Genetic variability of Canadian elite cultivars of summer turnip rape (Brassica rapa L.) revealed by simple sequence repeat markers

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (5) ◽  
pp. 865-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y -B. Fu ◽  
R K Gugel
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Sequence Repeat ◽  
Turnip Rape ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Oilseed Breeding ◽  
Genetic Clustering ◽  
Low Erucic Acid ◽  
Simple Sequence

Canadian public oilseed breeding programs have played a leading role in the development of canola-quality Brassica rapa oilseed cultivars, but the genetic variability of the cultivars developed over the past 60 yr is poorly understood. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were applied to assess the genetic variability of 294 plants representing one landrace introduced from Poland ca. 1940 and nine Canadian elite B. rapa cultivars released by Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada since 1964. Application of 18 SSR primer pairs detected 27 likely loci on five or more linkage groups and 123 polymorphic alleles. The allelic frequencies ranged from 0.003 to 0.997 and averaged 0.262. The estimates of mean heterozygosity for these cultivars ranged from 0.126 to 0.197 and averaged 0.165. Significant decreases of SSR alleles and average dissimilarities were observed over the 60 yr of breeding effort. The proportion of total SSR variation residing among the cultivars was 10.4%; between high vs. low erucic acid cultivars 5% and between high- vs. low-glucosinate cultivars 5%. Pairwise genetic differentiation ranged from 0.025 to 0.184 and averaged 0.104. Genetic clustering of these cultivars revealed AC Sunbeam to be a genetically unique cultivar, and two distinct groups of the other nine cultivars were separated by high- vs. low-glucosinate content. Several distinct genotypes, largely derived from the landrace Polish, were identified. These findings are useful for broadening the genetic base of elite B. rapa germplasm, selecting genetically diverse genotypes for synthetic and hybrid combinations, and conserving this germplasm.Key words: Simple sequence repeat, turnip rape (summer), Brassica rapa, genetic diversity, genetic relationship, genetic structure

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Traditional Greek and Cypriot Melon Cultigens (Cucumis melo L.) Based on Simple Sequence Repeat Variability

HortScience ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (7) ◽  
pp. 1820-1824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanouil N. Tzitzikas ◽  
Antonio J. Monforte ◽  
Abdelhak Fatihi ◽  
Zacharias Kypriotakis ◽  
Tefkros A. Iacovides ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Structure Analysis ◽  
Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Sequence Repeat ◽  
Population Structure Analysis ◽  
Simple Sequence

Seventeen simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used to assess the genetic diversity and population structure among traditional Greek and Cypriot melon cultigens (Cucumis melo L.). All SSR markers were polymorphic with a total number of 81 alleles, whereas all cultigens could be distinguished with at least one SSR, except cultigens 43 and 41. Reference accessions showed larger genetic variability with an average of four alleles per locus and 0.65 gene of diversity compared with an average of 2.47 alleles per locus and 0.30 of gene diversity for the Greek/Cypriot cultigens. Observed heterozygosity was very low, indicating a lack of outcrossing, at least in recent times. Unrooted neighbor-joining tree analysis and population structure analysis clustered the cultigens and the reference genotypes into five groups. All cultigens could be distinguished; the Cypriot cultigens were more closely related to the inodorus ‘Piel de Sapo’, whereas the Greek cultigens were located in an intermediate position between the inodorus ‘Piel de Sapo’ and the cantalupensis ‘Védrantais’. The cultigen ‘Kokkini’ was the most divergent among the Greek and Cypriot cultigens. This association between geographic origin and genetic similarity among Greek and Cypriot cultigens indicates geographic isolation. Most of the cultivars from the same cultivar group (i.e., inodorus, cantalupensis) clustered together, but some exceptions were found, suggesting that former inodorus landraces would have been transformed to cantalupensis as a result of intercrossing and further selection by farmers. Results of population structure analysis support mixing between cantalupensis and inodorus. ‘Agiou Basileiou’, an inodorus cultigen, was assigned to the subpopulation IV/II of which II is a pure cantalupensis subpopulation. Greek and Cypriot melon cultigens were developed from a broader germplasm base than western Mediterranean cultivars and exhibited useful for melon breeding programs genetic variability.

