Comparison of daughters of Canadian and New Zealand Holstein sires for first lactation efficiency of production in relation to body size and condition

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. J. Graham ◽  
E. B. Burnside ◽  
J. P. Gibson ◽  
A. E. Rapitta ◽  
B. W. McBride
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Energetic Efficiency ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Gross Energy

Sixty-five first lactation Holstein heifers, 31 sired by one of 19 top Canadian AI proven sires and 34 sired by one of 19 top New Zealand AI proven sires were compared for production, feed intake, energetic efficiency, body weight and condition. Heifers were fed free choice a high-, medium- and low-energy complete feed for the first 140 d, 141–240 d and 241–305 d of lactation, respectively. The Canadian-sired heifers averaged 6097 ± 177 kg, 231 ± 6 kg, 226 ± 6 kg and 310 ± 9 kg of milk, fat protein, and lactose while the New Zealand sired heifers produced 5469 ± 169 kg, 226 ± 6 kg, 189 ± 6 kg and 273 ± 9 kg. Net energy consumption and gross energy production of the Canadian-sired heifers was 7783 Mcal and 4515 Mcal, and for New Zealand-sired heifers was 7310 Mcal and 4248 Mcal, resulting in feed efficiencies of 0.59 ± 0.01 and 0.58 ± 0.01 for Canadian- and New Zealand-sired heifers. Feed efficiencies, body weight gain and change in body condition score from week 2 of lactation to the end of lactation did not differ significantly between the Canadian- and New Zealand-sired heifers. Canadian-sired heifers had a lower body condition score (P < 0.05) than their New Zealand-sired counterparts in early lactation. Canadian-sired Holsteins had, on average, 7.4% higher returns per lactation with Ontario milk prices and 2.2% higher returns under New Zealand milk pricing, but neither difference was statistically significant. Key words: Strain comparison, energetic efficiency, dairy cow

Effect of draught work on performance and metabolism of crossbred cows 1. Effect of work and diet on body-weight change, body condition, lactation and productivity

1995 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Gemeda ◽  
E. Zerbini ◽  
A. G. Wold ◽  
D. Demissie
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Body Weight Changes ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
On Farm

AbstractForty pregnant F1 crossbred dairy cows (20 Friesian × Boran and 20 Simmental × Boran) were stratified in a 2 × 2 diet × work factorial experiment (not working-not supplemented, NWNS; not working-supplemented, NWS; working-not supplemented, WNS; and working-supplemented, WS). Working cows pulled sledges 100 days/year (pull = 350 to 450 N, 4 h/day, 4 days/week). Work output of supplemented and non-supplemented cows was similar over 1 and 2 years. Over all 3 years, dry-matter intake relative to metabolic body size (g/kg M0.75 was greater for working, compared with non-working cows. Body-weight changes and body condition score were similar for working and non-working cows. Non-supplemented cows lost weight throughout the first 2-year period, while supplemented cows tended to maintain or gain body weight over 1 and 3 years. Over 2 years, supplementation of working cows proportionately reduced live-weight loss by 0.73 and doubled the number of conceptions and parturitions. Days in milk, milk, milk fat and protein yields were similar for working and non-working cows, but were greater for supplemented, compared with non-supplemented, cows. Total conceptions and calves born in all 3 years tended to be greater for supplemented and non-working compared with non-supplemented and working cows. A productivity index (PI) that took into account food intake was calculated. The PI for supplemented cows over 2 years was greater than that for non-supplemented cows. Meanwhile the PI was similar for working and non-working cows over all periods considered. A similar PI for working and non-working cows under supplementation indicates potential of on-farm adoption of a cow traction technology that includes improved food production and ng strategies.

The effect of nutrition before mating on the reproductive performance of Merino ewes

1966 ◽  
Vol 6 (23) ◽  
pp. 455 ◽  
Author(s):  
P McInnes ◽  
MD Smith
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
Critical Weight ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
High Level

A factorially designed trial was used to study the effects of level of nutrition on the reproductive performance of Merino ewes. A high level of nutrition from three weeks before joining to conception (flushing) increased the percentage of twin births independently of the effects of previous levels of nutrition. Levels of nutrition did not affect the number of ewes that lambed. Flushing increased body weight and body condition score. Re-analysis of the results showed that there was an association between both body weight gain and body condition score and percentage of twin births. However, body weight gain and body condition score increase during flushing were associated with levels of nutrition before flushing. Although flushing increased body weight of groups at conception, on re-analysis of the results, the percentage of twin births could not be associated with weight at conception. Possible reasons for this result are suggested. As there was no indication of a significant relation between weight at conception and percentage of ewes that lambed, it is suggested that the critical weight for mating these ewes was below 38.7 kg.

scholarly journals Influence of different growing conditions on production, milk composition and body condition score for Alpina goat breed

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 635-646
Author(s):  
N. Memisi ◽  
N. Stanisic
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Alfalfa Hay ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
The Impact

