The effect of dietary menhaden meal and storage on the omega-3 fatty acids and sensory attributes of egg yolk in laying hens

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Nash ◽  
R. M. G. Hamilton ◽  
K. A. Sanford ◽  
H. W. Hulan
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Sensory Data ◽  
Egg Yolks ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Soybean Diet ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acids

The effect of dietary menhaden meal (MM) on production and egg yolk lipids of commercial White Leghorn hens was studied for 350 d. One hundred and ninety-two birds were given a corn-wheat-soybean diet that contained either 0, 4, 8, or 12% MM. Analysis of the egg yolks at four periods in the laying cycle (162, 211, 254, and 289 d) was performed on the fresh and stored (4 wk at 4 °C, [Formula: see text]) egg yolks. Sensory evaluation was performed on fresh eggs collected at the end of the laying cycle (448 d).Production whether measured as hen-day or hen-housed, increased linearly with the inclusion of MM in the diets. The level of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids increased 10- and 2.6-fold to give levels of 9 and 95 mg yolk−1, respectively. Storage had no effect (P > 0.05) on these parameters. Sensory data suggested that the level of MM in the diets of laying hens should be between 4 and 8% in order to avoid off-flavours in eggs. Key words: Menhaden meal, laying hens, omega-3 fatty acids, storage, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid

scholarly journals Feeding Fish Oil and Linseed Oil to Laying Hens to Increase the n-3 PUFA in Egg Yolk

2008 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 561-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Kralik ◽  
Z. Škrtić ◽  
P. Suchý ◽  
E. Straková ◽  
Z. Gajčević
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Pufa Ratio ◽  
Omega 6 ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Egg Yolks

The research was carried out to assess the possibility of egg yolk enrichment with n-3 PUFA through supplementation of fish oil (FO) and linseed oil (LO) to layer diet. A total of 84 ISA Brown laying hens were divided into three groups. Each group consisted of seven cages with four hens per cage. Groups received diets differing in combinations of oils. The diet fed to group E1 contained 1.50% LO and 3.5% FO, group E2 had diets with 2.5% LO and 2.5% FO, and group E3 was fed diets with 3.5% LO and 1.5% FO. Contents of fatty acids in oils, diets and egg yolks were analyzed. The egg yolk content of α-linolenic acid (α-LNA) and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) in total fatty acids was increased (P < 0.001) due to the increased content of linseed oil in hen diet and it was the most favourable in group E3. In groups E1, E2 and E3, the α-LNA content was 3.25%, 4.33% and 5.18%, respectively, and the n-3 PUFA content was 6.80%, 7.22% and 8.50%, respectively. The content of eicosapentaenoic acid was higher (P < 0.05) in egg yolks of group E1 than that of groups E2 and E3. No significant differences (P > 0.05) were found among groups in the docosahexaenoic acid content. The omega-6/omega-3 PUFA ratio in groups E1, E2 and E3 was 2.96, 2.93 and 2.49, respectively. Increased concentration of linseed oil and reduced concentration of rapeseed oil in diets resulted in less SFA (P < 0.001) and more n-3 PUFA in egg yolks. It was determined that laying hens have the ability to synthesize EPA and DHA from α-LNA if they receive enough α-LNA through their diets.

scholarly journals Feeding Laying Hens Seal Blubber Oil: Effects on Egg Yolk Incorporation, Stereospecific Distribution of Omega-3 Fatty Acids, and Sensory Aspects

2004 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 462-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Schreiner ◽  
H.W. Hulan ◽  
E. Razzazi-Fazeli ◽  
J Böhm ◽  
C. Iben
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Seal Blubber Oil

scholarly journals Enriching table eggs with omega-3 fatty acids by using ground flaxseed or a combination of flax cake and flaxseed oil in the diet of laying hens

2021 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-409
Author(s):  
Jovo Perić ◽  
◽  
Milanka Drinić
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Flaxseed Oil ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Ground Flaxseed

