Influence of PMSG antiserum on serum progesterone and estrous cycles of PMSG-treated gilts

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. N. Kirkwood ◽  
P. A. Thacker
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Ovarian Activity ◽  
Serum Estradiol ◽  
Serum Progesterone ◽  
Estrous Cycles ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Effect Of Treatment

Forty-seven prepubertal gilts (88.4 ± 0.9 kg) received an injection of 750 IU PMSG to stimulate ovarian activity. After 96 h, 23 gilts received an injection of an anti-PMSG serum. Blood samples were obtained at the time of PMSG injection (day 0) and at 2, 4, 6, 11, 18, 25 and 32 d. There was no effect of treatment on serum estradiol concentrations or on the occurrence of normal estrous cycles. However, luteal phase serum progesterone concentrations were higher (P < 0.01) in gilts receiving the anti-PMSG. Key words: PMSG, antiserum, gilts, ovulation

P–311 Association between serum sex hormones (progesterone and estradiol) and endometrial morphology during the mid-luteal phase

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Parvanov ◽  
R Ganeva ◽  
M Handzhiyska ◽  
N Vidolova ◽  
G Stamenov
Keyword(s):  
Scoring System ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Serum Estradiol ◽  
Serum Progesterone ◽  
Glandular Cells ◽  
Mean Size ◽  
Stromal Edema ◽  
Estradiol Levels

Abstract Study question Is there a relationship between the serum progesterone and estradiol levels and certain morphological characteristics of human endometrium during the mid-luteal phase? Summary answer Serum progesterone is associated with the stromal edema and the abundance and size of basal vacuoles in the endometrium of women during the mid-luteal phase. What is known already Progesterone and estrogen are essential hormones that are necessary to prepare the endometrium for pregnancy. Their serum concentrations during the mid-luteal phase are important criteria for prediction of successful embryo implantation. In addition, a variety of endometrial morphological markers, such as the presence of pinopodes, subnuclear and supranuclear vacuoles, glandular secretion, and stromal edema have been applied for determination of the window of implantation and endometrial receptivity. However, the relationship between these endometrial morphological characteristics and serum levels of progesterone and estradiol is still scarcely studied. Study design, size, duration This is an observational study of 98 women, 25 to 46 years of age (mean 37 years), who had a blood sample and an endometrial biopsy during the mid-lutheal phase (LH + 7) in a natural cycle. The study was conducted between August 2020 and November 2020. Participants/materials, setting, methods Serum progesterone and estradiol were measured by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) on the Cobas e411 analyser (Roche Diagnostics, Germany). The following endometrial morphological characteristics were assessed using light microscopy: (1) basal vacuoles (mean size and percentage of vacuolated glandular cells) (2) apical vacuoles (mean size and percentage of vacuolated glandular cells), (3) pinopodes (percentage of luminal epithelium covered in pinopodes), (4) glandular intraluminal secretion (6-level scoring system), (5) stromal edema (6-level scoring system). Main results and the role of chance The serum progesterone levels ranged between 0.39 and 145.3 ng/ml, with a median of 24.36 ng/ml. The serum estradiol levels varied between 26.91 and 842.89 pg/ml with a median of 124.75 pg/ml. The percentage of cells with basal vaculoles ranged from 0 to 90%, with a median of 38.57%, apical vacuoles (0–50%, 16.83%), pinopodes (0–80%, 23.87%), glandular intraluminal secretion (0–80%, 28.57%), and stromal edema (1–6, 1.42). To examine the association between the serum progesterone and estradiol and the studied endometrial morphological characteristics, the Spearman’s Rho Correlation coefficient for non-paramentric data was used. No correlation was found between serum estradiol levels and the studied morphological variables (p &gt; 0.05). In contrast, the serum progesterone concentration showed a significant negative correlation with the percentage of glandular epithelial cells with basal vacuoles (R= - 0.28; p = 0.03), the mean size of the basal vacuoles (R= - 0.24; p = 0.5) and a significant positive correlation with the stromal edema (R = 0.34; p &lt; 0.01). Limitations, reasons for caution The study was limited in sample size. Wider implications of the findings: The results of this study revealed that serum progesterone is more strongly associated with the occurrence of certain endometrial morphological characteristics during the mid-luteal phase than serum estradiol. These findings are valuable for development of new methods for accurate determination of the window of implantation. Trial registration number Not applicable