Genetic diversity of Canadian elite summer rape (Brassica napus L.) cultivars from the pre- to post-canola quality era

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y -B. Fu ◽  
R K Gugel
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Gene Pools ◽  
Sequence Repeat ◽  
Low Erucic Acid ◽  
Simple Sequence ◽  
Canola Quality

The development of canola quality Brassica napus oilseed cultivars was a major achievement of Canadian public oilseed breeding programs. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were applied to assess the genetic diversity of 300 plants representing one landrace introduced from Argentina in 1943, seven Canadian elite cultivars developed and released by Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada since 1954, and two European cultivars that were the source of the low erucic acid and low glucosinolate traits that define canola quality. Application of 22 SSR primer pairs from eight linkage groups detected 88 polymorphic alleles from 33 likely loci. The allelic frequencies in 300 samples ranged from 0.003 to 0.993 and averaged 0.388. The estimates of mean heterozygosity for these cultivars ranged from 0.055 to 0.203 and averaged 0.139. The most SSR variation was detected in the cultivars Argentine, Golden and Oro. A trend of decline in SSR variation was observed over the years of breeding effort. The proportion of total SSR variation residing among the cultivars was 51.4%; between high vs. low erucic acid cultivars 15% and between high vs. low glucosinolate cultivars 21.2%. Pairwise genetic differentiations among these cultivars ranged from 0.140 to 0.819 and averaged 0.500. Cluster analysis revealed that the genetic relationships of these cultivars were consistent with their known pedigrees. These findings are useful for broadening the genetic base of improved B. napus gene pools, selecting genetically diverse genotypes for hybrid combinations, and conserving summer rape germplasm.Key words: Simple sequence repeat, summer rape, Brassica napus, genetic diversity, genetic relationship, genetic structure

scholarly journals Genetic variability analysis of faba bean accessions using Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
María E Salazar-Laureles ◽  
Delfina de J. Pérez-López ◽  
Andrés González-Huerta ◽  
Luis M Vázquez-García ◽  
Ernestina Valadez-Moctezuma
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Sequence Repeat ◽  
Variability Analysis ◽  
Simple Sequence

Microsatellite-based evaluation of Ribes spp. germplasm

Genome ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (10) ◽  
pp. 839-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Cavanna ◽  
D. Torello Marinoni ◽  
G. L. Beccaro ◽  
G. Bounous
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Initial Study ◽  
Microsatellite Analysis ◽  
Sequence Repeat ◽  
Microsatellite Data ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Plant Collections ◽  
Ribes Spp ◽  
Simple Sequence

There is a lack of published microsatellite data which characterizes Ribes spp. To address this, an initial study of simple sequence repeat (SSR) variation was undertaken in 41 cultivars belonging to four species of the genus Ribes to evaluate its genetic variability. The cultivars were collected in Piedmont, northwest Italy, together with one cultivar from Switzerland. Twenty SSRs were screened for amplification and polymorphism. Seven failed to amplify, and therefore the remaining 13 were selected and used to fingerprint all the cultivars. Microsatellite analysis resulted in the identification of 38 genotypes, suggesting the existence of possible clonal genotypes and synonyms. Among the cultivars analyzed, two tetraploid accessions were found. The evaluation of genetic variability in Ribes is of fundamental importance for future nutritional breeding programs and to preserve genetic resources, as cultivar characterization permits better management of plant collections.

Simple Sequence Repeat and S-locus Genotyping to Explore Genetic Variability in Polyploid Prunus spinosa and P. insititia

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Júlia Halász ◽  
Noémi Makovics-Zsohár ◽  
Ferenc Szőke ◽  
Sezai Ercisli ◽  
Attila Hegedűs
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
S Locus ◽  
Sequence Repeat ◽  
Prunus Spinosa ◽  
Simple Sequence
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