The purpose of the study was to investigate the potential of feeding laying hens with ground flax, a combination of flax cake and flax oil in the production of eggs enriched with omega-3 fatty acids. The experiment was set up using 192 laying hens divided into 4 groups: the control group; a group fed with flaxseed cake (10%) + flaxseed oil (2%); a group fed with 5% ground flax, and a group fed with 10% ground flax. Each group had 8 cages housing 6 laying hens, that is, a total of 48 laying hens per group. The Haugh unit values, fat content, Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) values, yolk color parameters and yolk fat content were measured at the end of 5th and 10th weeks of the trial. The results of this study showed that omega-3 enriched dietary treatments had an impact on the results obtained for the amount of total fat in the yolk, and the results of the TBARS test. The results presented show that the average amounts of alpha linoleic (ALA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) fatty acids in egg yolk were influenced by the nutritional treatments, i.e. the laying hens that were fed with mixtures enriched with 5% and 10% ground flaxseed, as well as 10% flaxseed cake + 2% flaxseed oil, had significantly (P<0.05) higher amounts of ALA and DHA in their egg yolk compared to the laying hens in the control group.

scholarly journals Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Fecundation, Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (03) ◽  
pp. 160-164
Author(s):  
Carlos Alberto Politano ◽  
Jorge López-Berroa
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Fetal Development ◽  
Premature Delivery ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acids ◽  
Long Chain

AbstractLong-chain omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), such as the eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids, have been linked to human health in all stages of life, from fetal development to aging. These PUFAs act as precursors for various metabolites involved in the prevention of certain diseases. The recognizable effects of these supplements prior to pregnancy (oocyte maturation), during pregnancy (improvement in the risk of premature delivery, among others) and in the offspring (in terms of cognitive function and the approach to neurodevelopmental disorders) are described in the present narrative review. We concluded that the diffusion of these supplements may improve the prognosis of these patients in a simple, effective way, and with high safety rates.

scholarly journals Fatty Acid Composition and β-Carotene Content in Egg Yolk of Laying Hens Fed with Linseed, Paprika and Marigold

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 15-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nedeljka Spasevski ◽  
Dušica Čolović ◽  
Slađana Rakita ◽  
Predrag Ikonić ◽  
Olivera Đuragić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sunflower Meal ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Natural Pigments ◽  
Egg Yolks ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Β Carotene

SummaryEggs enriched with n-3 fatty acids and natural pigments are desirable in human food chain due to numerous benefits for health. In this study, we investigated the effects of inclusion of co-extruded linseed and sunflower meal into laying hens’ diet and replacement of synthesized pigment with paprika and marigold flower as sources of natural pigments. Four hundred 18–wk-old Bovan laying hens divided in two groups (control and experiment) were fed for 12 weeks. Fatty acids and β-carotene were monitored every fourth week and successively analyzed. Significantly (p<0.05) increased content of α-linolenic acid in egg yolk in the experimental group in comparison to the control group was observed with addition of linseed, paprika and marigold in laying hens’ nutrition. Nearly the same tendency was observed in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) content. Supplementation of the co-extruded linseed and sunflower meal into laying hens’ diet demonstrated significantly (p<0.05) lower n-6/n-3 FA ratio in experimental group compared to control group. The obtained results showed that the synthetic pigment added to laying hens’ diet provided better pigmentation of egg yolks after one and two months of the feeding trial than paprika and marigold flower. The concentration of β-carotene in egg yolks increased in experimental group after three months of the treatment, and that was the first time that concentrations of β-carotene did not significantly (p < 0.05) differ among control and experimental group, which shows that paprika and marigold flower as sources of natural pigments can successfully replace synthetic pigment. We shall continue research in this field with other supplemented mixtures, as there are indices for other potential feed enhancements among oily seeds and herbs.

