INSECTICIDE ROW TREATMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF WIREWORMS IN POTATOES

1960 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 178-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Burrage
Keyword(s):  
Potato Crop ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Table Stock ◽  
Potential Damage ◽  
Field Plots

In field plots, where about 20 per cent of the potato tubers were damaged by wireworms in untreated plots, not more than 5 per cent were damaged after band treatments with aldrin or heptachlor dusts, granules, or impregnated fertilizers, applied at 1 or 3 lb. of toxicant per acre during planting. At least 15 per cent of the tubers were damaged after band treatments with chlordane dust at the same rates. Damage after treatments with aldrin or heptachlor dusts applied in the open furrow by hand immediately before planting was similar to that after band treatments at the same rates. Where about 40 per cent of the tubers were damaged in untreated plots, 9 and 15 per cent of the tubers were damaged after band treatments with granular aldrin and heptachlor respectively, each at 3 lb. per acre; 23 and 28 per cent of the tubers were damaged after band treatments with the same insecticides at 1 lb. per acre. Thus, the treatments reduced damage enough to bring the potato crop to top table stock grade, without culling, only where potential damage was light. None of the treatments reduced wireworm numbers more than 75 per cent. None of the treatments increased the yield of tubers. Furrow treatments with aldrin and heptachlor dusts reduced yield in one of two tests, presumably because of phytotoxicity.

Interrelations of Damage to Wheat and Feeding by the Pale Western Cutworm, Agrotis orthogonia Morrison (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

1965 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Jacobson ◽  
L. K. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Wheat Plant ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
The Third ◽  
Potential Damage ◽  
Field Plots ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

AbstractLarvae of the pale western cutworm, Agrotis orthogonia Morrison, were fed on wheat in the laboratory, greenhouse, and in field plots. Larvae did not completely sever the plants until the third-instar. The rate and amount of damage varied directly with size and densities of larvae, temperatures above 15 °C., and soil moisture; and inversely with the age and size of the wheat plant. The findings were related to field conditions to appraise potential damage and the necessity of insecticides for crop protection. Possible procedures are discussed for evaluation of the efficiency of various chemicals in the laboratory and in field plots.

scholarly journals Effect of the Soil Amendments on the Mechanical Harvest of Potato Crop Grown under Centre Pivot Irrigation System

2019 ◽  
pp. 129-149
Author(s):  
Dr. Ibrahim Naser ◽  
Emiliano Olbinado ◽  
Fahad Kasimie ◽  
James Baker
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Soil Amendments ◽  
Moisture Loss ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Final Yield

A field trial was conducted at TADCO to evaluate the mechanical harvest of autumn potato crop under different soil amendments: sand, gypsum, cow manure, and granular sulfur. The application of the sand amendment to the soil of the pivot showed easier mechanical and semi-mechanical harvest. The potato yield under the mechanical harvest was less than semi-mechanical harvest by 15.48% at the different soil amendments. More bruises were observed on the potato tubers harvested by mechanical harvest which ranged 9.34-16.33%, while bruises at semi-mechanical harvest ranged 4.28-4.75%. The final yield of stored potato was less than harvested yield by 10.68, 7.78%, 14.85, 11.08 for the sand, gypsum, cow manure, and sulfur amendments respectively. The stored yield of the different treatments was significantly less than the yield of the test harvest by around 24.03-32.24% at J34 and by 29.64 -56.27% at F18 and this was due to harvest method, cleaning out the damaged potato and moisture loss. The results of this trial highlighted the importance of selecting pivots for growing potato to be with less clay and more sand; also, it highlighted the importance of leaving the wheat straw to decompose in the soil instead of burning to improve the soil structure to be suitable for mechanical harvest. The sand amendment was not suitable for TADCO crop production as it is difficult to apply, need more time to execute besides less productivity. Due to one-month delay in planting potato, the average yield of stored potato from the trial pivots reached 20.2 M.T. /Ha which is significantly less than the yield of stored potato from the other pivots at TADCO of the same season with a range of 27-43 M.T. /Ha.