445 RELATIONSHIPS OF LUTEAL PHASE VARIABLES (PRIOR TO AI) WITH FOLLICULAR WAVES IN WATER BUFFALOES

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 379
Author(s):  
H. Kohram ◽  
G. Mohammadi ◽  
E. Dirandeh
Keyword(s):  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Estrous Cycles ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Follicular Waves

This study was done to consider relationships of luteal phase variables (prior to AI) with follicular waves. The estrous cycles of 15 buffaloes were synchronized with 2 i.m. injections of prostaglandin F2α given 11 days apart. The buffaloes were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatments. Buffaloes in the control treatment received no treatment, whereas G6 buffalos received a GnRH injection between Day 5 and 7 and G16 buffalos received a GnRH injection between Day 15 and 17 of the estrous cycle (estrus = Day 0). Daily, from estrus Day 0 to the next estrus Day 23, buffaloes had their ovaries scanned by ultrasound. Blood samples were collected by tail following each ultrasound examination from estrus until next estrus (estrus = 0). Concentrations of plasma progesterone were determined by radioimmunoassay kit. The limit of detection of the assay was 0.1 45 ng mL-1 and the intra- and interassay coeffients of variation were 7.4% and 9.2%, respectively. Data were analyzed by using PROC GLM of SAS (SAS Institute, Cary, NC, USA). For comparisons between groups, the 2-sample t-test was used for continuous traits, such as size of CL or hormone concentrations. Prospective comparisons of indices of progesterone indicated that the length of luteal lifespan was longer in 3-wave than in 2-wave buffaloes (P < 0.01). Plasma progesterone concentrations were similar at peak and measured as area under the curve on Day 5 through 17 preceding insemination in 2-wave (5.30 ± 0.40 ng mL-1) and 3-wave buffaloes (5.10 ± 0.20 ng mL-1). Length of the luteal phase (defined as from the day of estrus until the last day on which plasma progesterone remained >2 ng mL-1) was <2 days shorter in 2-wave buffaloes than in 3-wave buffaloes (15.20 ± 0.40 v. 17.10 ± 0.50 d; P < 0.05). In addition, the day of peak progesterone occurred earlier in 2-wave buffaloes (13.50 ± 0.30 v. 15.30 ± 0.70 d; P < 0.05).

INFUSION OF ESTRADIOL DURING THE LUTEAL PHASE OF THE ESTROUS CYCLE IN THE EWE COMPLETELY ELIMINATES LH PULSES

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 1147-1150 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. B. J. K. JOSEPH ◽  
N. C. RAWLINGS
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Serum Estradiol ◽  
Lh Surge ◽  
Lh Secretion

Elevation of serum estradiol (E2) levels to ≈ 23 pg mL−1 on day 12 of the estrous cycle of the ewe eliminated LH pulses, but did not induce luteolysis and a preovulatory surge release of gonadotropins. The E2 treatment appeared to exert a functional luteotropic effect. The results indicate a strong synergism between E2 and progesterone (P4) in the control of tonic LH secretion during the luteal phase and that P4 blocks the preovulatory LH surge mechanism at high, but physiological levels of E2. Key words: Estradiol, LH pulses, luteal phase, ewe, luteotropic

scholarly journals Blood Ghrelin, Adiponectin and Resistin Levels During Controlled Ovarian Stimulation in IVF Cycles

2016 ◽  
pp. 809-814
Author(s):  
K. DAFOPOULOS ◽  
C. I. MESSINI ◽  
G. ANIFANDIS ◽  
P. GEORGOULIAS ◽  
D. SOURLAS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Gnrh Agonist ◽  
Ovarian Stimulation ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Controlled Ovarian Stimulation ◽  
Recombinant Fsh ◽  
Serum Progesterone ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Stimulation Period ◽  
First Time

