Effect of irrigation management on yield and water use efficiency of timothy hay in southern Alberta

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 1075-1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Efetha ◽  
T Dow ◽  
R H McKenzie ◽  
D R Bennett ◽  
R A Hohm
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Treatment Effect ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Southern Alberta ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Consistent Treatment

Timothy hay production for export markets has recently expanded on the Canadian prairies. Irrigation management information for timothy production is limited; therefore, irrigation practices to achieve optimum dry matter (DM) yield and water use efficiency (WUE) of timothy hay were investigated from 2005 to 2007 near Bow Island and Picture Butte, Alberta. Treatments were defined by managing irrigation using 0.25-m, 0.50-m, 0.75-m, and 1.00-m root zone depths with an allowable moisture depletion of 50% of available soil moisture. The 0.25-m root zone treatment resulted in greater first-cut timothy DM yield than the 1.00-m root zone treatment at Bow Island. The 0.50-m root zone treatment resulted in greater first-cut timothy DM yield than the 0.25-m root zone treatment at Picture Butte. Treatment effect on the second-cut DM yield was not significant. Water use for the first-cut crop was significantly greater for the 0.25-m root zone treatment at Bow Island and for the 0.50-m root zone treatment at Picture Butte than the other treatments in 2006 and 2007. There was no consistent treatment effect with the second-cut crop water use. The treatment effect with the first-cut WUE was not significant and there was no consistent treatment effect with the second-cut WUE. Use of a shallow root zone depth (0.25-0.50 m) for irrigation management could optimize first-cut timothy production for export, but producers may need to avoid irrigating the second-cut crop to conserve water for other efficient uses in southern Alberta. Key words: Irrigation management, dry matter, timothy, Phleum pretense, root zone, water use efficiency, allowable depletion, available moisture

scholarly journals Effect of Partial Root-Zone Drying Irrigation Technique (PRD) on the Total Dry Matter, Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Potato under Tunisian Semi-Arid Conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Béchir Ben Nouna ◽  
Mourad Rezig ◽  
Hassouna Bahrouni ◽  
Haroun Ben Ammar
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Cropping Season ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Use Efficiency

<p>Three field experiments were conducted in the plot of Technical Centre for Potato and Artichoke during three cropping season  2009, 2010 and 2011.The objective of this research is to evaluate the effect of the partial root-zone drying irrigation technique (PRD) on the dry matter, yield, water consumption and water use efficiency of potato (Spunta Variety). Four treatments were applied from the initiation of tuberisation stage to potato harvesting: FI treatment received 100% of Etc; PRD<sub>80</sub>, PRD<sub>70</sub>, and PRD<sub>60</sub> treatments received respectively: 80, 70 and 60% of FI at each irrigation event and it was shifted between the two sides of the plants every 2 to 10 days. The highest water consumption was observed in FI as 336.5, 376, and 341.8 mm in the 2009, 2010 and 2011 respectively, and the lowest was found in PRD<sub>60</sub> as 280.4, 294.5, and 256.1 mm in the 2009, 2010 and 2011 respectively. The maximum tuber yield was obtained from the FI as 25.6, 42.9 and 39.1 tha<sup>-1</sup>, in the 2009, 2010 and 2011 respectively. There was no significant difference between FI and PRD<sub>60</sub> with respect to tuber yields (LSD 5%).The highest water use efficiency (WUE<sub>Y</sub>) was found in PRD<sub>60</sub> as 13.4 kg m<sup>-3</sup>, in the second experiment (2010) and the lowest was found in PRD<sub>80</sub> as 6.8 kg m<sup>-3</sup> in the first experiment (2009). In the other hand, a linear relation between the accumulated total dry matter and the accumulated water consumption was able to be revealed.</p>

Stubble height effects on microclimate, yield and water use efficiency of spring wheat grown in a semiarid climate on the Canadian prairies

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. W. Cutforth ◽  
B. G. McConkey
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
The Other ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Use Efficiency

