Reasons for disposal of cows in a purebred Hereford and two multibreed synthetic groups under range conditions

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 751-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. F. Arthur ◽  
M. Makarechian ◽  
R. T. Berg ◽  
R. Weingardt
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Reproductive Failure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Calf Survival ◽  
The Mean

Reasons for disposal were determined for 983 cows from a purepred Hereford and two multibreed synthetic groups; all were born in the 1966–1975 period. One synthetic group (Beef Synthetic #1) was composed mainly of beef breeds, while the other synthetic group (Dairy Synthetic) had 64% dairy breeding. The cows were managed under a stringent culling policy under which any cow failing to wean a calf each year was culled. Cows were also culled for unsoundness and other defects. The mean longevity was 4.2 yr, with 16 yr being the maximum age attained by any cow. The highest percentage of cows was disposed as 2-yr olds (first calvers). Death losses accounted for 8.8%, while culling for reproductive failure, calf survival problems, calving problems and udder problems accounted for 51.3, 12.1, 10.9 and 7.7% of all disposals, respectively. Culling for reproductive failure was the major reason for disposal at all ages, although its relative importance diminished with advancing age. Culling for udder problems was of greatest significance in 6-yr-old and older cows. Culling for calf survival problems was higher (P < 0.05) in the Hereford than in the two synthetic groups. While mortality in the Dairy Synthetic group was higher (P < 0.05) than in the other two groups, the reverse was the case with respect to culling for severe calving problems, with Dairy Synthetic cows being culled the least (P < 0.05). Key words: Beef cattle, longevity, mortality, culling, breed

The valuation of elephant sightings in protected areas.

2021 ◽  
pp. 191-203
Author(s):  
Andrea Saayman ◽  
Melville Saayman
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Contingent Valuation ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Big Five ◽  
The Other ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Preferred Species

Abstract The research presented in this chapter determines the value that tourists on safari in protected areas in South Africa attach to elephant sightings and the relative importance of the elephant sighting compared with the other species in the Big Five. The study also determines whether tourists take the increased poaching of elephants - also in South Africa - into account when revealing their choice. Using information from five surveys conducted at different parks in South Africa from 2011 to 2013 and again in 2019, the elephant was found to be the fourth preferred species in the Big Five. The exception is Addo Elephant National Park, where the elephants are the second most preferred species. To determine the value that tourists attached to a sighting, contingent valuation was used. Although approximately a quarter to a third of respondents indicated positive amounts for a sighting across the years, the mean willingness to pay (WTP) reflects the scarcity of the species. The elephant is relatively abundant in all the parks and, in many instances, much easier to spot than the leopard or lion. It is therefore not surprising that the mean valuation of a sighting is much lower than that of the leopard and lion throughout all the years. Although tougher economic conditions in the country also influence WTP, it was found that tourists to South Africa's National Parks do not yet take the increased poaching of elephants into account when revealing their choice, nor in their valuation.

scholarly journals Prevalencia de síndrome de burnout en los estudiantes de la Carrera de Enfermería de la Universidad Central del Ecuador

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 38-54
Author(s):  
Luzmila De Jesús Carvajal Andrade ◽  
◽  
Belén del Rocío Logacho Villacís ◽  
Ramiro Rogelio Rojas Jaramillo ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Nursing School ◽  
The Other ◽  
Burnout Syndrome ◽  
Information Analysis ◽  
Academic Burnout ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
The Mean

This research has been conducted in order to determine the Prevalence of the burnout syndrome among students from third to eighth semester who are attending the Nursing School. It was a prevalence study; the data were collected using the survey’s technique, in a questionnaire divided in five sections applied to 172 students. The information analysis was calculated using the Mean method and the Standard Deviation for the Academic burnout, while for the Labor burnout it was utilized the punctuation of: high, medium and low scales. The outcome results showed that the prevalence of the burnout Syndrome in both academic and labor was low. The 2.3 % of students had the Academic burnout, (Confidence interval: 95%, lower limit: 0.44% and upper limit: 4.21%) with a probability of 3.52%, on the other hand the Labor burnout was of 4% among students in the shifting internship, with a probability of 1.22%. Key words: Syndrome burnout, Stress, nursing.

scholarly journals [Interaction Factors with Al-Quran in The Appreciation Process of Students’ Religious Lives in Ukm ] Faktor Interaksi dengan al-Quran dalam Proses Penghayatan Kehidupan Beragama Pelajar-Pelajar UKM

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-93
Author(s):  
Hasnan Kasan ◽  
Mohd Fadzhil Mustafa ◽  
Siti Sarah Haimi ◽  
Umar Faruk
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Quantitative Method ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
T Test ◽  
The Other ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Interaction Factors ◽  
The Mean