Evaluation of Different Moisture Depletion Levels for Water Productivity, Yield and Tuber Size of Potato under Drip Irrigation

2020 ◽  
pp. 105-108
Author(s):  
Syed Ijaz ul Hassan ◽  
Muhammad Akram ◽  
Habibullah Habib ◽  
Muhammad Imran ◽  
Muhammad Naveed Ahsan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Tuber Size ◽  
Management Research ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Different Levels

A field experiment comprised of four different levels of management allowable depletion (MAD) of soil moisture for next irrigation to potato crop under drip irrigation was conducted during 2017-18 and repeated during 2018-19 at Water Management Research Farm, Renala Khurd, Okara, Pakistan. Cropwat 8.0 program was used to determine the interval and depth of next irrigation at 15, 30, 45 and 60% MAD of soil moisture. The experiments during both the years were organized in RCBD fashion with four replications. Irrigation to potato crop at 30% MAD level depicted the highest water productivity (17.28 kg/m3), followed by 60%, 15% and 45% MAD levels with water productivity values of 16.90, 16.63 and 14.60 kg/m3, respectively. The highest tuber yield was obtained when potato crop was irrigated at 60% MAD level (28.411 tons ha-1), followed by 30% MAD level (27.998 tons ha-1), 15% MAD level (26.736 tons ha-1) and 45% MAD level (24.081 tons ha-1). The maximum %age of medium sized tubers was achieved by applying irrigation to potato crop at 60% MAD level (65.70), followed by 30% MAD level (65.50), 45% MAD level (64.00) and 15% MAD level (60.50). The incidence of scab was found 2.50%, 2.75%, 3.25% and 3.75% in potato tubers at 15, 30, 45 and 60% MAD level, respectively indicating that the incidence of disease increased slightly with increase in MAD level.

scholarly journals Drought-Induced Regulatory Cascades and Their Effects on the Nutritional Quality of Developing Potato Tubers

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 864
Author(s):  
Letitia Da Ros ◽  
Raed Elferjani ◽  
Raju Soolanayakanahally ◽  
Sateesh Kagale ◽  
Shankar Pahari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Storage Proteins ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Carotenoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Pathway ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Drought Treatment ◽  
Regulatory Cascades

Competition for scarce water resources and the continued effects of global warming exacerbate current constraints on potato crop production. While plants’ response to drought in above-ground tissues has been well documented, the regulatory cascades and subsequent nutritive changes in developing tubers have been largely unexplored. Using the commercial Canadian cultivar “Vigor”, plants were subjected to a gradual drought treatment under high tunnels causing a 4 °C increase in the canopy temperature. Tubers were sampled for RNAseq and metabolite analysis. Approximately 2600 genes and 3898 transcripts were differentially expressed by at least 4-fold in drought-stressed potato tubers, with 75% and 69% being down-regulated, respectively. A further 229 small RNAs were implicated in gene regulation during drought. Expression of several small RNA clusters negatively correlated with expression of their six target patatin genes, suggesting involvement in the regulation of storage proteins during drought. The comparison of protein homologues between Solanum tuberosum L. and Arabidopsis thaliana L. indicated that down-regulated genes were associated with phenylpropanoid and carotenoid biosynthesis. As is indicative of reduced flow through the phenylpropanoid pathway, phenylalanine accumulated in drought-stressed tubers. This suggests that there may be nutritive implications to drought stress occurring during the potato tuber bulking phase in sensitive cultivars.

INFLUENCE OF NATURAL AGRONOMICAL ORE AND GROWTH STIMULANT ON THE QUALITY OF POTATO TUBERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 504-513
Author(s):  
A.A. Tedeeva ◽  
◽  
D.M. Mamiev ◽  
A.A. Abaev ◽  
V.V. Tedeeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Aminobenzoic Acid ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
The North ◽  
Quality Potato ◽  
Growth Stimulant

Basing on many years of research in the mountains, the beneficial effect of zeolite-containing clays (leskenite, alanite) and para-aminobenzoic acid on the improvement of the quality of potato tubers in the mountains of the North Ossetia-Alania has been proved. The purpose of the work is to determine the influence of the above factors on the accumulation of starch and dry matter in tubers of potato varieties (Udacha, Vladikavkazcky, Predgorny, Romano). The novelty is that the beneficial effect of natural agro-ore and para-aminobenzoic acid on the accumulation of starch and dry matter in tubers of different varieties of potatoes has been proved for the first time on mountain meadow soils of the mountain zone. The high efficiency of applying agro ore to the soil has been established, leading to a stable increase in the high-quality potato crop. The counts and observations were carried out according to generally accepted methods described in the “Educational and methodological guide to research in agronomy”. As a result of the use of zeolite-containing clays (leskenite, alanite) and para-aminobenzoic acid, studies on the productivity and marketability of tubers made it possible to conclude that leskenite and alanite, which contain a complex of elements necessary for the development of potato plants, in combination with manure, had an effective effect on the formation of marketability different varieties of potatoes. The use of pure agro-ore and their mixtures with PABA also contributed to the effective impact on the formation of marketability. The application of a planting scheme of 70 × 25 cm for varieties Udacha and Romano in combination with natural agricultural products, manure, growth stimulant (PABA) is optimal for cultivation for seed purposes.