In the semiarid region of the western Canadian prairies, seeding directly into standing cereal stubble is gaining popularity. This four year study was conducted at Swift Current, SK, to determine how seeding into tall (>30 cm high), short (about 15 cm high) and cultivated cereal stubble altered the microclimate thereby affecting the growth and yield of hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The treatments were deployed immediately before seeding on plots that had overwintered with tall stubble. Seeding wheat into tall stubble increased grain yield and water use efficiency by about 12% compared to wheat seeded into cultivated stubble. Yield and water use efficiency for wheat seeded into short stubble were intermediate to the other stubble treatments. As well, wheat seeded into tall stubble grew taller than wheat seeded into the cultivated stubble. Further, there was a tendency for spring wheat grown in tall stubble to produce more dry matter and more leaf area, to have a lower proportion of dry matter as leaves and a higher proportion as stems, and to have a lower harvest index than the other treatments.Growing season evapotranspiration (ET) was not affected by stubble height. When the seedlings were small, compared to cultivated stubble, tall stubble altered the microclimate near the soil surface by reducing the daily average windspeed, soil temperature, and incoming solar radiation, and increasing the reflected solar radiation. Throughout much of the growing season, potential ET at the soil surface, measured with minilysimeters, was significantly lower in the tall stubble. Tall stubble, compared to cultivated stubble, increased the proportion of ET that was transpired by the wheat. As well, reduced windspeeds and increased photosynthetic area may have increased the efficiency of net carbon assimilation. To increase grain yields, producers in the semiarid prairies who direct-seed spring wheat are advised to seed into stubble left standing as tall as practical (at least 30 cm). Key words: Standing stubble, wheat, microclimate, water use, yield

Water use efficiency and fruit quality of table grape under alternate partial root-zone drip irrigation

2008 ◽  
Vol 95 (6) ◽  
pp. 659-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taisheng Du ◽  
Shaozhong Kang ◽  
Jianhua Zhang ◽  
Fusheng Li ◽  
Boyuan Yan
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Table Grape ◽  
Use Efficiency

scholarly journals INFLUÊNCIA DA COBERTURA MORTA NA EVAPOTRANSPIRAÇÃO, COEFICIENTE DE CULTIVO E EFICIÊNCIA DE USO DE ÁGUA DO MILHO CULTIVADO EM CERRADO

Irriga ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 352
Author(s):  
HIPÓLITO MURGA-ORRILLO ◽  
WELLINGTON FARIAS ARAUJO ◽  
CARLOS ABANTO RODRIGUEZ ◽  
RICARDO MANUEL BARDALES LOZANO ◽  
ROBERTO TADASHI SAKAZAKI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Crop Coefficient ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Crop Cycle ◽  
Use Efficiency

