scholarly journals Weed management in cranberry bean with linuron

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (5) ◽  
pp. 881-888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader Soltani ◽  
Robert Nurse ◽  
Christy Shropshire ◽  
Peter Sikkema
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Common Ragweed ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Redroot Pigweed ◽  
Wild Mustard ◽  
Green Foxtail

Soltani, N., Nurse, R. E., Shropshire, C. and Sikkema, P. H. 2011. Weed management in cranberry bean with linuron. Can. J. Plant Sci. 91: 881–888. Field studies were conducted at the Huron Research Station near Exeter, Ontario, in 2006 to 2009 to determine if the sequential application of trifluralin plus imazethapyr applied preplant incorporated (PPI) followed by linuron applied pre-emergence (PRE) at various doses can be used as an effective weed management strategy in cranberry bean production. There was minimal crop injury (6% or less) with various herbicides evaluated at 1 and 4 wk after emergence (WAE). Trifluralin plus imazethapyr applied PPI provided 97 to 100% control of common lambsquarters, 100% control of redroot pigweed, 99 to 100% control of wild mustard, 93 to 100% control of common ragweed, and 97 to 100% control of green foxtail. Linuron applied PRE provided 11 to 100% control of common lambsquarters, 90 to 100% control of redroot pigweed, 78 to 100% control of wild mustard, 71 to 100% control of common ragweed, and 20 to 100% control of green foxtail. The sequential application of trifluralin plus imazethapyr applied PPI followed by linuron applied PRE at various doses provided 100% control of common lambsquarters, 100% control of redroot pigweed, 100% control of wild mustard, 96 to 100% control of common ragweed, and 97 to 100% control of green foxtail. Weed density and shoot dry weight correlated well with the level of weed control. All of the herbicide treatments evaluated increased cranberry bean yield compared with the weedy control. Based on these results the sequential application of imazethapyr plus trifluralin applied PPI followed by linuron applied PRE at 1000 and 2500 g a.i. ha−1 provides a safe and efficacious weed management strategy in cranberry bean production.

Tolpyralate Efficacy: Part 1. Biologically Effective Dose of Tolpyralate for Control of Annual Grass and Broadleaf Weeds in Corn

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 698-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brendan A. Metzger ◽  
Nader Soltani ◽  
Alan J. Raeder ◽  
David C. Hooker ◽  
Darren E. Robinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Biologically Effective Dose ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Wild Mustard ◽  
Low Field ◽  
Green Foxtail

AbstractTolpyralate is a new 4-hydroxyphenyl-pyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD)-inhibiting herbicide for POST weed management in corn; however, there is limited information regarding its efficacy. Six field studies were conducted in Ontario, Canada, over 3 yr (2015 to 2017) to determine the biologically effective dose of tolpyralate for the control of eight annual weed species. Tolpyralate was applied POST at six doses from 3.75 to 120 g ai ha−1and tank mixed at a 1:33.3 ratio with atrazine at six doses from 125 to 4,000 g ha−1. Regression analysis was performed to determine the effective dose (ED) of tolpyralate, and tolpyralate+atrazine, required to achieve 50%, 80%, or 90% control of eight weed species at 1, 2, 4, and 8 wk after application (WAA). The ED of tolpyralate for 90% control (ED90) of velvetleaf, common lambsquarters, common ragweed, redroot pigweed or Powell amaranth, and green foxtail at 8 WAA was ≤15.5 g ha−1; however, tolpyralate alone did not provide 90% control of wild mustard, barnyardgrass, or ladysthumb at 8 WAA at any dose evaluated in this study. In contrast, the ED90for all species in this study with tolpyralate+atrazine was ≤13.1+436 g ha−1, indicating that tolpyralate+atrazine can be highly efficacious at low field doses.

scholarly journals Weed Control in White Bean with Various Halosulfuron Tankmixes

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader Soltani ◽  
Robert E. Nurse ◽  
Christy Shropshire ◽  
Peter H. Sikkema
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Visible Injury ◽  
Common Ragweed ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Redroot Pigweed ◽  
Wild Mustard ◽  
Green Foxtail ◽  
White Bean ◽  
Seed Yields

