POTASSIUM IN PLANT METABOLISM. I. EFFECTS OF LIGHT ON THE MINERAL COMPOSITION OF NORMAL AND POTASSIUM-DEFICIENT WHEAT SEEDLINGS

1958 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 292-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Potassium Deficiency ◽  
Sand Culture ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Plant Metabolism ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Iron Copper ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Phosphorus Iron

Normal and potassium-deficient wheat seedlings were grown in sand culture under controlled environmental conditions in a growth chamber. Successive crops were subjected to varying photoperiods and light intensities. Chemical analysis of tissues of the 14-day seedlings indicated that any restriction of light intensity or duration resulted in higher levels of potassium in the plant, when potassium was available. Phosphorus decreased with increasing photoperiod. Levels of calcium, magnesium, iron, copper and manganese were not directly related to illumination. Chlorosis due to potassium deficiency showed a correlation with high phosphorus/iron ratios.

POTASSIUM IN PLANT METABOLISM.: II. EFFECT OF POTASSIUM UPON THE CARBOHYDRATE AND MINERAL COMPOSITION OF POTATO PLANTS

1959 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Sand Culture ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Plant Metabolism ◽  
Direct Function ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Sodium Calcium ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Potassium Application

Potato plants grown in sand culture and fed varying quantities of potassium responded with more vegetative growth and produced more and larger tubers as potassium application increased. Seven treatments ranging from complete deficiency to luxury consumption levels resulted in increasing amounts of potassium in all plant tissues and in decreasing amounts of sodium, calcium, magnesium, iron and copper in certain tissues. The amount of starch in the leaves was a direct function of the amount of potassium applied, but the starch content of the tubers was not.

scholarly journals Chemical and Mineral Compositions of Ostrich (Struthio camelus) egg in Southern Guinea Savanna of Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-114
Author(s):  
Rasheed S. Amao
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
National Park ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Iron Copper ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Phosphorus Iron ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Mineral Compositions ◽  
Egg Components

Introduction: Egg quality and its components are important indices to consumers, and the economic success of producers depend on the total number of eggs sold. Egg quality is based on the characteristics of the eggs that affect its acceptability, and the egg components are of nutritional importance. Therefore, the study was carried out to determine the chemical and mineral compositions of ostrich eggs found in southern guinea savannah environ of Nigeria. Methods: Eighty freshly laid eggs were obtained from Ostrich birds in Old Oyo National Park and were used for the experiments. Data were obtained for chemical composition on moisture, carbohydrate, protein, lipid, cholesterol and ash components separately for both albumen and yolk of the eggs while mineral composition observed were Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium, Phosphorus, Iron, copper, Zinc and Manganese. Results: The findings on chemical composition revealed that the protein (17.35), moisture (85.59) and ash contents (1.90) were significantly (p<0.05) higher in albumen than in yolk. The carbohydrate (0.98), lipid (30.47) and cholesterol (13.40) contents mean percentages were higher in yolk than in albumen. The mineral compositions of albumen and yolk of ostrich eggs indicated that the yolk as a content had the higher values of 135.35, 380.40, 20.35, 10.38, 2.25, 1.85 and 2.50 ppms in calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron, copper, zinc and manganese respectively than these variables in albumen while albumen contents was only higher in potassium (160.25 ppm) than in the yolk. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the information provided in this study could be a template of criteria for comparison and improvement for Ostrich eggs in the environment.

Effects of potassium deficiency and simulated acid rain, alone and in combination, on the ultrastructure of Scots pine needles

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 1402-1411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toini Holopainen ◽  
Pekka Nygren
Keyword(s):  
Acid Rain ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Potassium Deficiency ◽  
Simulated Acid Rain ◽  
Sand Culture ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Resting Period ◽  
Lipid Structures ◽  
Parenchyma Tissue

