Optimizing harvest schemes to improve yield and feeding quality in chickpea

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yantai Gan ◽  
Alan D Iwaasa ◽  
Myriam R Fernandez ◽  
Ray McVicar
Keyword(s):  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Harvest Management ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Late Maturity ◽  
Short Growing Season

Late maturity often causes substantial losses in yield and quality of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in the short growing season in western Canada. This study determined optimum harvest management practices to minimize losses due to late maturity. Kabuli chickpea was grown in southwestern Saskatchewan from 2002 to 2004, and seed and straw were harvested with various harvest management practices. Seed yield in 2004 was higher compared with 2002 and 2003, but the 2004 seed samples had a high percentage of shrivelled and green seeds. Seed yield, weight per seed and harvest index (HI) were highest when the crop was directly combined at natural maturity either before or after a killing (-5°C) frost. On average, swathing at early or late maturity stages decreased seed yield, weight per seed and HI significantly compared with direct combine practices. Seeds from the swathing treatments had high percentages of green and shrivelled seeds with high levels of fungal colonization. Both seed and straw from swathing had the poorest feeding quality measured as neutral detergent fibre, acid detergent fibre, and organic matter content and digestibility. Desiccation of chickpea plants with Reglone or low dosages of glyphosate when 80% of pods had turned colour did not advance plant maturity, nor did they affect seed yield or HI compared with direct combine practices. It is concluded that in the short growing season in western Canada, harvest of chickpea at natural maturity either prior to or after a killing frost may optimize the seed yield and quality. Regardless of harvest practices, the quality of both seed and straw in chickpea may be suitable as salvage feed materials for beef livestock. Key words: Cicer arietinum, desiccation, direct-combine, maturity, glyphosate stress, swath, salvage feed

A review of sulphur fertilizer management for optimum yield and quality of canola in the Canadian Great Plains

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukhdev S. Malhi ◽  
Jeff J. Schoenau ◽  
Cynthia A. Grant
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
S Deficiency ◽  
S Fertilizers

In the Parkland region of the Canadian prairies, Canola (Brassica napus L. or Brassica rapa L.) is an important cash crop. Canola has a high requirement for sulphur (S). However, many soils in this region are deficient or potentially deficient in plant-available S for optimum canola seed yield. Application of sulphate-S at about 15–30 kg S ha-1 is usually sufficient to prevent S deficiency in canola on most of the S-deficient soils. Application of sulphate-S to canola at seeding time gives the highest increase in yield and S uptake. Deficiencies of S in canola plants can be prevented and/or corrected and seed yield improved with the use of sulphate-S fertilizers in the growing season. Application of sulphate-S at bolting can substantially restore seed yield, while an application at early flowering can moderately correct S deficiency damage. Side-banding is the most effective way to apply sulphate-S fertilizers to produce maximum seed yield and to prevent any damage to canola seedlings from seed-row placement. In relatively moist areas, broadcast-incorporation methods can produce seed yield similar to side-banding in most years. Elemental S fertilizers were not effective in increasing seed yield in the year of application, and were generally less effective than sulphate-S fertilizer even after multiyear annual applications, especially when applied in spring. Autumn-applied elemental S was more effective than spring-applied elemental S. Banding delayed availability of elemental S as compared to broadcast application. Use of granular elemental S products is not reliable for optimum seed yield of canola under Canadian prairie conditions on S-deficient soils, particularly in the initial year and with spring application or band placement. Elemental S fertilizers may have a role to maintain or build-up sulphate-S levels in soils marginally low in S where residual benefits are desirable, but management decisions should consider both immediate and long-term effects of S fertilizer on seed yield, seed quality and economics. The findings suggest the need of future research to increase dispersion and distribution of S particles from granules for faster oxidation of elemental S in soil, and to develop elemental S fertilizer products/formulations that can be used on a commercial scale to prevent and/or correct S deficiency in the growing season to optimize seed yield and quality of canola. Research is also required to determine the long-term effects of balanced application of S with other nutrients on soil quality, accumulation and distribution of nitrate-N, sulphate-S and other nutrients in the soil profile, efficiency of nutrient, water and energy use, and crop diseases. More research should be conducted in relation to soil/plant tissue testing issues for optimum seed yield and quality of canola. Key words: Balanced fertilization, canola, elemental S fertilizers, method of application, rate of S, seed quality, seed yield, sulphate-S fertilizers

scholarly journals Influence of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) Agronomic Traits, Essential Oil and Components under Semi-Arid Climate

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1427
Author(s):  
Gulen Ozyazici
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Coriandrum Sativum ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Biological Yield