Al-Quran has elements of therapy to offer peace in daily life. Furthermore, the miracle of al-Quran via its sacred verses is able to treat the physical and spiritual illness. This miracle was revealed to the Prophet Muhammad as the Muslim holy book that is much different than any other books. However, the main concern to various parties, particularly among the students, is the neglect of interaction with al-Quran intensively. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the level of the UKM students’ internalization towards al-Quran and the differences among them in interacting with al-Quran. This study applied quantitative method and the findings were presented descriptively based on frequency and t-test analyses. The study concluded that the interaction between sub-factors believe and practice showed high mean score, while the mean scores of the other six sub-factors of interaction with al-Quran were found to tend to be higher. Further, the t-test showed a significant difference between genders in terms of interaction with al-Quran. Key Words: Miracle of al-Qur'an, interaction with al-Quran, internalization, religious life.   Al-Quran sebenarnya mempunyai unsur terapi bagi mendapatkan ketenangan dalam kehidupan seharian. Malah mukjizat al-Quran melalui ayat-ayat sucinya mampu merawat penyakit-penyakit zahir dan batin. Mukjizat ini telah diturunkan kepada Nabi Muhammad SAW sebagai kitab suci umat Islam yang jauh berbeza dengan kitab-kitab lain. Namun, kenyataan yang sering membimbangkan banyak pihak khususnya terhadap para pelajar ialah pengabaian daripada sudut interaksi dengan al-Quran secara intensif. Justeru, kajian ini berusaha menjelaskan sejauh mana penghayatan para pelajar lelaki dan perempuan di UKM serta perbezaan di antara mereka dalam interaksi dengan al-Quran. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan dapatan dipersembahkan secara deskriptif berasaskan ujian frekuensi dan ujian-t. Hasil kajian merumuskan bahawa sub faktor interaksi beriman dan mengamalkan menunjukkan nilai skor min yang tinggi, manakala enam sub faktor daripada interaksi dengan al-Quran berada pada skor min cenderung tinggi. Seterusnya, keputusan ujian-t menunjukkan perbezaan interaksi dengan al-Quran yang signifikan antara pelajar lelaki dan pelajar perempuan.   Kata kunci: Mukjizat al-Quran, interaksi dengan al-Quran, penghayatan, kehidupan beragama.

Effects of environment and cultivar on total mixed-linkage β-glucan content in eastern and western Canadian barleys (Hordeum vulgare L.)

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Narasimhalu ◽  
D. Kong ◽  
T. M. Choo ◽  
K. M. Ho ◽  
T. Ferguson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Key Words ◽  
The Other ◽  
Food Type ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Key Words Barley ◽  
The Mean

Two-row and six-row barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars, originating from eastern and western Canada were grown in six environments across Canada. The grain was studied for the effects of environment and cultivar on the total mixed-linkage β-glucan content (TBG, g hg−1 DM). Environment significantly affected TBG content in barley. TBG content differed among the 32 eastern or 43 western Canadian cultivars but the mean TBG for the eastern cultivars was not different from the mean of western cultivars. All eastern cultivars were hulled-feed types, and their TBG ranged from 3.31 in Micmac to 4.09 in Birka for two-row barleys, and from 3.78 in OAC Kippen to 4.41 in Maskot for six-row barleys. Western hulled cultivars which included feed and malt types, contained TBG ranging from 3.37 in Manley to 4.14 in Betzes for two-row barleys, and from 3.71 in Heartland to 4.42 in Tankard for six-row barleys. The two-row hulless cultivar, Condor, contained more TBG (4.69) than the other two hulless cultivars, CDC Richard (3.91) and Scout (3.85). The six-row hulless cultivars, CDC Buck and Tupper, were equal in TBG (4.35). The mean TBG was lower for the two- than six-row barleys (3.7 vs. 4.0), and a broader range for TBG in the two- (3.31–4.55) than six-row barleys (3.71–4.42) suggesed the greater possibility of producing low and high TBG barleys from the two-row cultivars. Canadian cultivars contained between 3.31 and 4.55 g TBG hg−1 DM, and there is a need to develop feed-type barleys containing a third less than the minimum TBG, and food-type barleys containing a third more than the maximum TBG. Key words: Barley, Hordeum vulgare cultivars, β-glucan

scholarly journals Studi Potensi Sampah dan Kandungan Residu Logam Berat pada Produk Sapi Potong yang Digembalakan di TPA Sampah “PUTRI CEMPO” Surakarta

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Eka Handayanta
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
The Other ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Cattle Feeding

