it produced more etiolated regrowth than Empire and Wallace but not as much as Leo. This experiment shows that criteria other than total production must be examined in evaluating birdsfoot trefoil cultivars.

scholarly journals Characterizing Biomass Yield and Nutritional Value of Selected Indigenous Range Species from Arid Tunisia

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2031
Author(s):  
Mounir Louhaichi ◽  
Mouldi Gamoun ◽  
Sawsan Hassan ◽  
Mohamed A. B. Abdallah
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Shrub Species ◽  
Acid Detergent Lignin ◽  
Fodder Yield ◽  
Stipa Lagascae

Rangelands of Tunisia show a great indigenous species diversity with considerable potential as forage for livestock. However, information on their fodder yield and quality is scanty and restricted to few species. The objective of the study was to evaluate the nutritive values of selected key perennial species based on their biomass yield, chemical composition, in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD), and mineral composition. The species evaluated included four grass species (Stipa lagascae Roem. and Schult., Stipa tenacissima L., Stipagrostis plumosa (L.) Munro ex T. Anderson, and Stipagrostis pungens (Desf.) de Winter.) and eight shrub species (Anthyllis henoniana Coss. ex Batt., Argyrolobium uniflorum (Deene.) Jaub. and Spach., Echiochilon fruticosum Desf., Gymnocarpos decander Forssk., Helianthemum kahiricum Delile., Helianthemum lippii (L.) Dum. Cours., Plantago albicans L. and Rhanterium suaveolens Desf.). Results showed that shrub species contained higher concentrations of the crude protein (CP), acid detergent lignin (ADL), but lower neutral detergent fiber (aNDFom) and acid detergent fiber (ADFom) concentrations than grasses. The greatest concentration of CP was 135 g/kg DM for R. suaveolens. The greatest aNDFom concentration was found within the grasses with maximum of 744.5 g/kg DM in S. plumosa. The shrub species E. fruticosum, A. uniflorum, P. albicans, G. decander, R. suaveolens, and A. henoniana had the highest IVOMD with over 500 g/kg DM and have the potential to supply energy to livestock. Overall, the moderate to high protein, low fiber, and high in vitro digestibility measured for shrubs, suggest they have high nutritional values and can be used to enhance local livestock production.

Nutritive value of oats and Sudan grass grown at controlled temperatures

1974 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 89 ◽  
Author(s):  
RW Downes ◽  
KR Christian ◽  
M Freer
Keyword(s):  
High Temperatures ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Tropical Species ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Sudan Grass

Fodder oats (Avena sativa L, cv. Cooba) and Sudan grass (Sorghum sudanense cv. Greenleaf) were grown in pots in glasshouses with day/night temperatures of 27/22 and 21/16°C. Plants were harvested at the emergence of each leaf and at various stages after anthesis. Growth rates and changes in dry matter content, nitrogen, cellulose and in vitro digestibility in oats were similar under both temperature regimes, but more primary leaf and less panicle were formed at the high temperatures. Development of Sudan grass was more rapid at the high temperatures, but production of main shoot, panicle and tillers was much less and the nitrogen contents and in vitro digestibilities were consistently lower than at the low temperatures. Sudan grass produced much more dry matter than oats. Differences in composition were in general not large, though stem digestibility remained higher in Sudan grass after anthesis. Tropical species, because of their efficiency of photosynthesis and water use, warrant further study of their nutritive value as forage crops in temperate regions.

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