Four field trials were conducted over a three-year period (2011–2013) in southwestern Ontario to evaluate the level of weed control provided by various halosulfuron tankmixes applied preplant incorporated (PPI) in white bean. Trifluralin, s-metolachlor, halosulfuron, and imazethapyr applied alone or in combination caused 4% or less visible injury 1 and 4 weeks after emergence (WAE) in white bean. Trifluralin, s-metolachlor, halosulfuron, and imazethapyr applied PPI provided 80–96%, 84–95%, 83–100%, and 75–92% control of redroot pigweed; 19–28%, 30–40%, 97–99%, and 73–84% control of common ragweed; 94–96%, 63–82%, 96–100%, and 96–100% control of common lambsquarters; 14-15%, 12–35%, 100%, and 96–97% control of wild mustard; and 96–97%, 95–97%, 53–56%, and 80–82% control of green foxtail, respectively. The two- and three-way tankmixes of halosulfuron with trifluralin, s-metolachlor, or imazethapyr provided 85–100% control of redroot pigweed, 90–98% control of common ragweed, 97–100% control of common lambsquarters, 100% control of wild mustard, and 93–98% control of green foxtail. Weed density, weed biomass and white bean seed yields reflected the level of visible weed control.

Timing and Measurement of Weed Seed Shed in Corn (Zea mays)

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 535-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Forcella ◽  
Dean H. Peterson ◽  
James C. Barbour
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Weed Seed ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Redroot Pigweed ◽  
Seed Processing ◽  
Wild Mustard ◽  
Green Foxtail ◽  
Viable Seeds ◽  
Total Seed

In west central Minnesota the extent and duration of weed seed shed was measured for two years in corn that received cultivation but no herbicides. Percentage of seed production represented by viable (filled) seeds was about 79% for green foxtail, 68% for wild mustard, 49% for Pennsylvania smartweed, 48% for common lambsquarters, and 35% for redroot pigweed. Percentage viable seeds varied from 11% in 1993 to 59% in 1994 for redroot pigweed, but was more stable for other species. Seed shed commenced in late August in a cool year (1993) and early August in a warm year (1994). Average growing degree days (base 10 C) from corn planting until 25% seed shed was 983 for common lambsquarters, 984 for wild mustard, 1004 for Pennsylvania smartweed, and 1034 for both green foxtail and redroot pigweed. Brief weather events, such as wind storms, dispersed large percentages of total seed production within a single day. More than one-fifth of all viable seeds of green foxtail, redroot pigweed, and common lambsquarters were retained by the seedheads and dispersed by combines at harvest. In contrast, seeds of early-maturing species, such as wild mustard, were completely dispersed before corn harvest in the warmer year, but one-third of seeds were retained by seedheads at harvest in the cooler year. Measurement of seed shed was compared using five seed trap designs. The preferred design consisted of a 10-cm-diam plastic cup, whose bottom was replaced by a brass screen, and the entire unit attached to a small wooden stake for support. This design provided, on average, the highest estimates of seed production, least among-replication variability, highest correlation with weed population density and aboveground dry-weight, lowest assembly cost, and greatest ease for sample access and seed processing.

scholarly journals Weed Management in White Bean With Pre-plant Incorporated Herbicides

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Nader Soltani ◽  
Christy Shropshire ◽  
Peter H. Sikkema
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Design Factor ◽  
Common Ragweed ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Wild Mustard ◽  
Green Foxtail ◽  
White Bean ◽  
Bean Yield