Environmental contamination and the excessive use of inorganic fertilizers resulting in stagnant yields of field crops which necessitate the utilization of combined fertilization approach under changing climatic conditions. Current study was aimed to clarify the influence of several fertilizer sources (chemical, organic, organomineral fertilizers) on yield and quality of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.). The results revealed that the fertilizer sources significantly affected the yield of coriander cultivars. The absence of “Year x Variety x Fertilizer Type” interactions for any of the noted parameters signaled that the detected “Variety x Fertilizer Type” interactions were constant regardless of the year factor. The recorded values of traits according to fertilizer sources different for the plant height from 61.85 to 69.67 cm, number of branches from 5.98 to 7.71 (piece/plant), number of umbels per the main umbel from 5.62 to 7.18 pieces, seed yield from 1.06 to 1.66 t/ha, the biological yield from 4.29 to 5.70 t ha−1, harvest index from 25.29 to 29.41%, essential oil ratio from 0.29 to 0.33%, and essential oil yield from 3.1 to 5.6 L ha−1. Erbaa variety was observed to be superior over the rest of the varieties producing the maximum values of 6.5 L ha−1 of essential oil, 0.36% essential oil content, 30.9% harvest index, 1.81 t/ha seed yield, and 5.9 t ha−1 biological yield with the treatment of chemical fertilizers.

scholarly journals Plant spacing and pollen quantity on yield and quality of squash seeds

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcio S. de Lima ◽  
Antonio I. I. Cardoso ◽  
Marcelo F. Verdial
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Pollen Quantity

Squash seeds yield and quality can be improved by proper population plant spacing and the pollen quantity, which influences the pollination quality and fertilization. Nine experiments were conducted as a factorial combination of three spacing between plants (0.8 x 0.3, 0.8 x 0.6 and 0.8 x 0.9 m), two quantities of pollen (50% of an anther and another entire one) and natural insect pollination. Seed and fruit production parameters, and seed quality were evaluated. A randomized complete block design, five replications, with ten plants per plot was adopted. Larger plant spacing increased the average number of mature fruits and seed yield per plant. Seed yield was directly proportional to the amount of pollen used during pollination. Higher amounts of pollen resulted in higher seed yield per area, but the plant spacing did not affect this characteristic. Manual pollination, using a whole anther, did not differ from natural pollination in relation to seed yield and quality.

scholarly journals Foliar application of silicon and the effect on wheat seed yield and quality

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Rigo Segalin ◽  
Caroline Huth ◽  
Thais D'Avila Rosa ◽  
Diógenes Barella Pahins ◽  
Liliane Marcia Mertz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Wheat Seed ◽  
Germination Test ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Physiological Quality

Adequate nutrients for plants are important for increasing the yield and quality of the seeds produced. The objective of this study was to evaluate foliar fertilization with silicon in wheat and its effect on seed yield and physiological quality. Treatments consisted of two silicon dosages (three and six liters silicon per hectare) and the control (no silicon) and five wheat cultivars: OR "Quartzo", OR "Ônix", Fundacep "Linhagem", Fundacep "Campo Real" and Fundacep "Horizonte". The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replications. After physiological maturity, harvesting and threshing of the seeds were done manually. Seed samples were evaluated for yield and physiological quality from the germination test, first germination count, seedling dry weight, accelerated aging, electrical conductivity, 1000 seeds and hectoliter weights. The results showed that the foliar application of silicon at the dosages tested did not affect the yield and physiological quality of the seeds produced by the wheat cultivars.

scholarly journals Influence of off-season land management on maximizing yield and quality of Curcuma longa L. cultivars

1970 ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
A. ANBURANI
Keyword(s):  
Land Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Polyethylene Film ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Randomized Block Design

The present investigation was carried out to study the effect of off season soil management practices on yield and quality of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) cultivars. The experiment was laid out in a Factorial Randomized Block Design with ten treatments in three replications consisted of five off-season land management treatments viz., fallow (S1), summer ploughing 2 times (S2), summer ploughing 1 time (S3), solarization with transparent polyethylene film of 0.05 mm thick for 40 days (S4) and black polyethylene film for 40 days (S5). It was tested with two popular cultivars viz., Curcuma longa -1 CL-1 (V1) and Curcuma longa-2 CL-2 (V2), collected from Erode and Chidambaram. Various yield components were recorded at the time of harvest and were analysed. The yield attributing characters viz., number, length, girth and weight of mother, primary and secondary rhizomes were recorded. The treatment where solarization with transparent polyethylene film of 0.05 mm thick was tested recorded the highest yield and yield attributing characters when compared to other treatments. The same treatment also exhibited the highest fresh rhizome yield per plant, curing percentage and cured rhizome yield. The quality parameters like curcumin, oleoresin and essential oil content were also showed superior performance in the treatment where solarization with transparent polyethylene film of 0.05 mm thick was applied.

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