Enhancing biomass production and yield by maintaining enhanced capacity for CO2 uptake in response to elevated CO2

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 1075-1083 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keshav Dahal ◽  
Sarathi M. Weraduwage ◽  
Khalil Kane ◽  
Shezad A. Rauf ◽  
Evangelos D. Leonardos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Dark Respiration ◽  
Co2 Uptake ◽  
Canopy Photosynthesis ◽  
Acclimation Response ◽  
Sink Development ◽  
Source Sink ◽  
Primary Substrate

Dahal, K., Weraduwage, S. M., Kane, K., Rauf, S. A., Leonardos, E. D., Gadapati, W., Savitch, L., Singh, J., Marillia, E.-F., Taylor, D. C., Micallef, M. C., Knowles, V., Plaxton, W., Barron, J., Sarhan, F., Hüner, N., Grodzinski, B. and Micallef, B. J. 2014. Enhancing biomass production and yield by maintaining enhanced capacity for CO2 uptake in response to elevated CO2. Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 1075–1083. Using four model plants, two members of the Gramineae, rye and wheat, and two Brassicaceae, Brassica napus and Arabidopsis thaliana, two fundamental approaches were exploited to determine how regulating source-sink development would alter photosynthesis, productivity and yield during long-term acclimation to elevated CO2. In one approach we exploited the cold acclimation response of winter wheat, rye and B. napus. In the other approach we modified the dark respiration in A. thaliana to alter availability of respiratory substrates required for anabolic processes, such as fatty acid metabolism, thus reducing sink limitations on canopy photosynthesis at elevated CO2. Taken together, the data show the importance of maintaining strong demand from active sinks when the above-ground canopy is being exposed to elevated levels of the primary substrate of photosynthesis, CO2.

Assimilate Source-Sink Relationships in Capsicum annuum L. III. The Effects of Fruit Excision on Photosynthesis and Leaf and Stem Carbohydrates.

1978 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
AJ Hall ◽  
FL Milthorpe
Keyword(s):  
Control Mechanism ◽  
Dark Respiration ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Co2 Uptake ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Co2 Compensation Point ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Internal Co2 ◽  
Source Sink

Removal of the rapidly growing fruit from a Capsicum plant reduced the rate of net CO2 uptake by its leaves by up to 30% during the time period explored (0.5 - 7 days). This reduction was associated with increases in both the leaf (to about 200%) and intracellular (to about 30%) resistances, these changes having about equal effects on reducing the rate of CO2 uptake. Changes in photorespiration, dark respiration and CO2 compensation point were very small. The rate of CO2 uptake and the associated resistances were also changed by modifying the light regime and other factors affecting the source-sink balance. Changes in the leaf resistance were not attributable to variations in the internal CO2 concentration or in the water economy of the leaf; its control mechanism remains unexplained. The concentration of soluble sugars in the source leaf was completely unaffected but that of polysaccharides was changed by defruiting and by 50% defoliation. However, variations in the intracellular resistance were not closely related to these changes and there is yet no evidence of the nature of its control mechanism. Changes in both soluble sugars and polysaccharides in the stem were more pronounced than in the leaves.

scholarly journals CO2 capture and storage by carbonation of biomass ashes

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 192-194
Author(s):  
Stanislav Vassilev ◽  
Christina Vassileva ◽  
Nadia Petrova
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Co2 Capture ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Co2 Uptake ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Co2 Capture And Storage ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Biomass Ashes

The CO2 capture and storage by carbonation of eight short-term stored, long-term stored and weathered biomass ashes was studied. It was found that the CO2 uptake by BAs is up to 2–32% (mean 16%). Hence, the future large-scale sustainable biomass production and combustion can contribute greatly for reducing CO2 emissions in the atmosphere.

Biomass production of weeds on the winter wheat stubble in long-term fertilization field experiment

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 251-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Éva Lehoczky ◽  
András Kismányoky ◽  
Tamás Kismányoky
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Wheat Stubble

scholarly journals Long-term estimation of the canopy photosynthesis of a leafy vegetable based on greenhouse climate conditions and nadir photographs

2021 ◽  
Vol 289 ◽  
pp. 110433
Author(s):  
Koichi Nomura ◽  
Daisuke Yasutake ◽  
Takahiro Kaneko ◽  
Tadashige Iwao ◽  
Takashi Okayasu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leafy Vegetable ◽  
Canopy Photosynthesis ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Greenhouse Climate

Historical aspects and net CO2 uptake for cultivated Crassulacean acid metabolism plants in Mexico