The effects of potassium deficiency and artificial acid precipitation, alone and in combination, on Scots pine (Pinussilvestris L.) needles were studied using transmission electron microscopy. The seedling material was grown in quartz sand culture and watered with nutrient solution containing 45, 20, 10, or 5 mg of potassium/L; the concentration of other nutrients was constant and equally available for all seedlings. A portion of the seedlings from each group received consecutive acidified water spraying of pH 4.5, 4.0, 3.5, and 3.0, each for 4 days with a 3-day resting period between applications. The potassium deficiency caused an increase in the proportional vacuolar space and severe vesiculation of the tonoplast. Irregularly shaped lipid structures increased in number in the cytoplasm, and lipid bodies also appeared in the vacuoles and occasionally in the chloroplasts. The symptoms related to potassium deficiency were more severe in the transfusion parenchyma cells than in the mesophyll. The lowest level of potassium produced almost complete disorganization of the cellular structures in the transfusion parenchyma tissue, but severe changes were also seen in the mesophyll. The simulated acid rain treatment caused the formation of protrusions in the chloroplasts and an increase in irregularly shaped lipid structures in the cytoplasm throughout the mesophyll tissue, but no clear symptoms were observed inside the bundle sheath. In general, the changes caused by acid rain in the chloroplasts were slight and did not cause serious disorganization of these organelles. When the seedlings were exposed to combination treatment, the typical symptoms of both exposures were observable. The results suggest that the stresses caused by potassium deficiency and short-term foliar acid rain treatment can be distinguished in the needle ultrastructure.

scholarly journals Physico-Chemical Analysis of Culture Pond for Induced Pearl Production in Lamellidens marginalis

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijiyata Singh Rathour ◽  
Vijay Kumar Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Pond Water ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Colour Temperature ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Healthy Growth

Bioassay experiments were carried out in order to evaluate values of physico-chemical parameters of the cultured pond water for induced pearl production in Lamellidens marginalis. The pond was located at Botanical garden of Bipin Bihari P.G. College, Jhansi. The parameters included for this study were Colour, Temperature, Transparency, pH, Free CO2 , DO, Total Hardness, Calcium, Magnesium and Total Alkalinity of cultured pond water and to maintain them for the healthy growth of mussels during the whole culture period for obtaining designer pearls.

Elemental concentration in the hair taken from healthy people for the past 20 years — 2. Sex-specific differences and changes with age

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (01n02) ◽  
pp. 29-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Sera ◽  
S. Goto ◽  
T. Hosokawa ◽  
C. Takahashi ◽  
J. Itoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Calcium Concentration ◽  
Elemental Concentration ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
The Past ◽  
Iron Copper ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Iwate Prefecture

A standard-free method for untreated hairs has been applied to quantitative analysis of the hairs taken from 1256 healthy people living in the Iwate prefecture, Japan. It was found that there are clear sex-specific differences in the concentration of some elements. Concentrations of many essential elements, such as calcium, magnesium, iron, copper, zinc and bromine, are clearly higher for female. In particular, calcium concentration is 2.6 times higher for female in comparison with that for male. Contrarily, concentrations of some toxic elements such as chromium, arsenic and mercury are higher for male. On the other hand, concentrations of many elements vary with age. Those of calcium, magnesium and zinc start to increase in the middle of teens and reach maximum in the middle of twenties for female. Mercury concentration increases as the ages advance, while those of chromium, arsenic and lead show no clear changes with age.

scholarly journals CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF AP-MA-05 ARCHAOLOGICAL SITE SOIL IN MACAPÁ- AMAPÁ

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (33) ◽  
pp. 889-902
Author(s):  
N. S. XAVIER ◽  
J. R. M. XAVIER ◽  
J. A. COSTA
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Adjacent Area ◽  
Chemical Identification ◽  
Human Occupation ◽  
Calcium Magnesium

Archaeo anthrosols are soils that record human occupation and can be found in ancient housing settlements known by archaeological sites. This type of soil generally presents distinct characteristics of the surrounding soils due to changes in its chemical properties caused by past human activities and its study helps to understand these activities and the organization of these prehistoric populations. Therefore, the objective of this research was to characterize the soils of the archaeological site AP-MA-05 in relation to its chemical composition, pointing to the alterations suffered as a result of past human activity, in comparison to its adjacent area. The study area is in the municipality of Macapá, Amapá State, on the campus of the Federal University of Amapá (UNIFAP). To reach the objectives, 41 soil samples were collected in two transverse lines in the area of the archaeological site and, for the purpose of comparison in the adjacent area, a trench was opened in which the soils were collected for the pertinent determinations. The chemical identification was measured by pH determination in water, available phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, exchangeable potassium and aluminium, potential acidity. The chemical data showed a great variability in the soils of the archaeological site and superior fertility to the soil of the adjacent area, inferring that the alterations observed in the site are due to the previous human activities as the soils present the same origin. The chemical determinations also indicated the growth of the archaeological site in the south direction, outside the limits established in previous researches.

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