WHEAT YIELDS AND SOIL AGGREGATION AFTER PERENNIAL GRASSES IN A SEMI-ARID ENVIRONMENT

1963 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Kilcher ◽  
L. J. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Arid Region ◽  
Arid Environment ◽  
Bromus Inermis ◽  
Soil Aggregation ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Agropyron Cristatum ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Crested Wheatgrass ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

Spring wheat grown the year following breaking of stands of crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum L.) or bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss) in a semi-arid region of the Canadian prairies yielded 17 per cent less than wheat grown on summerfallow in a 2-year wheat-summerfallow rotation. After three successive cycles of the 2-year wheat-summerfallow rotation on the sod breaking, the wheat yields were about equal to those obtained from the check plots. The grasses did not improve soil aggregation any more quickly than that which occurred in the wheat-fallow regime under an adopted strip cropping management.

scholarly journals The painting technique application: an experience of art and science for the semiarid environment knowledge

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1967
Author(s):  
José Falcão Sobrinho ◽  
José Aristires Mesquita Barboza ◽  
Cleie Lima Costa Falcão
Keyword(s):  
Arid Region ◽  
Arid Environment ◽  
Target Audience ◽  
School Students ◽  
Art And Science ◽  
Semiarid Environment ◽  
Painting Technique ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

The research aims to evaluate the use of the painting technique portraying the Ceará semi-arid region environment. In the opportunity, it was possible to apply the painting technique and to verify the understanding of some geographic concepts, according to the students artistic perspective. The target audience was consisted by the Deputy Cesário Barreto Lima school students, located in the district of Taperuaba - Sobral, state of Ceará, precisely in the semi-arid environment. Therefore it was portrayed the environment through canvas paintings. The painting material consisted of soil ink.  Aplicação da técnica da pintura: uma experiência da arte e da ciência para o conhecimento do ambiente semiárido R E S U M OA pesquisa tem por objetivo avaliar o emprego da técnica da pintura retratando o ambiente semiárido cearense. Na oportunidade, foi possível aplicar a técnica da pintura e constatar o entendimento de alguns conceitos geográficos, isso a partir da perspectiva artística dos alunos envolvidos. O público alvo consistiu alunos da E.E.M. Deputado Cesário Barreto Lima, localizada no distrito de Taperuaba-Sobral, estado do Ceará, precisamente no ambiente semiárido. Portanto se retratou o ambiente em questão através de pinturas de quadros. O material para pintura consistiu na tinta de solos.Palavras-chave: Técnica da pintura; Semiárido; Pintura com Solo; Recurso técnico.

scholarly journals Edaphoclimatic Conditions of the Brazilian Semi-Arid Region Affect the Productivity and Composition of Sunflower Oil

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 309
Author(s):  
Valéria Fernandes de Oliveira Sousa ◽  
Gisele Lopes dos Santos ◽  
Josemir Moura Maia ◽  
Carlos Henrique Salvino Gadelha Meneses ◽  
Marília Hortência Batista Silva Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Arid Environment ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

It has been suggested that fatty acid balance in standard sunflower oil may be influenced by the genotype of the plant or by variation in environmental growth conditions. Therefore, this study analysed aspects of sunflower productivity and oil quality obtained from achenes of plants cultivated in a semi-arid environment, resulting from seed obtained from other regions with different edaphoclimatic characteristics. The experiment was conducted between February and May, in a Brazilian semi-arid area. At 90 days after sowing (DAS), the physiological maturation period, tissue was harvested, and the yield of plant green matter, oil and oil per hectare was evaluated. A comparative analysis of the oil content of achenes before and after planting (parental v progeny) was performed. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design of 4 treatments (genotypes), Embrapa122, BRSG01, Helio253 and Helio250, and 4 replications, for a total of 16 experimental plots, with each plot constituting 8 plants. In this study, sunflowers were produced in the climatic conditions of the Brazilian semi-arid region with biomasses, achenes and oil contents that were different from other crop productions in the country, providing the possibility of obtaining oil with a distinct chemical composition.

Nitrogen and phosphorus effects on water use efficiency of spring wheat grown in a semi-arid region of the Canadian prairies

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 573-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Kröbel ◽  
C. A. Campbell ◽  
R. P. Zentner ◽  
R. Lemke ◽  
H. Steppuhn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

Kröbel, R., Campbell, C. A., Zentner, R. P., Lemke, R., Steppuhn, H., Desjardins, R. L. and De Jong, R. 2012. Nitrogen and phosphorus effects on water use efficiency of spring wheat grown in a semi-arid region of the Canadian prairies. Can. J. Soil Sci. 92: 573–587. Water use efficiency (WUE) has often been analyzed for semiarid environments, but fallow-containing cropping systems were assessed inappropriately. Further, these short-term studies are unlikely to correctly assess weather variability impacts in such environments. We assessed the impact of fertilizer N and P on water use efficiency (WUE) and precipitation use efficiency (PUE) of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) from a 39-yr long-term crop rotation study in semi-arid southwestern Saskatchewan. In the rotation experiment, continuous wheat (Cont W) with N+P or P fertilizer only, and fallow-wheat-wheat (F-W-W) with N+P, P only, or N only were studied. We calculated WUE using: (i) Yield (Y)/[water use (WU)/potential water use (PET)]; (ii) Y/WU; (iii) Y/WU with a fallow phase element added; and (iv) Y/harvest-to-harvest precipitation (PUE). The WUEs in the rotation experiment were generally greater for treatments with N+P fertilizer, and greatest after an increase of N application coupled with favourable soil water conditions in the final decades of this study. In cases (i) and (ii), WUE for F-W-W was greater than for the Cont W-treatment. In case (iii), the WUEs were 5.7, 4.5, 3.9, 3.6, and 3.6 kg ha−1 mm−1 water for Cont W (N+P), Cont W (P), F-W-W (N+P), F-W-W (P), and F-W-W (N), respectively. For PUE [case (iv)] the values were 4.0, 3.1, 3.4, 3.0, and 2.9, respectively. We concluded that case (ii) was most appropriate for continuous cropping and case (iii) for systems including fallow, while case (iv) was usable in general.