Five field experiments were conducted in Ontario Canada during 2018-2020 to determine the level of crop injury, weed control and white bean yield with up to four-way mixtures of herbicides applied preplant incorporated (PPI). The trials were arranged in a factorial design: Factor 1 was “Grass herbicide” including no grass herbicide, trifluralin, S-metolachlor and trifluralin + S-metolachlor and Factor 2 was “Broadleaf herbicide” including no broadleaf herbicide, halosulfuron, imazethapyr and halosulfuron + imazethapyr. At 2 and 4 weeks after emergence (WAE), there was minimal (≤ 4%) white bean injury. At 8 weeks after herbicide application (WAA), trifluralin, S-metolachlor or trifluralin + S-metolachlor averaged across Factor 2 controlled velvetleaf 69, 71 and 62%, respectively; halosulfuron, imazethapyr and halosulfuron + imazethapyr averaged across Factor 1 controlled velvetleaf 75, 95 and 97%, respectively. At 8 WAA, trifluralin, S-metolachlor and trifluralin + S-metolachlor controlled pigweed 93, 90 and 97%, respectively, and halosulfuron, imazethapyr and halosulfuron + imazethapyr controlled pigweed 97, 79 and 98%, respectively. At 8 WAA, trifluralin, S-metolachlor and trifluralin + S-metolachlor provided poor (≤ 32%) control of common ragweed while halosulfuron, imazethapyr and halosulfuron + imazethapyr controlled common ragweed 86, 53 and 87%, respectively. The 4-way tankmix of trifluralin, S-metolachlor, halosulfuron + imazethapyr controlled common ragweed 95%. At 8 WAA, trifluralin, S-metolachlor and trifluralin + S-metolachlor controlled common lambsquarters 81, 38 and 91%, respectively, and halosulfuron, imazethapyr and halosulfuron + imazethapyr controlled common lambsquarters 94, 97 and 99%, respectively. At 8 WAA, trifluralin, S-metolachlor and trifluralin + S-metolachlor provided poor (≤ 46%) control of wild mustard while halosulfuron, imazethapyr and halosulfuron + imazethapyr provided excellent (≥ 97%) wild mustard control. At 8 WAA, trifluralin, S-metolachlor and trifluralin + S-metolachlor controlled barnyardgrass 70, 85 and 94%, respectively, and halosulfuron, imazethapyr and halosulfuron + imazethapyr controlled barnyardgrass 9, 50 and 59%, respectively. At 8 WAA, trifluralin, S-metolachlor and trifluralin + S-metolachlor controlled green foxtail 89 to 98% and halosulfuron, imazethapyr and halosulfuron + imazethapyr controlled green foxtail 19, 69 and 67%, respectively. Weed interference reduced white bean yield 76%. Generally, white bean yield reflected the level of weed control. Based on these results, the 2- and 3-way tankmixes of herbicides evaluated generally provide similar weed control as the 4-way tankmixes.

Biologically effective rate of sulfentrazone applied pre-emergence in soybean

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly D. Walsh ◽  
Nader Soltani ◽  
David C. Hooker ◽  
Robert E. Nurse ◽  
Peter H. Sikkema
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Effective Rate ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Common Ragweed ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Redroot Pigweed ◽  
Green Foxtail

Walsh, K. D., Soltani, N., Hooker, D. C., Nurse, R. E. and Sikkema, P. H. 2015. Biologically effective rate of sulfentrazone applied pre-emergence in soybean. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 339–344. Sulfentrazone is a protoporphyrinogen (PPO)-inhibiting herbicide under evaluation for use in soybean in Ontario, Canada. The primary objective of this study was to determine the dose of sulfentrazone applied pre-emergence (PRE) needed to provide 50 and 90% control of redroot pigweed, common ragweed, common lambsquarters and green foxtail. Seven field trials were conducted over a 3-yr period (2007, 2008 and 2009) in southwestern Ontario to evaluate the efficacy of sulfentrazone applied PRE at doses ranging from 26 to 1120 g a.i. ha−1. The doses of sulfentrazone applied PRE to reduce redroot pigweed, common ragweed, common lambsquarters and green foxtail dry weight by 50% were 104, 139, 15 and 65 g a.i. ha−1; doses of 241, 514, 133 and 721 g a.i. ha−1 of sulfentrazone were required for 90% reduction in above-ground biomass of those weed species, respectively. Sulfentrazone applied PRE caused soybean injury only at 560 and 1120 g a.i. ha−1, with 6 and 13% soybean injury at 4 wk after herbicide application (WAT), respectively. Weed control provided by sulfentrazone applied PRE at a dose of 600 g a.i. ha−1 was sufficient to maintain 90% of the soybean yield compared with the weed-free control. Therefore, PRE application of sulfentrazone has the potential to provide excellent (>90%) control of selected weeds with minimal to no crop injury; however, weed control varied by species, and thus broad spectrum weed control is not feasible using sulfentrazone alone.

