Cloning and characterization of the mitochondrial genes Cox II and atpA from ramie (Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaud.) and their possible role in cytoplasmic male sterility

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (7) ◽  
pp. 1295-1304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai-Quan Huang ◽  
Jiu-Dong Liu ◽  
Ji-Qiang Duan ◽  
Xue-Ni Liang ◽  
Fei-Hu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Mitochondrial Genes ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chimeric Genes ◽  
Boehmeria Nivea ◽  
Cms Line

Huang, H.-Q., Liu, J.-D., Duan, J.-Q., Liang, X.-N. and Liu, F.-H. 2012. Cloning and characterization of the mitochondrial genes Cox II and atpA from ramie ( Boehmeria nivea (L.)Gaud.) and their possible role in cytoplasmic male sterility. Can. J. Plant Sci. 92: 1295–1304. In plants, cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is known to be associated with structural changes and the presence of new chimeric genes in mtDNA. In this study, fragments of the Cox II and atpA genes, cloned from mtDNA of three lines (CMS line, its maintainer and restorer lines) of ramie [Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaud.], showed homology of 95% for Cox II and 97% for atpA compared with the reference dicotyledons in GenBank. The whole sequences of these two genes were obtained using the DNA walking strategy. Cox II showed no difference among the three lines in sequences of DNA and deduced amino acids. However, atpA from the CMS line obviously differed from that of fertile lines in DNA sequence, amino acid sequence and secondary structure of the predicted protein. Unusually low expression was revealed via RT-PCR for atpA in the CMS line at the budding and late-bloom stages. In conclusion, the variation in DNA sequence and the encoded product, and/or the abnormal expression of atpA in the CMS line, may cause male sterility in ramie.

Genetic plasticity and its consequences: perspectives on gene organization and expression in plant mitochondria

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 645-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Bonen ◽  
Gregory G. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Plant Mitochondria ◽  
Mitochondrial Genes ◽  
Gene Organization ◽  
Mitochondrial Genomes ◽  
Dna Rearrangements ◽  
Chimeric Genes ◽  
Restorer Genes

Flowering plants have complex mitochondrial genomes that exhibit remarkable plasticity in size and structure. Their recombinogenic nature contributes to a mosaic of DNA sequences, both endogenous and exogenous in origin. This review focuses on the effects that DNA rearrangements have on the organization, structure, and expression of mitochondrial genes in both normal and mutant plants. The association of mitochondrial DNA recombinational events with the phenomenon of cytoplasmic male sterility is highlighted. Key words: chimeric genes, cytoplasmic male sterility, DNA rearrangements, gene expression, genome evolution, mitochondrial genes, nuclear restorer genes.

scholarly journals Mitochondrial genomes organization in alloplasmic lines of sunflower (Helianthus annuusL.) with various types of cytoplasmic male sterility

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maksim S. Makarenko ◽  
Igor V. Kornienko ◽  
Kirill V. Azarin ◽  
Alexander V. Usatov ◽  
Maria D. Logacheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Mitochondrial Genomes ◽  
Alloplasmic Lines ◽  
Cms Line ◽  
Fertile Line

BackgroundCytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is a common phenotype in higher plants, that is often associated with rearrangements in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), and is widely used to produce hybrid seeds in a variety of valuable crop species. Investigation of the CMS phenomenon promotes understanding of fundamental issues of nuclear-cytoplasmic interactions in the ontogeny of higher plants. In the present study, we analyzed the structural changes in mitochondrial genomes of three alloplasmic lines of sunflower (Helianthus annuusL.). The investigation was focused on CMS line PET2, as there are very few reports about its mtDNA organization.MethodsThe NGS sequencing,de novoassembly, and annotation of sunflower mitochondrial genomes were performed. The comparative analysis of mtDNA of HA89 fertile line and two HA89 CMS lines (PET1, PET2) occurred.ResultsThe mtDNA of the HA89 fertile line was almost identical to the HA412 line (NC_023337). The comparative analysis of HA89 fertile and CMS (PET1) analog mitochondrial genomes revealed 11,852 bp inversion, 4,732 bp insertion, 451 bp deletion and 18 variant sites. In the mtDNA of HA89 (PET2) CMS line we determined 27.5 kb and 106.5 kb translocations, 711 bp and 3,780 bp deletions, as well as, 5,050 bp and 15,885 bp insertions. There are also 83 polymorphic sites in the PET2 mitochondrial genome, as compared with the fertile line.DiscussionThe observed mitochondrial reorganizations in PET1 resulted in only one new open reading frame formation (orfH522), and PET2 mtDNA rearrangements led to the elimination oforf777, duplication ofatp6gene and appearance of four new ORFs with transcription activity specific for the HA89 (PET2) CMS line—orf645,orf2565,orf228andorf285.Orf228andorf285are theatp9chimeric ORFs, containing transmembrane domains and possibly may impact on mitochondrial membrane potential. Soorf228andorf285may be the cause for the appearance of the PET2 CMS phenotype, while the contribution of other mtDNA reorganizations in CMS formation is negligible.

scholarly journals Cytoplasmic Male Sterility-Associated Mitochondrial Gene orf312 Derived from Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Cultivar Tadukan

Rice ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayumu Takatsuka ◽  
Tomohiko Kazama ◽  
Kinya Toriyama
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Promising Candidate ◽  
Illumina Hiseq ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Cms Line

Abstract Background Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is a trait associated with non-functional pollen or anthers, caused by the interaction between mitochondrial and nuclear genes. Findings A Tadukan-type CMS line (TAA) and a restorer line (TAR) were obtained by successive backcrossing between the Oryza sativa cultivars Tadukan (a cytoplasmic donor) and Taichung 65 (a recurrent pollen parent). Using Illumina HiSeq, we determined whole-genome sequences of the mitochondria of TAA and screened the mitochondrial genome for the presence of open reading frame (orf) genes specific to this genome. One of these orf genes, orf312, showed differential expression patterns in TAA and TAR anthers at the meiotic and mature stages, with transcript amounts in TAR being less than those in TAA. The orf312 gene is similar to the previously described orf288, a part of which is among the components comprising WA352, a chimeric CMS-associated gene of wild-abortive-type CMS. Conclusions The orf312 gene is a promising candidate for CMS-associated gene in TAA.

scholarly journals Sequence analysis of the mtDNA region correlated with Shaan 2A cytoplasmic male sterility in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 139-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Havlíčková ◽  
V. Čurn ◽  
E. Jozová ◽  
V. Kučera ◽  
M. Vyvadilová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Cms Line ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Improved Cultivars ◽  
Hybrid Cultivar ◽  
Fertility Restorers ◽  
Selection Of

Until now in Europe has not been cultivated any hybrid cultivar of oilseed rape based on the Shaan 2A cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS), a widely used CMS system in China. The aim of Czech breeders now is to produce new, improved cultivars of rapeseed based on this CMS system. Sterile Shaan 2A CMS line (S; rf/rf), its corresponding maintainers (N; rf/rf) and fertility restorers (S; Rf/Rf) were analyzed on molecular level for the presence of functional CMS cytoplasm. Two new primer pairs covering CMS-associated gene (so called orf224-1) present in Shaan 2A CMS line were developed and selection capability of the developed primers was successfully evaluated. These primers can be used for early selection of plants with functional Shaan 2A CMS system in breeding programmes.

scholarly journals Candidate Gene Selection for Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) through Whole Mitochondrial Genome Sequencing

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Wang ◽  
Qiaohua Lu ◽  
Yixin Ai ◽  
Yihao Wang ◽  
Tiantian Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Candidate Gene ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Gene Selection ◽  
Transmembrane Domain ◽  
Genome Structure ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Hybrid Seed Production ◽  
Cms Line

Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS), which is controlled by mitochondrial genes, is an important trait for commercial hybrid seed production. So far, genes controlling this trait are still not clear in pepper. In this study, complete mitochondrial genomes were sequenced and assembled for the CMS line 138A and its maintainer line 138B. The genome size of 138A is 504,210 bp, which is 8618 bp shorter than that of 138B. Meanwhile, more than 214 and 215 open reading frames longer than 100 amino acids (aas) were identified in 138A and 138B, respectively. Mitochondrial genome structure of 138A was quite different from that of 138B, indicating the existence of recombination and rearrangement events. Based on the mitochondrial genome sequence and structure variations, mitochondrion of 138A and FS4401, a Korean origin CMS line, may have inherited from a common female ancestor, but their CMS traits did originate separately. Candidate gene selection was performed according to the published characteristics of the CMS genes, including the presence SNPs and InDels, located in unique regions, their chimeric structure, co-transcription, and transmembrane domain. A total of 35 ORFs were considered as potential candidate genes and 14 of these were selected, with orf300a and 0rf314a as strong candidates. A new marker, orf300a, was developed which did co-segregate with the CMS trait.

Genetic characterization of a new cytoplasmic male sterility system (hau) in Brassica juncea and its transfer to B. napus

2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengjie Wan ◽  
Bing Jing ◽  
Jinxing Tu ◽  
Caozhi Ma ◽  
Jinxiong Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Genetic Characterization

scholarly journals Organelle genome composition and candidate gene identification for Nsa cytoplasmic male sterility in Brassica napus

BMC Genomics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi-Fei Sang ◽  
De-Sheng Mei ◽  
Jia Liu ◽  
Qamar U. Zaman ◽  
Hai-Yan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
Sequencing Technology ◽  
Genome Composition ◽  
Maintainer Line ◽  
Organelle Genomes ◽  
Cms Line

Abstract Background Nsa cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is a novel alloplasmic male sterility system derived from somatic hybridization between Brassica napus and Sinapis arvensis. Identification of the CMS-associated gene is a prerequisite for a better understanding of the origin and molecular mechanism of this CMS. With the development of genome sequencing technology, organelle genomes of Nsa CMS line and its maintainer line were sequenced by pyro-sequencing technology, and comparative analysis of the organelle genomes was carried out to characterize the organelle genome composition of Nsa CMS as well as to identify the candidate Nsa CMS-associated genes. Results Nsa CMS mitochondrial genome showed a higher collinearity with that of S. arvensis than B. napus, indicating that Nsa CMS mitochondrial genome was mainly derived from S. arvensis. However, mitochondrial genome recombination of parental lines was clearly detected. In contrast, the chloroplast genome of Nsa CMS was highly collinear with its B. napus parent, without any evidence of recombination of the two parental chloroplast genomes or integration from S. arvensis. There were 16 open reading frames (ORFs) specifically existed in Nsa CMS mitochondrial genome, which could not be identified in the maintainer line. Among them, three ORFs (orf224, orf309, orf346) possessing chimeric and transmembrane structure are most likely to be the candidate CMS genes. Sequences of all three candidate CMS genes in Nsa CMS line were found to be 100% identical with those from S. arvensis mitochondrial genome. Phylogenetic and homologous analysis showed that all the mitochondrial genes were highly conserved during evolution. Conclusions Nsa CMS contains a recombined mitochondrial genome of its two parental species with the majority form S. arvensis. Three candidate Nsa CMS genes were identified and proven to be derived from S. arvensis other than recombination of its two parental species. Further functional study of the candidate genes will help to identify the gene responsible for the CMS and the underlying molecular mechanism.

Biochemical and functional characterization of ORF138, a mitochondrial protein responsible for Ogura cytoplasmic male sterility in Brassiceae

Biochimie ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 87 (12) ◽  
pp. 1089-1100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yann Duroc ◽  
Catherine Gaillard ◽  
Sophie Hiard ◽  
Marie-Christine Defrance ◽  
Georges Pelletier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Mitochondrial Protein
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