<p>The aim of this research is to determine the potential of rubbish (quantity and quality) as cattle feeding and the heavy metal residues especialy Pb and Hg in beef cattle product (meat and viceral organ) wich is grazing in refusal place “Putri Cempo” Surakarta.<br />The experiment have been carried out at refusal place “Putri Cempo” Surakarta where samples taken for quantity and quality of organic rubbish and beef catlle product for determine of heavy metal residues (Pb and Hg) especialy on meat (biceps femoris), liver, kidney and intestine. <br />The result of this experiment indicated that organic rubbish at refusal place “Putri Cempo” Surakarta on DM basic, since 2002 – 2006 amount of 47,778 – 54,372 thousants ton/year. While nutrient content such as crude protein 10,00-12,79%, extract eter 4,05 – 7,94%, crude fiber 18,42 – 22,20%, and ash 21,73 – 24,33%, respectively. Heavy metal residues on meat, liver, kidney and intestine, Pb at amount of 2,16- 2,68 ppm which is up of the Indonesia National Standart, SNI (2,0 ppm), and Hg at amount of 0,01 -0,02 it is below of SNI (0,03 ppm).<br />It could be concluded that higly potensitial of refusal place “Putri Cempo” Surakarta as catlle grazing. The other than, beef cattle product (meat) were not save for consumption.</p><p>Key words : rubbish, refusal place, plumbum, merkury, cattle</p>

Multi-Center Study of Thromboplastin Calibration Precision – Influence of Reagent Species, Composition, and International Sensitivity Index (ISI)

1993 ◽  
Vol 69 (01) ◽  
pp. 035-040 ◽  
Author(s):  
A M H P van den Besselaar ◽  
R M Bertina
Keyword(s):  
Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
International Normalized Ratio ◽  
The Other ◽  
World Health ◽  
Rabbit Brain ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Bovine Plasma ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
International Sensitivity Index

SummaryFour thromboplastin reagents were tested by 18 laboratories in Europe, North-America, and Australasia, according to a detailed protocol. One thromboplastin was the International Reference Preparation for ox brain thromboplastin combined with adsorbed bovine plasma (coded OBT/79), and the second was a certified reference material for rabbit brain thromboplastin, plain (coded CRM 149R). The other two thromboplastin reagents were another rabbit plain brain thromboplastin (RP) with a lower ISI than CRM 149R and a rabbit brain thromboplastin combined with adsorbed bovine plasma (RC). Calibration of the latter two reagents was performed according to methods recommended by the World Health Organization (W. H. O.).The purpose of this study was to answer the following questions: 1) Is the calibration of the RC reagent more precise against the bovine/combined (OBT/79) than against the rabbit/plain reagent (CRM 149R)? 2) Is the precision of calibration influenced by the magnitude of the International Sensitivity Index (ISI)?The lowest inter-laboratory variation of ISI was observed in the calibration of the rabbit/plain reagent (RP) against the other rabbit/plain reagent (CRM 149R) (CV 1.6%). The highest interlaboratory variation was obtained in the calibration of rabbit/plain (RP) against bovine/combined (OBT/79) (CV 5.1%). In the calibration of the rabbit/combined (RC) reagent, there was no difference in precision between OBT/79 (CV 4.3%) and CRM 149R (CV 4.2%). Furthermore, there was no significant difference in the precision of the ISI of RC obtained with CRM 149R (ISI = 1.343) and the rabbit/plain (RP) reagent with ISI = 1.14. In conclusion, the calibration of RC could be performed with similar precision with either OBT/79 or CRM 149R, or RP.The mean ISI values calculated with OBT/79 and CRM 149R were practically identical, indicating that there is no bias in the ISI of these reference preparations and that these reference preparations have been stable since their original calibration studies in 1979 and 1987, respectively.International Normalized Ratio (INR) equivalents were calculated for a lyophilized control plasma derived from patients treated with oral anticoagulants. There were small but significant differences in the mean INR equivalents between the bovine and rabbit thromboplastins. There were no differences in the interlaboratory variation of the INR equivalents, when the four thromboplastins were compared.

Prothrombin Time Standardization: Report of the Expert Panel on Oral Anticoagulant Control

1979 ◽  
Vol 42 (04) ◽  
pp. 1073-1114 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Prothrombin Time ◽  
Expert Panel ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rabbit Brain ◽  
Calibration Constant ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Point Of Intersection ◽  
And Control ◽  
Standardization Report

SummaryIn collaborative experiments in 199 laboratories, nine commercial thromboplastins, four thromboplastins held by the National Institute for Biological Standards and Control (NIBS & C), London and the British Comparative Thromboplastin were tested on fresh normal and coumarin plasmas, and on three series of freeze-dried plasmas. One of these was made from coumarin plasmas and the other two were prepared from normal plasmas; in each series, one plasma was normal and the other two represented different degrees of coumarin defect.Each thromboplastin was calibrated against NIBS&C rabbit brain 70/178, from the slope of the line joining the origin to the point of intersection of the mean ratios of coumarin/normal prothrombin times when the ratios obtained with the two thromboplastins on the same fresh plasmas were plotted against each other. From previous evidence, the slopes were calculated which would have been obtained against the NIBS&C “research standard” thromboplastin 67/40, and termed the “calibration constant” of each thromboplastin. Values obtained from the freeze-dried coumarin plasmas gave generally similar results to those from fresh plasmas for all thromboplastins, whereas values from the artificial plasmas agreed with those from fresh plasmas only when similar thromboplastins were being compared.Taking into account the slopes of the calibration lines and the variation between laboratories, precision in obtaining a patient’s prothrombin time was similar for all thromboplastins.