The Molecular Characterization and Biological Assessment of the Leaves Extracts of Loofah Reveal their Nutraceutical Potential

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takoua Ben Hlel ◽  
Feten Belhadj ◽  
Fatih Gül ◽  
Muhammed Altun ◽  
Ayşe Şahin Yağlıoğlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Hela Cell ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Biological Assessment ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Hela Cell Lines ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

Background:: Luffa cylindrica is a plant that is widely distributed in Africa and Asia and it can be grown in regions with tropical or subtropical climates. Few patents dealt with Loofah biological properties, including some functional foods formulated from its leaves. Objective:: This study aimed to structurally and functionally characterize the bioactive compounds of L. cylindrica leaves grown in two different environments. Methods:: The extracts of L. cylindrica leaves collected from two Tunisian locations: Essouasi (LE), a semi-arid region and Medenine (LM) an arid region, were investigated for their phenolic compounds and fatty acids using HPLC/TOF-MS and GCMS techniques respectively. Furthermore, the antioxidant capacity was evaluated with DPPH, Chelating effect, Hydroxyl radical and Superoxide anion scavenging activities while the anticancer activity against HeLa cell lines was assessed using xCELLigence real time cell analyzer and lactate dehydrogenase cytotoxicity assay. Results:: The antiproliferative capacity of both extracts was time and dose-dependent with LE presenting the lowest HeLa cell index (CI = 0.035 ± 0.018, 250 μg/ml). LE also showed the best cytotoxic capacity (56.49 ± 0.8%) and antioxidant potential (IC50 = 54.41 ± 1.12 μg/ml for DPPH and 12.12 ± 0.07 μg/ml for chelating effet). 14 phenolic compounds were detected in LE with ferulic acid being the major compound (5128.5 ± 4.09 μg Phenols/g) while LM had only 6 phenolics. GCMS analysis showed the presence of omega-3 fatty acids in LE. Conclusions:: Our findings suggest that L. cylindrica leaves, especially when collected from semi-arid regions, are promising for formulating nutraceuticals of interest.

Space-time monitoring of soil organic carbon content across a semi-arid region of Australia

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. e00367
Author(s):  
Patrick Filippi ◽  
Stephen R. Cattle ◽  
Matthew J. Pringle ◽  
Thomas F.A. Bishop
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

scholarly journals Effect of Temperature on Sowing Dates of Wheat under Arid and Semi-Arid Climatic Regions and Impact Quantification of Climate Change through Mechanistic Modeling with Evidence from Field

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 927
Author(s):  
Jamshad Hussain ◽  
Tasneem Khaliq ◽  
Muhammad Habib ur Rahman ◽  
Asmat Ullah ◽  
Ishfaq Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Seasonal Temperature ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Rcp 8.5 ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

Rising temperature from climate change is the most threatening factor worldwide for crop production. Sustainable wheat production is a challenge due to climate change and variability, which is ultimately a serious threat to food security in Pakistan. A series of field experiments were conducted during seasons 2013–2014 and 2014–2015 in the semi-arid (Faisalabad) and arid (Layyah) regions of Punjab-Pakistan. Three spring wheat genotypes were evaluated under eleven sowing dates from 16 October to 16 March, with an interval of 14–16 days in the two regions. Data for the model calibration and evaluation were collected from field experiments following the standard procedures and protocols. The grain yield under future climate scenarios was simulated by using a well-calibrated CERES-wheat model included in DSSAT v4.7. Future (2051–2100) and baseline (1980–2015) climatic data were simulated using 29 global circulation models (GCMs) under representative concentration pathway (RCP) 8.5. These GCMs were distributed among five quadrants of climatic conditions (Hot/Wet, Hot/Dry, Cool/Dry, Cool/Wet, and Middle) by a stretched distribution approach based on temperature and rainfall change. A maximum of ten GCMs predicted the chances of Middle climatic conditions during the second half of the century (2051–2100). The average temperature during the wheat season in a semi-arid region and arid region would increase by 3.52 °C and 3.84 °C, respectively, under Middle climatic conditions using the RCP 8.5 scenario during the second half-century. The simulated grain yield was reduced by 23.5% in the semi-arid region and 35.45% in the arid region under Middle climatic conditions (scenario). Mean seasonal temperature (MST) of sowing dates ranged from 16 to 27.3 °C, while the mean temperature from the heading to maturity (MTHM) stage was varying between 12.9 to 30.4 °C. Coefficients of determination (R2) between wheat morphology parameters and temperature were highly significant, with a range of 0.84–0.96. Impacts of temperature on wheat sown on 15 March were found to be as severe as to exterminate the crop before heading. The spikes and spikelets were not formed under a mean seasonal temperature higher than 25.5 °C. In a nutshell, elevated temperature (3–4 °C) till the end-century can reduce grain yield by about 30% in semi-arid and arid regions of Pakistan. These findings are crucial for growers and especially for policymakers to decide on sustainable wheat production for food security in the region.

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