INFLUÊNCIA DA COBERTURA MORTA NA EVAPOTRANSPIRAÇÃO, COEFICIENTE DE CULTIVO E EFICIÊNCIA DE USO DE ÁGUA DO MILHO CULTIVADO EM CERRADO HIPÓLITO MURGA-ORRILLO1; WELLINGTON FARIAS ARAÚJO2; CARLOS ABANTO-RODRIGUEZ3; ROBERTO TADASHI SAKAZAKI4; RICARDO MANUEL BARDALES-LOZANO5 E ANA ROSA POLO-VARGAS6 1Engenheiro Agrônomo, Prof. Auxiliar, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Chota, (UNACH), Jr. Gregorio Malca Nº 875- Campus Colpa Matara, Chota, Perú. [email protected] Agrônomo, Prof. Dr. Associado da UFRR/CCA, Boa Vista, RR. [email protected] Florestal, Investigador no Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana, Carretera Federico Basadre, Km 12,400, Yarinacocha, Ucayali, Perú. [email protected] Agrônomo, Doutorando na UFRR/CCA, Boa Vista, RR. [email protected] Agrônomo, Doutorando na UFRR/Bionorte, Boa Vista, RR. [email protected] Agrônoma, Graduada na Universidad Nacional de Cajamarca, (UNC), Av. Atahualpa Nº 1050- Carretera Cajamarca-Baños del Inca, Cajamarca, Perú. [email protected]  1 RESUMOA irrigação consome grande quantidade de água, sendo importante um adequado manejo da cultura para minimizar esse consumo, maximizando a produção. No intuito de obter informações para o manejo da irrigação, objetivou-se com o presente trabalho determinar a evapotranspiração da cultura (ETc), o coeficiente de cultivo (Kc) e a eficiência do uso de água (EUAg) da cultura de milho, em solo com e sem cobertura, durante os diferentes estádios de desenvolvimento, utilizando lisímetros de drenagem. O experimento foi conduzido no campus Cauamé da Universidade Federal de Roraima, entre 19/04/2014 e 07/08/2014, em Boa Vista, RR. A evapotranspiração de referência (ETo) foi estimada pelo método de Penman-Monteith FAO. Os resultados da ETc do milho, durante o ciclo da cultura, em solo sem e com cobertura foram de 421,5 e 351,0 mm, respectivamente. As médias diárias de ETc foram de 4,1 mm dia-1 para solo sem cobertura e 3,4 mm dia-1 para solo com cobertura. A cobertura do solo propiciou valores diferentes de Kc's para o milho, nos mesmos estádios, em comparação aos Kc’s do solo descoberto. Para o solo descoberto, os Kc’s observados para os estádios fenológicos I, II, III, e IV, foram de 0,40; 0,84; 1,59 e 0,81, respectivamente. Já para solo com cobertura, os Kc’s pelos mesmos estádios em menção foram 0,28; 0,64; 1,49 e 0,48, respectivamente. A EUAg para solo com cobertura foi 1,77 kg m-3 e para solo sem cobertura foi 1,65 kg m-3. Estes resultados mostram que a cobertura morta no solo influenciou no consumo hídrico do milho durante todo seu ciclo. Palavras-chave: Zea mays. Irrigação. Solo coberto. Consumo hídrico.  MURGA-ORRILLO, H.; ARAÚJO, W. F.; ABANTO-RODRIGUEZ C.; SAKAZAKI, R. T.; BARDALES-LOZANO R. M.; POLO-VARGAS, A. R.MULCH INFLUENCE ON EVAPOTRANSPIRATION, CROP COEFFICIENT AND WATER USE EFFICIENCY OF CORN GROWN IN THE SAVANNAH   2 ABSTRACTIrrigation consumes large amounts of water, and minimizing consumption and maximizing the production are  important to a proper crop management . In order to obtain information for irrigation management, the aim of the present study was to determine evapotranspiration (ETc),  crop coefficient (Kc) and  water use efficiency (WUE) of maize grown in soil with and without cover, during the various stages of development, using drainage lysimeters. The experiment was conducted in Cauamé campus of the Federal University of Roraima, from 19/04/2014 to 08/07/2014, in Boa Vista, RR. The reference evapotranspiration (ETo) was estimated by the Penman-Monteith method. The results of the corn ETc during the crop cycle in soil with and without coverage were 421.5 and 351.0 mm, respectively. The daily average of ETc were 4.1 mm day-1 for bare soil and 3.4 mm day-1 for soil with cover. The ground cover led to different values of Kc's for corn in the same stages as compared to Kc's from the bare ground. For bare soil, the Kc's observed for the phenological stages I, II, III, and IV were 0.40; 0.84; 1.59 and 0.81, respectively. As for covered soil, the Kc's in the same stadiums mentioned were 0.28; 0.64; 1.49 and 0.48, respectively. The WUE to soil with cover was 1.77 kg m-3 and ground without cover was 1.65 kg m-3. These results show that  soil mulching influenceS maize water consumption throughout its cycle. Keywords: Zea mays. Irrigation. Ground covered. Water consumption.

scholarly journals EFEITO DE DIFERENTES LÂMINAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO NAS VARIÁVEIS DE DESENVOLVIMENTO E PRODUÇÃO DO CAFEEIRO IRRIGADO POR PIVÔ CENTRAL