Platelet Suruival and Function in Rats with Enhanced Thrombotic Tendency

1985 ◽  
Vol 54 (04) ◽  
pp. 739-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Delaini ◽  
Elisabetta Dejana ◽  
Ine Reyers ◽  
Elisa Vicenzi ◽  
Germana De Bellis Vitti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Platelet Function ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mean Survival Time ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Function ◽  
Thrombotic Tendency

SummaryWe have investigated the relevance of some laboratory tests of platelet function in predicting conditions of thrombotic tendency. For this purpose, we studied platelet survival, platelet aggregation in response to different stimuli, TxB2 and 6-keto-PGFlα production in serum of rats bearing a nephrotic syndrome induced by adriamycin. These animals show a heavy predisposition to the development of both arterial and venous thrombosis. The mean survival time was normal in nephrotic rats in comparison to controls. As to aggregation tests, a lower aggregating response was found in ADR-treated rats using ADP or collagen as stimulating agents. With arachidonic acid (AA) we observed similar aggregating responses at lower A A concentrations, whereas at higher AA concentrations a significantly lower response was found in nephrotic rats, despite their higher TxB2 production. Also TxB2 and 6-keto-PGFlα levels in serum of nephrotic rats were significantly higher than in controls. No consistent differences were found in PGI2-activity generated by vessels of control or nephrotic rats.These data show that platelet function may appear normal or even impaired in rats with a markedly increased thrombotic tendency. On the other hand, the significance of high TxB2 levels in connection with mechanisms leading to thrombus formation remains a controversial issue.

Voronoi Analysis of a Soccer Game

2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Collective Behavior ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Random System ◽  
Soccer Game ◽  
Voronoi Polygons ◽  
The Mean

This paper describes a Voronoi analysis method to analyze a soccer game. It is important for us to know the quantitative assessment of contribution done by a player or a team in the game as an individual or collective behavior. The mean numbers of vertices are reported to be 5–6, which is a little less than those of a perfect random system. Voronoi polygons areas can be used in evaluating the dominance of a team over the other. By introducing an excess Voronoi area, we can draw some fruitful results to appraise a player or a team rather quantitatively.

HISTOPATHOLOGY OF THE PIGMENTED TUMORAL-LIKE LESIONS OF THE SKIN AT HUE HOSPITAL OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY UNIVERSITY

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
Mao Nguyen Van ◽  
Dong Tran Nam
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Definitive Diagnosis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cell Tumour ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Skin Tumour ◽  
Clinical Appearance ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Common ◽  
Difficult Cases

Background: Pigmented tumour of the skin is one of the common tumour in human including the benign pigmented tumours (more common) called Nevi tumours and the malignant one called melanoma which was less frequent but the most poor in prognosis. In addition, the others not belonging to these group had the same clinical appearance, so the application of histopathology and immunohistochemistry for the definitive diagnosis was indespensible. Objectives: 1. To describe the macroscopic features of the pigmented tumoral-like lesions; 2. To classify the histopathologic types of the pigmented cell tumours and the other pigmented tumours of the skin. Materials and Method: Cross-sectional research on 55 patients diagnosed as pigmented tumoral lesions by clinician, then all definitively diagnosed by histopathology combining the immunohistochemistry in difficult cases. Results: There was no difference in gender, the disease was discovered most common in adult, especially with the age over 51 years old (58.1%). the most region located was in the face accounting for 60%, following the trunk and limbs (14.6%, 12.8% respectively). All 3 malignant melanomas happened in foot. The most common color of the lesions was black (65.4%), the other ones were rose, grey and blue. Histopathology and immunohisthochemistry showed that the true pigmented cell tumours were 52.6% encompassing benign ones (Nevi tumour) (41.8%), melanoma (5.4%) and lentigo (5.4%). 47.4% was not the true pigmented cell tumour including pigmented basocellular carcinoma (36.4%) and the others less common as histiofibromas, acanthoma and papilloma. Conclusion: the pigmented tumoral-like lesions of the skin could be the true pigmented cell tumours and the others, so the application of the histopathology and the immunohistochemistry after the clinical discovery helps to determine and classify the disease definitely and for the best orientation of treatment as well. Key words: skin tumour, benign pigmented tumour (Nevi), malignant pigmented tumour (melanoma), pigmented basocellular carcinoma

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