The aim of the present study was to investigate changes of blood ghrelin, adiponectin and resistin levels in IVF/ICSI-ET cycles. Twenty women were stimulated with recombinant FSH in a GnRH agonist short protocol for IVF/ICSI. Blood samples were taken on cycle day 2 before the commencement of injections, on cycle day 6 and on the days of HCG injection, oocyte pick up (OPU), embryo transfer (ET) as well as 7 and 12 days post-ET. Serum E2 levels increased during the stimulation, peaking on the HCG day and declined thereafter (p<0.001). Serum progesterone levels started to increase on the OPU day, peaking on the ET day (p<0.001) and decreased on days 7 and 12 post-ET. Plasma ghrelin remained unchanged during the whole cycle. Serum adiponectin levels remained stable during the stimulation period until the ET day and decreased on days 7 and 12 post-ET (p<0.001). Serum resistin levels increased until the ET day (p<0.05), remained unchanged on day 7 post-ET and decreased on day 12 post-ET (p<0.05). The present study shows for the first time that ghrelin levels did not change significantly during IVF/ICSI-ET cycles. Resistin levels increased during the stimulation period while adiponectin levels remained stable decreasing during the luteal phase.

A study of the luteolytic mechanism of the antiprogesterone RU486 during the late-luteal phase in pseudopregnant rats

1996 ◽  
Vol 150 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Nakamura ◽  
H Tamura ◽  
M Ono ◽  
K Shimamura ◽  
N Sugino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Injection ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Sesame Oil ◽  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Progesterone ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Serial Blood ◽  
Late Luteal Phase

Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine the possible mechanism through which RU486 induces luteolysis during the late-luteal phase in pseudopregnant (PSP) rats. PSP rats received a subcutaneous injection of RU486 in sesame oil (5 mg/kg body weight) or sesame oil alone once a day between day 9 and day 11 of pseudopregnancy. Serial blood samples were collected on days 5, 9, 10, 11 and 12 and assayed for progesterone content. To examine the possible action of RU486 through a uterine and/or a pituitary (prolactin-dependent) mechanism, PSP rats and chronic hysterectomized PSP rats which had been hysterectomized before PSP induction received a subcutaneous injection of RU486 in sesame oil (5 mg/kg body weight), sesame oil alone, prolactin in 50% polyvinylpyrrolidone (15 IU/day), or RU486 and prolactin once a day between day 9 and day 11 of pseudopregnancy. Serial blood samples were collected on days 5, 9, 10 and 11 and assayed for progesterone content. Blood samples were also collected at 0400 h on day 12 and used for prolactin and progesterone determinations. To examine the direct effect of RU486 on corpus luteum and/or pituitary, hysterectomized rats underwent hypophysectomy and pituitary autotransplantation on dioestrus 1 and received a subcutaneous injection of RU486 in sesame oil or sesame oil alone for 3 days between day 21 and day 23 after surgery. Serial blood samples were collected on days 10, 21, 22, 23 and 24 and assayed for progesterone and prolactin contents. In ordinary PSP rats, serum progesterone levels were significantly (P<0·01) lower in the RU486-treated group than in the control group (9 ± 1 vs 53 ± 7 ng/ml; mean ± s.e.m.) on day 11. Serum prolactin levels at 0400 h on day 12 of pseudopregnancy were significantly (P<0·05) lower in the RU486-treated group than in the control group (16 ±4 vs 154 ±44 ng/ml; mean ± s.e.m.). The concomitant prolactin treatment reversed the luteolytic effects of RU486 on day 11 of pseudopregnancy. In hysterectomized PSP rats, RU486 also suppressed serum prolactin levels, and the concomitant prolactin treatment again reversed the luteolytic effects of RU486. In hysterectomized rats which were hypophysectomized and pituitary autotransplanted, RU486 treatment did not induce any significant changes in serum progesterone and prolactin levels. These results indicated that RU486 induced luteolysis during the late-luteal phase in PSP rats by suppressing prolactin secretion via a hypothalamic mechanism. Journal of Endocrinology (1996) 150, 93–98