Effect of omega-3 fatty acids, docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic, on norepinephrine-induced contractions

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 675-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary B. Engler
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Contractile Response ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Free Medium ◽  
Vascular Responses ◽  
Rat Thoracic Aorta ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acids

The relaxant responses of the rat thoracic aorta to omega-3 fatty acids, docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic, on norepinephrine- and potassium-induced contractions were investigated. Relaxation was enhanced in vessels contracted with norepinephrine. Docosahexaenoic acid at concentrations as low as 1, 3, and 10 μM evoked significant relaxant responses (15, 23, 30%) in norepinephrine-contracted vessels as compared with responses (5, 9, 12%) in potassium-contracted vessels. Results for eicosapentaenoic acid under similar conditions were 3, 8, and 19% in norepinephrine-contracted vessels and 3, 3, and 8% in potassium-contracted vessels. Pretreatment with eicosapentaenoic (10 μM) or docosahexaenoic acids (1–10 μM) decreased the contractile response to physiologic concentrations of norepinephrine. In the presence of calcium-free medium, the omega-3 fatty acids (1–30 μM) significantly abolished sustained norepinephrine contractions but did not reduce the phasic contractions when incubated prior to norepinephrine contraction. Comparatively, the effects of docosahexaenoic acid were greater than eicosapentaenoic acid. These findings suggest that the relaxant effects of the omega-3 fatty acids are specific to the mode of contraction, i.e., α-adrenoceptor stimuli. This effect may be related to intracellular calcium mechanisms, since both fatty acids reversed norepinephrine-induced sustained contractions in the absence of extracellular calcium.Key words: omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, vascular responses, fish oils.

scholarly journals The effect of astaxanthin and lycopene on the content of fatty acids in chicken egg yolks

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 568-571
Author(s):  
L. V. Shevchenko ◽  
V. A. Davydovych ◽  
V. O. Ushkalov ◽  
S. V. Midyk ◽  
V. M. Mykhalska
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Palmitoleic Acid ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Lipid Fraction ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Eicosenoic Acid ◽  
High Line ◽  
Egg Yolks ◽  
Chicken Eggs

Carotenoids that do not have provitamin activity – lycopene and astaxanthin can accumulate in the yolks of chicken eggs and give them colour, as well as affect the metabolism of lipids and fatty acids, which determine the biological value and functional capacity of such products. The aim of this study was to determine the fatty acid composition of egg yolk lipids by adding oily extracts of lycopene (20, 40 and 60 mg/kg feed) or astaxanthin (10, 20 and 30 mg/kg feed) to the diet of laying hens. 45 High Line W36 chickens at the age of 24 weeks were used for the experiment. It was found that the addition of lycopene at doses of 20, 40 and 60 mg/kg and astaxanthin at doses of 10, 20 and 30 mg/kg of feed for 30 days did not significantly affect the ratio of saturated and most monounsaturated fatty acids in egg yolks and Σ SFA and Σ MUFA. Lycopene at a dose of 20 mg/kg of feed reduced the content of cis-11-eicosenoic acid, and astaxanthin at a dose of 10 mg/kg of feed reduced the content of palmitoleic acid by increasing the proportion of cis-10-heptadecenoic acid in the lipids of egg yolks. Addition of lycopene to the feed of laying hens at a dose of 20 mg/kg of feed caused a decrease in the particles of linoleic, which belongs to ω6 PUFA, and cis-eicosenoic acids. Astaxanthin enrichment of the diet of laying hens at a dose of 30 mg/kg reduced the proportion of cis-4,7,10,13,16,19-docosahexaenoic acid, which belongs to ω3 PUFA, in the lipids of the yolks. Σ PUFA decreased in the lipid fraction of yolks only under the influence of lycopene supplements at a dose of 20 mg/kg of feed. Feeding of laying hens with lycopene and astaxanthin supplements did not affect Σ ω3 PUFA and Σ ω6 PUFA. Lycopene at a dose of 20 mg/kg decreased, and astaxanthin at a dose of 30 mg/kg of feed increased ω3/ω6 PUFA in lipids of egg yolks. The results of the research can be used to select oils in combination with carotenoids of natural origin in the diet of chickens during the creation of a model of enrichment of egg yolks by individual representatives of ω3 PUFA and ω6 PUFA.