2002 ◽  
Vol 140 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
PARK S NOBEL ◽  
EULOGIO PIMIENTA-BARRIOS ◽  
JULIA ZANUDO HERNANDEZ ◽  
BLANCA C RAMIREZ-HERNANDEZ
Keyword(s):  
Crassulacean Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Co2 Uptake ◽  
Historical Aspects ◽  
Net Co2 Uptake

scholarly journals Coordinated multitissue transcriptional and plasma metabonomic profiles following acute caloric restriction in mice

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Selman ◽  
Nicola D. Kerrison ◽  
Anisha Cooray ◽  
Matthew D. W. Piper ◽  
Steven J. Lingard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Caloric Restriction ◽  
Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Cellular Transport ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Transcriptional Changes

Caloric restriction (CR) increases healthy life span in a range of organisms. The underlying mechanisms are not understood but appear to include changes in gene expression, protein function, and metabolism. Recent studies demonstrate that acute CR alters mortality rates within days in flies. Multitissue transcriptional changes and concomitant metabolic responses to acute CR have not been described. We generated whole genome RNA transcript profiles in liver, skeletal muscle, colon, and hypothalamus and simultaneously measured plasma metabolites using proton nuclear magnetic resonance in mice subjected to acute CR. Liver and muscle showed increased gene expressions associated with fatty acid metabolism and a reduction in those involved in hepatic lipid biosynthesis. Glucogenic amino acids increased in plasma, and gene expression for hepatic gluconeogenesis was enhanced. Increased expression of genes for hormone-mediated signaling and decreased expression of genes involved in protein binding and development occurred in hypothalamus. Cell proliferation genes were decreased and cellular transport genes increased in colon. Acute CR captured many, but not all, hepatic transcriptional changes of long-term CR. Our findings demonstrate a clear transcriptional response across multiple tissues during acute CR, with congruent plasma metabolite changes. Liver and muscle switched gene expression away from energetically expensive biosynthetic processes toward energy conservation and utilization processes, including fatty acid metabolism and gluconeogenesis. Both muscle and colon switched gene expression away from cellular proliferation. Mice undergoing acute CR rapidly adopt many transcriptional and metabolic changes of long-term CR, suggesting that the beneficial effects of CR may require only a short-term reduction in caloric intake.

Short-term plasticity of crassulacean acid metabolism expression in the epiphytic bromeliad Tillandsia usneoides

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Haslam ◽  
Anne Borland ◽  
Howard Griffiths
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Carbon Balance ◽  
Crassulacean Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
Co2 Uptake ◽  
Short Term Plasticity ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Tillandsia Usneoides

This paper originates from a presentation at the IIIrd International Congress on Crassulacean Acid Metabolism, Cape Tribulation, Queensland, Australia, August 2001. The regulation and flexibility of the crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) pathway has been investigated in the 'extreme epiphyte' Tillandsia usneoides (L.). Submerging strands of T. usneoides under water, thereby inhibiting the supply of atmospheric CO2, allowed non-invasive in vivo manipulation of the supply of CO2 during the nocturnal Phase I of CAM. Once the plants were removed from submersion, T. usneoides maintained open stomata, and net CO2 uptake occurred throughout most of the photoperiod. Variability in the expression of CAM allowed T. usneoides to compensate for restricted CO2 availability through Phase I of CAM by adjusting gas exchange rates through the photoperiod and subsequent dark period to maintain a constant internal supply of CO2 in the light. Furthermore, T. usneoides demonstrated a gradual, rather than rapid, change in phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) activation across the day-night cycle, such that PEPC and Rubisco appear to work in tandem in order to maintain carbon balance for this extreme atmospheric bromeliad.

scholarly journals Climate impacts on multidecadal <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> variability in the North Atlantic: 1948–2009

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 15223-15244
Author(s):  
M. L. Breeden ◽  
G. A. McKinley
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Dissolved Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
Co2 Uptake ◽  
Subpolar Gyre ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic

Abstract. The North Atlantic is the most intense region of ocean CO2 uptake. Here, we investigate multidecadal timescale variability of the partial pressure CO2 (pCO2) that is due to the natural carbon cycle using a regional model forced with realistic climate and pre-industrial atmospheric pCO2 for 1948–2009. Large-scale patterns of natural pCO2 variability are primarily associated with basin-averaged sea surface temperature (SST) that, in turn, is composed of two parts: the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) and a long-term positive SST trend. The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) drives a secondary mode of variability. For the primary mode, positive AMO and the SST trend modify pCO2 with different mechanisms and spatial patterns. Warming with the positive AMO increases subpolar gyre pCO2, but there is also a significant reduction of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) due primarily to reduced vertical mixing. The net impact of positive AMO is to reduce pCO2 in the subpolar gyre. Through direct impacts on SST, the net impacts of positive AMO is to increase pCO2 in the subtropical gyre. From 1980 to present, long-term SST warming has amplified AMO impacts on pCO2.

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