EFFECTS OF GnRH ON LUTEINIZING HORMONE RELEASE AND ONSET OF CYCLIC OVARIAN ACTIVITY POSTPARTUM IN PELIBUEY EWES

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. GONZALEZ R. ◽  
B. D. MURPHY
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Ovarian Activity ◽  
Hormone Release ◽  
Similar Magnitude ◽  
Hair Sheep ◽  
Peripheral Plasma ◽  
Lh Release

Synthetic gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) was administered to Pelibuey ewes to determine its effect on luteinizing hormone (LH) release and on cyclic ovarian activity during the first 3 – 4 wk postpartum. Two GnRH doses were given (10 and 100 μg) on days 4 and 5, 7 and 8, 14 and 15, and 21 and 22, after parturition, respectively. In three trials, 11, 8 and 7 ewes were used. For each trial 5, 3 and 2 ewes were used as controls, respectively; in trial 3, only the 100-μg dose was given once. Results from the three trials indicated that LH release always occurred after GnRH treatment, relative to the saline-treated controls. In trials 1 and 2, the 10-μg dose induced a higher (P < 0.001) LH release than the 100-μg dose; the LH release in response to the 100-μg dose in the three trials was of similar magnitude. Release of LH in response to both doses was lower (P < 0.05) during days 4 – 5 postpartum, than during the following 3 wk. Two types of luteal activity or steroidogenesis were observed in the GnRH-treated ewes, relative to the saline-treated ewes; (1) within 2 – 4 d after each GnRH injection small peaks of progesterone appeared, and (2) within 5 – 15 d after the last GnRH injection there were elevations of progesterone in peripheral plasma to concentrations and of durations characteristic of the luteal phase of the ovine estrous cycle. These results indicate that the pituitary of postpartum Pelibuey ewes regains the ability for maximal release of LH in response to GnRH challenge within 7 d postpartum. Further, treatment with GnRH induces earlier return to cyclic ovarian activity. Key words: Hair sheep, postpartum, GnRH, luteal activity

scholarly journals Effect of eCG applied to dairy cows in the postpartum period on ovarian activity and reproductive performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (03) ◽  
pp. 6364-2020
Author(s):  
KUDRET YENİLMEZ ◽  
NURULLAH ÖZDEMİR
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Ovarian Follicle ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ovarian Activity ◽  
Serum Estradiol ◽  
Serum Progesterone ◽  
Ovarian Follicle Development ◽  
Follicle Diameter ◽  
Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) applied in postpartum (pp) period on ovarian follicle development, serum estradiol concentration, serum progesterone concentration, the calving-to-first oestrus (calving-to-first insemination) interval, and conception at first insemination. The material of this study consisted of 20 cows on day 14 pp. Cows included in this study were randomly divided into two groups. Cows in the first group, were treated with eCG (500 IU Folligon; Intervet, Holland) for 14 days. No treatment was applied to the second group, and it was left as a control group, Ovarian follicle diameters were measured by ultrasonographic examination on days 14, 16, 18, 20 and 22 pp in all animals included in the study. Serum estradiol and progesterone were from blood samples taken on the same days. All animals included in the study were followed up until the first observable oestrus was detected, and they were inseminated 12 hours after the appearance of oestrus symptoms. A pregnancy examination was performed on the 45th day after insemination. In cows administered with eCG during postpartum period, an increase in ovarian follicle diameters compared to untreated cows and a decrease in the calving-to-first oestrus interval were determined. In contrast, serum estradiol and progesterone hormone levels did not differ between the two groups. Pregnancy rate in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group, but there was no statistical difference between them. As a result, it was concluded that eCG applied to dairy cows on day 14 pp did not affect serum estradiol and progesterone levels, but it affected the ovarian follicle diameter and the calving-to-first oestrus interval positively.