Irriga ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 528-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Rossi Vicente ◽  
Everardo Chartuni Mantovani ◽  
ANDRÉ LUÍS TEIXEIRA FERNANDES ◽  
FÁBIO TEIXEIRA DELAZARI ◽  
EDMILSON MARQUES FIGUEREDO
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Center Pivot ◽  
Irrigation Depth ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Level Of Significance

EFEITO DE DIFERENTES LÂMINAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO NAS VARIÁVEIS DE DESENVOLVIMENTO E PRODUÇÃO DO CAFEEIRO IRRIGADO POR PIVÔ CENTRAL  MARCELO ROSSI VICENTE1; EVERARDO CHARTUNI MANTOVANI2; ANDRÉ LUÍS TEIXEIRA FERNANDES3; FÁBIO TEIXEIRA DELAZARI4 E EDMILSON MARQUES FIGUEREDO5 1 Instituto Federal do Norte de Minas Gerais, Salinas, MG, [email protected] Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, [email protected] Universidade de Uberaba, Uberaba, MG, Fábio Teixeira Delazari, [email protected] Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, [email protected] Bahia Farm Show, Luís Eduardo Magalhães, BA, [email protected]  1      RESUMO O presente trabalho foi conduzido com objetivo de avaliar o efeito de diferentes lâminas de irrigação nas variáveis de produção, estádios maturação de frutos e eficiência no uso da água pela cultura do cafeeiro irrigado por pivô central equipado com emissores LEPA, na região Oeste da Bahia. Realizou-se o trabalho na fazenda Café do Rio Branco, localizada em Barreiras - BA em cafeeiros adultos da variedade Catuaí IAC 144. O experimento obedeceu ao delineamento de blocos casualizados, composto de cinco tratamentos correspondentes à 70, 85, 100, 125 e 150% da lâmina de irrigação determinada pelo software Irriplus. As produtividades, os estádios de maturação dos frutos e eficiência no uso da água do cafeeiro foram submetidos à análise de variância e regressão, em que os modelos foram escolhidos baseados na significância dos coeficientes de regressão utilizando-se o teste t de 1 a 10% de probabilidade. Diante dos resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir que, a produtividade da cultura do café foi expressivamente dependente da lâmina de água aplicada, sendo que a maior produtividade (60 sc ha-1) foi alcançada com a lâmina de irrigação acumulada de 661 mm ano-1, correspondente à 96% da lâmina de irrigação determinada pelo software Irriplus. A lâmina que proporcionou a máxima porcentagem de frutos cereja (44,1%) foi de 723 mm ano-1 (105%). A lâmina que proporcionou a maior eficiência no uso da água foi de 480 mm ano-1 (70%). Palavras-Chave: Coffea arabica, manejo da irrigação, emissor LEPA, uso eficiente da água.  VICENTE, M. R.; MANTOVANI, E. M.; FERNANDES, A. L. T.; DELAZARI, F. T.; FIGUEREDO, E. M.EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF IRRIGATION DEPTHS   ON GROWTH AND PRODUCTION VARIABLES OF COFFEE UNDER CENTER PIVOT  IRRIGATION     2        ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different irrigation depths on yield, ripening stages and water use efficiency by the   coffee crop irrigated by center pivot with LEPA emitters in western Bahia. The experiment was carried out at the Café Rio Branco farm, in Barreiras city, Bahia state, using  adult coffee trees of cv. Catuaí IAC 144. A completely randomized block design was used with five treatments consisting of 70, 85, 100, 125 and 150 % of ETc, determined by the Irriplus software.  Data of yield, fruit ripening stage and water use efficiency were evaluated   using analyses of variance  and regression. Models were chosen based on level of significance of   regression coefficients using the Student´s t-test, 1 to  10% probability.  Based on the results,  coffee crop yield was highly dependent on  the water depth applied. The highest yield (3.6 ton/ha) was achieved  using accumulated irrigation depth of 661 mm year -1 (96 % of Etc).  Water depths of   723 mm year-1 (105 %) and 480 mm year-1 (70% ETc)  provided the highest percentage of cherry fruit (44.1%) and the highest water use efficiency, respectively. Keywords: Coffea arábica, irrigation management, LEPA emitter, water use efficiency.

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