This paper presents the results of testing the impact of different farming systems on milk production, milk composition (milk fat, protein and dry matter without fat) and body condition score of Alpine breed goats in different growing systems during one production year. Control of the amount and chemical composition of milk included a total of 59 French Alpine goats at the age of 2-3 years (2-3 lactations), which are divided into two groups with approximate similar body weight. In the first group of goats a stable diet was applied. Goats had a sufficient amount of alfalfa hay available (ad libitum) and the addition of about 0.5 kg of concentrate that is administered twice a day. Goats in the second group in addition to 0.5 kg of alfalfa hay, received 0.25 kg of concentrate and in the period from April to October during the day stayed at the outlet and the surrounding pasture. Control of body weight of goats and body condition were performed once every two months from March to October, while the rate of body condition (BCS) was given score of 1-5. Somatic cell count and chemical quality of milk were controlled on a daily basis in the laboratory for raw milk AD Mlekara - Subotica on the device CombiFoss 6200 FC. Both groups of goats had a statistically significant increase in production of milk (about 45 l) and the average daily milk yield (of about 0.15 l) in the second compared with the third lactation (p <0.01). It was also determined statistically significant effect of lactation on content of protein, dry matter without fat (DMwF) and the number of somatic cells in milk in both groups of goats. Body condition score of the analyzed groups of goats varied over time, and statistically significant differences were found in July (p = 0.021) and September (p = 0.013), where goats from the second group that remained at the pasture in the examined period had higher scores for BCS compared with the first group.

scholarly journals Physical activity level of adult cats with varied feeding frequency

2011 ◽  
Vol 106 (S1) ◽  
pp. S166-S169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Deng ◽  
Ryan W. Grant ◽  
Kelly S. Swanson
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Feeding Time ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Feeding Frequency ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Adult Cats

The prevalence of feline obesity is influenced by numerous factors, including inactivity and overconsumption of food. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of feeding frequency on physical activity in adult cats. A total of twelve healthy adult cats were used in a cross-over study consisting of 32 d. In each of the two periods, six cats were fed either two meals or four meals daily. Throughout the study, cats were fed the same diet at amounts to maintain body weight and body condition score. Cats were individually housed 4 h/d at each scheduled feeding time, while for the other 20 h, cats were group-housed to allow for voluntary physical activity in the room with a 16 h light–8 h dark cycle. Voluntary activity levels were evaluated using Actical activity collars for seven consecutive days in each period. Daily average activity level for two-meal-fed cats (20·04 (sem 2·19), activity counts/epoch (15 s)) was not different from four-meal-fed cats (20·14 (sem 2·15), activity counts/epoch (15 s); P>0·05). In conclusion, when group-housed cats are fed to maintain their body weight and body condition score, varied feeding frequency between twice and four times daily may not affect activity levels.

scholarly journals Genetic Relationships among Body Condition Score, Body Weight, Milk Yield, and Fertility in Dairy Cows

2003 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 2193-2204 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.P. Berry ◽  
F. Buckley ◽  
P. Dillon ◽  
R.D. Evans ◽  
M. Rath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Condition Score

105 Effect of a Hydrolyzed Yeast Product on Body Weight, Body Condition Score, and Hair Coat Score in Cows Grazing Endophyte-Infected Tall Fescue.

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 52-53
Author(s):  
P L Harrelson ◽  
C B Rogers ◽  
R A Martin ◽  
B N Bosley ◽  
F M Kilgallin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Hair Coat ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Yeast Product

Effect of body condition at calving and level of feeding in early lactation on milk production of dairy cows

1982 ◽  
Vol 22 (115) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Grainger ◽  
GD Wilhelms ◽  
AA McGowan
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Feeding Management ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Degree Of Confidence

Two experiments were carried out to measure effects of body condition at calving and different levels of feeding after calving on milk and subsequent reproduction.In experiment 1, which was conducted in two consecutive years, 162 cows (77 in year 1 and 85 in year 2) were group feed so as to reach a target body condition (condition scores ranging from 3-6) four weeks before calving. During the last four weeks before calving, all cows were managed so as to maintain their individual condition scores. At calving, cows in similar condition of similar breed and with similar previous milk production were allocated to high and low levels of feeding at pasture for the first five weeks of lactation. Mean pasture intakes were 13.0 and 7.0kg dry matter (DM)/cow.d in year 1 and 15.0 and 8.5 kg DM/cow.d in year 2In experiment 2, 40 cows were offered pasture and hay from 20 weeks before calving to achieve a body condition score of either 4 or 6 by two weeks before calving. During the first five weeks of lactation, cows were individually fed in stalls on freshly cut pasture at one of three levels of intake, 7 or 10 kg DM/cow.d or .In both experiments cows were grazed as one group from week 6 to 20 of lactation.Improved body condition at calving resulted in an extra 4.0, 11.0 and 7.4 kg milk fat per unit condition score over 20 weeks of lactation, for year 1 and 2 of experiment 1, and experiment 2, respectively. Cows in poorer condition partitioned a higher proportion of feed energy to liveweight at the expense of milk production than did the cows in better condition. However, increasing the plane of nutrition in early lactation resulted in higher levels of milk production and reduced the need for cows to mobilize bodyreserves. Improved body condition at calving had a positive effect on milk fat percentage, particularly in early lactation, but did not affect milk protein percentage. Input-output relations calculated from the experimental data showed that the benefit sf to improve body condition before calving was less than that of additional feeding after calvin changes in the condition of the cows were taken into consideration (25.8 vs 1 4.6 kg DM to yi kilogram of milkfat). Improvements in condition and feeding in early lactation reduced the anoestrus interval after calving by 5.7 d for each additional condition score at calving and 1. d for each additional kgDM/cow.d fed over weeks 1-5 of lactation. The input-output relations resented will enable farmers to assess the likely consequenes of changes in their feeding management in the crucial peripartum period with a greater degree of confidence than in the past.

scholarly journals Influence of Holstein-Friesian Strain and Feed System on Body Weight and Body Condition Score Lactation Profiles

2007 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 1859-1869 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. McCarthy ◽  
D.P. Berry ◽  
P. Dillon ◽  
M. Rath ◽  
B. Horan
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Feed System ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Condition Score
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