EFFECT OF PROGESTERONE AND TEMPORARY WEANING ON CYCLIC ACTIVITY AND FERTILITY OF BEEF COWS AT A PROSTAGLANDIN- SYNCHRONIZED ESTRUS

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. MANNS ◽  
W. D. HUMPHREY ◽  
J. R. NKUUHE
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Ovarian Activity ◽  
Moderate Increase ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Cyclic Activity ◽  
Estrous Cycles ◽  
Prostaglandin F ◽  
Calf Removal

Three experiments were conducted to assess the effect of short-term calf removal (CR) or treatment with progesterone (P4) on onset of cyclic ovarian activity and fertility in beef cows suckled by a single calf. Estrous cycles of all cows were synchronized by two injections of a prostaglandin F (PGF) analogue 11 days apart. The cows were inseminated at 68 and 92 h after the second PGF injection. In exp. 1, calf removal for 48 h after the second injection of PGF did not alter fertility compared to controls. In exp. 2, cows were treated with 100 mg P4 at the time of the first PGF injection. P4 increased the number of cycling animals by 7% and fertility by 13%, but the differences were not significant. In exp. 3, combinations of CR and P4 were used. When these latter data were summarized and pooled with similar groups from previous experiments, P4 increased cyclic ovarian activity by 9% (P < 0.07) and fertility by 14% (P < 0.04). The results indicate that treatment with P4 caused a moderate increase in onset of cyclic ovarian activity and significantly increased fertility. Key words: Beef cows, postpartum anestrus, progesterone

scholarly journals Allopregnanolone concentrations and premenstrual syndrome

2000 ◽  
pp. 269-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Monteleone ◽  
S Luisi ◽  
A Tonetti ◽  
F Bernardi ◽  
AD Genazzani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Specific Antibody ◽  
Premenstrual Syndrome ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Test Design ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Serum Progesterone ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Gaba A ◽  
Psychological Conditions

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate basal allopregnanolone and progesterone in both phases of the menstrual cycle in women suffering from premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and their response to a GnRH test. DESIGN: We selected 56 women (28 patients with PMS and 28 controls) aged between 18 and 32 years. Blood samples were drawn in both follicular and phases. Twenty-eight women (14 patients with PMS and 14 controls) underwent a GnRH test in the luteal phase. METHODS: We evaluated allopregnanolone by RIA, using a specific antibody. Serum progesterone and oestradiol were determined using a commercially available RIA kit. RESULTS: Luteal phase allopregnanolone concentrations were significantly lower in patients with PMS than in controls. Progesterone concentrations were significantly lower in patients with PMS in both the follicular and the luteal phase. Serum oestradiol concentrations were in the normal range in both groups of women, although slightly greater in those with PMS. Allopregnanolone and progesterone responses to a GnRH test were significantly blunted in women with PMS. CONCLUSIONS: Diminished concentrations of allopregnanolone and progesterone, its precursor, and a blunted response to the GnRH test lead us to hypothesise that patients with PMS may suffer from an inadequate production of ovarian neuroactive steroids, especially in the luteal phase. This would lead to an impaired anxiolytic GABA(A)-mediated response in stressful physiological and psychological conditions, and may in part explain various psychoneuroendocrine symptoms that arise during PMS.

THE INFLUENCE OF ALLYL TRENBOLONE ON THE OCCURRENCE OF NORMAL ESTROUS CYCLES FOLLOWING A GONADOTROPHIN-INDUCED OVULATION IN PREPUBERTAL GILTS

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 1091-1093 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. VAN LUNEN ◽  
R. N. KIRKWOOD ◽  
P. A. THACKER
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Estrous Cycles ◽  
Induced Ovulation ◽  
Effect Of Treatment ◽  
Estrous Behavior

Sixty prepubertal Yorkshire × Landrace gilts were either injected with PMSG and hCG (n = 40) or acted as controls. Of the hormone-injected gilts, 20 were fed 15 mg d−1 of allyl trenbolone from 7 to 21 d after the PMSG injection. Gilts were mated at their second estrus. There was no effect of treatment on the incidence of cyclic estrous behavior or on subsequent ovulation rates and numbers of embryos. Key words: Allyl trenbolone, gonadotrophins, puberty, gilts

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