scholarly journals Effect of deficit drip irrigation on yield and water productivity of potato crop

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Ijaz-ul-Hassan ◽  
Arifa Khan ◽  
Shazia Erum
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Water Application ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
The Right ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Adequate Management

On the eve of changing climate, it is expected that there will be a competition to reallocate water for agricultural, industrial and urban needs in near future. Thus, in view of the increased water scarcity, an adequate management for water application is required to maximize water use and increase yield. In this regard, a field trial comprising four deficit drip irrigation treatments on potato crop under drip irrigation was conducted in filed condition using RCB design with four replications. Cropwat 8.0 program was used to determine the interval and depth of next irrigation at 15, 30, 45 60% management allowable depletion (MAD) of soil moisture. The outcomes indicated that irrigation to potato crop at 30% MAD level gave the highest water productivity (17.28 kg/m3) followed by 60, 15 and 45% MAD levels. Maximum %age of medium sized tuber was achieved by applying irrigation to potato crop at 60% MAD level (65.70) followed by 30% MAD level (65.5), 45% MAD (64.0) and 15% MAD level (60.50). The incidence of scab was found 2.50%, 2.75%, 3.25% and 3.75% in potato tubers at 15, 30, 45 and 60% MAD level, respectively. Thus, growers can save the water by adopting this water saving technique without reduction in tuber yield. For proper adaptation of new technique and practice, common farmer of Pakistan should be educated in term of visits to govt. research institutions and adoptive research farms to understand the right step to words better yield.

Use of UV-C radiation for reducing storage losses of potato tubers

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 533-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Jakubowski
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Storage Losses ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Uv C ◽  
Term Storage

Ultraviolet radiation in the C band to limit storage losses of potato was applied. Six edible potato varieties, viz., Lord, Vineta, Owacja, Ditta, Finezja and Tajfun were used as test materials. UV-C radiation was emitted from a 15 W radiator. The wavelength of the light used to irradiate potato tubers was 253,7 nm and the power density from 80 to 100 μW/cm2. The method of reduction of storage losses of potato tubers, based on their exposure to UV-C irradiation, can complement the presently used methods of potato crop protection during long-term storage.

scholarly journals Studies on dissipation of thiamethoxam insecticide in two different soils and its residue in potato crop

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 332-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Kumar ◽  
A. Srivastava ◽  
Chauhan SS ◽  
Srivastava PC
Keyword(s):  
Potato Crop ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Silty Clay Loam ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Different Soils

The dissipation patterns of thiamethoxam insecticide at two different rates (12.5 and 25 µg/g) in both silty clay loam and loam soils were studied. The half lives of thiamethoxam were in the range of 15.0 to 18.8 days in silty clay loam and 20.1 to 21.5 days in loam soil. The residues of thiamethoxam in potato tubers and soil at harvest time (90 days after planting) could not be detected either in soil or in tubers at any of the applied rates (25 and 50 g a.i./ha). Thus, thiamethoxam does not appear to pose any health hazard to consumers or harm to the environment.

Damage Risk: An Evaluation of the Effects of Exposure to 85 versus 90 dBA of Noise

1976 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
James T. Yates ◽  
Jerry D. Ramsey ◽  
Jay W. Holland
Keyword(s):  
White Noise ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Threshold Shift ◽  
Temporary Threshold Shift ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
Potential Damage ◽  
Full Day ◽  
Damage Risk

The purpose of this study was to compare the damage risk of 85 and 90 dBA of white noise for equivalent full-day exposures. The damage risk of the two noise levels was determined by comparing the temporary threshold shift (TTS) of 12 subjects exposed to either 85 or 90 dBA of white noise for equivalent half- and full-day exposures. TTS was determined by comparing the pre- and postexposure binaural audiograms of each subject at 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8 kHz. It was concluded that the potential damage risk, that is, hazardous effect, of 90 dBA is greater than 85 dBA of noise for equivalent full-day exposures. The statistical difference between the overall effects of equivalent exposures to 85 dBA as compared to 90 dBA of noise could not be traced to any one frequency. The damage risk of a full-day exposure to 85 dBA is equivalent to that of a half-day exposure to 90 dBA of noise. Within the limits of this study, TTS t was as effective as TTS 2 for estimating the damage risk of noise exposure.

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