Tolpyralate Efficacy: Part 2. Comparison of Three Group 27 Herbicides Applied POST for Annual Grass and Broadleaf Weed Control in Corn

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 707-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brendan A. Metzger ◽  
Nader Soltani ◽  
Alan J. Raeder ◽  
David C. Hooker ◽  
Darren E. Robinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Biologically Effective Dose ◽  
Annual Grass ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Common Ragweed ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Wild Mustard ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Green Foxtail

AbstractTolpyralate is a new Group 27 pyrazolone herbicide that inhibits the 4-hydroxyphenyl-pyruvate dioxygenase enzyme. In a study of the biologically effective dose of tolpyralate from 2015 to 2017 in Ontario, Canada, tolpyralate exhibited efficacy on a broader range of species when co-applied with atrazine; however, there is limited published information on the efficacy of tolpyralate and tolpyralate+atrazine relative to mesotrione and topramezone, applied POST with atrazine at label rates, for control of annual grass and broadleaf weeds. In this study, tolpyralate applied alone at 30 g ai ha−1 provided >90% control of common lambsquarters, velvetleaf, common ragweed, Powell amaranth/redroot pigweed, and green foxtail at 8 weeks after application (WAA). Addition of atrazine was required to achieve >90% control of wild mustard, ladysthumb, and barnyardgrass at 8 WAA. Tolpyralate+atrazine (30+1,000 g ai ha−1) and topramezone+atrazine (12.5+500 g ai ha−1) provided similar control at 8 WAA of the eight weed species in this study; however, tolpyralate+atrazine provided >90% control of green foxtail by 1 WAA. Tolpyralate+atrazine provided 18, 68, and 67 percentage points better control of common ragweed, green foxtail, and barnyardgrass, respectively, than mesotrione+atrazine (100+280 g ai ha−1) at 8 WAA. Overall, tolpyralate+atrazine applied POST provided equivalent or improved control of annual grass and broadleaf weeds compared with mesotrione+atrazine and topramezone+atrazine.

Halosulfuron Tank-Mixes Applied PRE in White Bean

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenyi Li ◽  
Rene C. Van Acker ◽  
Darren E. Robinson ◽  
Nader Soltani ◽  
Peter H. Sikkema
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Visible Injury ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Wild Mustard ◽  
Green Foxtail ◽  
White Bean ◽  
Bean Yield

White bean tolerance and weed control were examined by applying halosulfuron alone or in combination with pendimethalin, dimethenamid-P, orS-metolachlor applied PRE. All herbicides applied alone or in combination caused less than 3% visible injury 1 and 4 wk after emergence (WAE). Halosulfuron applied PRE provided greater than 95% control of common lambsquarters, wild mustard, redroot pigweed, and common ragweed and less than 55% control of green foxtail at 4 and 8 WAE. Weed density and dry weight at 8 WAE paralleled the control ratings. Dry bean yields in halosulfuron plus a soil applied grass herbicide did not differ compared to the weed-free control. Green foxtail competition with halosulfuron PRE applied alone resulted in reduced white bean yield compared to the weed-free control.

Postemergence Weed Control with CGA-277476 and Cloransulam-Methyl in Soybean (Glycine max)

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly A. Nelson ◽  
Karen A. Renner
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Common Ragweed ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Eastern Black Nightshade ◽  
Black Nightshade ◽  
Redroot Pigweed ◽  
Treatment Tank ◽  
Giant Foxtail