Effect of supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids on hypertriglyceridemia in pediatric patients with obesity

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 811-819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blanca E. Del-Río-Navarro ◽  
América L. Miranda-Lora ◽  
Fengyang Huang ◽  
Margareth S. Hall-Mondragon ◽  
José J. Leija-Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Serum Triglyceride ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Effective Option ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acids

Abstract Background The beneficial effects of treating hypertriglyceridemic adults with omega-3 fatty acids have been reported. However, information regarding omega-3 treatment of pediatric patients is limited. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of administering omega-3 fatty acids (3 g/day for 12 weeks) to children/adolescents with obesity and hypertriglyceridemia. Methods A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel study involving pediatric patients (10–16 years old) with obesity and hypertriglyceridemia was conducted. The National Center for Health Statistics (CDC) defines obesity as a body mass index (BMI) ≥95th percentile. Subjects with triglyceride concentrations ranging from 150 to 1000 mg/dL were randomized into two groups: those receiving omega-3 fatty acids (eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids) (n = 65) and those receiving a placebo (n = 65) for 12 weeks. Serum triglyceride concentrations were always measured from 8 to 9 am after a 12-h fast. Results By the end of treatment, triglyceride concentrations had decreased by 39.1% in the omega-3 group and 14.6% in the placebo group (p < 0.01). The incidence of adverse gastrointestinal events (e.g. flatulence, belching) was 41.2% and 6.2% in the omega-3 and placebo groups, respectively (p < 0.01). There were no serious drug-related adverse events. Conclusions Supplementation with 3 g/day of omega-3 fatty acids is a safe and effective option for treating hypertriglyceridemia in children and adolescents with obesity.

scholarly journals Effects of feeding laying hens diets supplemented with omega 3 fatty acids on the egg fatty acid profile

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 679-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Sefer ◽  
A. Andonov ◽  
S. Sobajic ◽  
R. Markovic ◽  
S. Radulovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Supplementation ◽  
Egg Yolks ◽  
Experimental Group

In order to investigate the effects of omega (n) 3 fatty acids on egg quality a group-control trial was organized. Trial lasted 40 days and was performed in production conditions. Total number of 1264 laying hens of Lohman Brown classic provenience were used and randomly allotted into one of four groups by 316 hens each (C-control, I experimental, II experimental and III experimental). All groups of hens were fed diets of standard ingredients and chemical composition, while feed of I, II and III experimental group of hens was supplemented with micro algae Schizochytrium spp. (DHA Gold?, Martek, USA) as a source of n- 3 fatty acids in amount of 0.5, 0.7 and 1.0 % respectively. In order to investigate the influence of micro algae Schizochytrium spp. feed supplementation on egg quality, from the aspect of content and ratio of fatty acids, random egg samples (n=10) were taken at the 10th, 20th and 40th day of the trial from each group. Egg yolk fatty acid content was determined by gas chromatography on Varian 1400 with flame ionization detector (FID detector) (on a packed column 20% LAC-3R-728 Chromosorb WAW 80-100 mesh). Significant differences in egg yolk fatty acid content as well as their ratio were determined between treatment groups. Positive influence of supplemented micro algae preparation was observed. Highest content of n-3 poly unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA n-3) was determined in egg yolks of III experimental group while lowest content was determined in egg yolks of control group of hens. Micro algae feed supplementation, at the end of the trial period, positively affected egg yolk PUFA n-6/PUFA n-3 ratio, since determined ratio of 4.24 in III experimental group was more desirable than 12.27 determined in a control group. Marine algae (Schizochytrium spp.) feed supplementation in laying hens in amounts above 0.5% significantly affected egg yolk fatty acid composition as well as ratio of n-6/n-3 PUFA. These findings support its use from nutritive, medical and economic point of view.

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