Field and greenhouse experiments were conducted to evaluate postemergence (POST) soybean injury and weed control with CGA-277476 and cloransulam-methyl alone and in tank mixtures. In the field, visible soybean injury was 12 to 14% from CGA-277476 and 9 to 13% from cloransulam-methyl 7 d after treatment. Tank mixtures of either herbicide with acifluorfen or acifluorfen plus thifensulfuron were more injurious than CGA-277476 or cloransulam-methyl applied alone. Both CGA-277476 and cloransulam-methyl reduced velvetleaf dry weight 82%, and cloransulam-methyl reduced common ragweed dry weight 92%. Neither herbicide adequately controlled common lambsquarters, redroot pigweed, nor eastern black nightshade. The addition of acifluorfen to the spray solution improved common ragweed, common lambsquarters, redroot pigweed, and eastern black nightshade control with CGA-277476 and improved common lambsquarters, redroot pigweed, and eastern black nightshade control with cloransulam-methyl. Tank mixing thifensulfuron with CGA-277476 or cloransulam-methyl increased common lambsquarters and redroot pigweed control. In the greenhouse, CGA-277476 at 20 g ai/ha reduced velvetleaf dry weight 98%, and 79 g/ha was required to reduce common ragweed dry weight 93%. Cloransulam-methyl at 4.4 g ai/ha reduced velvetleaf dry weight 98% and common ragweed dry weight 94% at 8.8 g/ha. Chlorimuron reduced yellow nutsedge dry weight more than CGA-277476 or cloransulam-methyl. Antagonism of POST graminicide activity by CGA-277476 was grass species and graminicide related. CGA-277476 reduced giant foxtail control by clethodim but not by quizalofop. Cloransulam-methyl tank mixed with clethodim or quizalofop controlled giant foxtail.

Effect of cultivar selection on metribuzin efficacy in field pea (Pisum sativum)

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 531-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Wall
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Sinapis Arvensis ◽  
Wild Mustard ◽  
Cultivar Selection

Field studies were conducted at Morden, Manitoba from 1993 to 1995 to investigate the effect of cultivar selection on the effectiveness of metribuzin {4-amino-6-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-3-(methylthio)-1,2,4-triazin-5(4H)-one} for wild mustard control in field pea. In check plots, Titan, a cultivar with long vines, suppressed wild mustard growth more than Trump, a cultivar with short vines Wild mustard control with metribuzin was more consistent in Titan than in Trump. Metribuzin at 140 g ha−1 (half the full label rate) reduced wild mustard dry weight by 75 to 99% in plots seeded to Titan and by 38 to 88% in plots seeded to Trump. Results suggest that less herbicide is required for weed management in more competitive field pea cultivars. Key words: Cultivars, competitiveness, metribuzin, wild mustard, Sinapis arvensis, yield

Influence of application timing and herbicide rate on the efficacy of tolpyralate plus atrazine

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (03) ◽  
pp. 448-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brendan A. Metzger ◽  
Nader Soltani ◽  
Alan J. Raeder ◽  
David C. Hooker ◽  
Darren E. Robinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Common Ragweed ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Green Foxtail ◽  
Equivalent Control

AbstractEffective POST herbicides and herbicide mixtures are key components of integrated weed management in corn; however, herbicides vary in their efficacy based on application timing. Six field experiments were conducted over 2 yr (2017–2018) in southwestern Ontario, Canada, to determine the effects of herbicide application timing and rate on the efficacy of tolpyralate, a new 4-hydroxyphenyl pyruvate dioxygenase inhibitor. Tolpyralate at 15, 30, or 40 g ai ha−1 in combination with atrazine at 500 or 1,000 g ai ha−1 was applied PRE, early POST, mid-POST, or late POST. Tolpyralate + atrazine at rates ≥30 + 1,000 g ha−1 provided equivalent control of common lambsquarters and Powell amaranth applied PRE or POST, whereas no rate applied PRE controlled common ragweed, velvetleaf, barnyardgrass, or green foxtail. Common ragweed, common lambsquarters, velvetleaf, and Powell amaranth were controlled equally regardless of POST timing. In contrast, control of barnyardgrass and green foxtail declined when herbicide application was delayed to the late-POST timing, irrespective of herbicide rate. Similarly, corn grain yield declined within each tolpyralate + atrazine rate when herbicide applications were delayed to late-POST timing. Overall, the results of this study indicate that several monocot and dicot weed species can be controlled with tolpyralate + atrazine with an early to mid-POST herbicide application timing, before weeds reach 30 cm in height, and Powell amaranth and common lambsquarters can also be controlled PRE. Additionally, this study provides further evidence highlighting the importance of effective, early-season weed control in corn.

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