EFFECT OF WEIGHT AND FAT COVER ON CHILLING RATE OF CONVENTIONALLY PROCESSED STEER AND HEIFER CARCASSES

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 261-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. CLIPLEF ◽  
R. M. McKAY ◽  
G. W. RAHNEFELD
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Beef Carcass

Chill rates over the initial 24 h after slaughter were determined on 382 carcasses (209 steers, 173 heifers) at two anatomical locations (rib and hip) in animals slaughtered at 13.5 and 15.0 mo of age. The objectives of the study were to determine if chill rates differed between steer and heifer carcasses and the influence of hot carcass weight and fat cover on the prediction of chill rate. Steer carcasses chilled at a slower rate than heifer carcasses at the rib location but did not differ in chill rate at the hip location. Both hot carcass weight and fat cover significantly contributed to the determination of chill rate at the rib but only hot carcass weight was important in the determination of chill rate at the hip. At the rib location hot carcass weight had a greater influence than fat cover in accounting for variation in chill rate. The majority of the variation in chill rate at either location was due to factors other than hot carcass weight and fat cover. Key words: Beef carcass, chill rate, carcass weight, fat cover

FACTORS INFLUENCING THE COMMERCIAL INCIDENCE OF DARK CUTTING BEEF

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 649-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. M. JONES ◽  
A. K. W. TONG
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Daily Precipitation ◽  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Predisposing Factors ◽  
Daily Temperature ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Muscle Color ◽  
Beef Carcass

Data collected on 170 534 head of Saskatchewan cattle slaughtered over a period of 12 consecutive months were used to evaluate the importance of some factors influencing the incidence of dark cutting (DC) beef (Canada B2 grade based on a visual assessment of muscle color and texture). The variables examined included carcass weight, gender of animal, daily temperature and precipitation, month of slaughter, distance from farm to abattoir, mixing of loads during transportation and slaughter plant. DC beef compared to normal beef was associated with a slightly warmer daily temperature (5.4 vs. 4.8 °C), a lighter carcass weight (283 vs. 286 kg), but was not influenced by daily precipitation. The incidence of DC beef increased as distance between farm and slaughter plant increased (0.78–0.98%), and was higher in loads of cattle that were mixed during transportation than in those loads that originated from the same farm (1.11 vs. 0.79%). Steers recorded a higher frequency of DC beef than heifers (0.99 vs. 0.77%). There were large differences in the frequency of DC beef among slaughter plants after adjustment of the data for the effects of other variables (gender, mixing, trucking distance). Of the six slaughter plants in this study, the frequency of DC beef ranged from 0.27–1.79%. Month of shipment had a significant effect on the incidence of DB beef, with March and April recording the highest frequencies (1.54 and 1.24%), and December the lowest (0.45%). It was concluded that the mixing of loads and the slaughter plant were the two most important predisposing factors for DC beef. Key words: Beef, carcass, stress, dark cutting

A survey of marbling fat in Canadian beef carcasses

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 987-991 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. M. Jones ◽  
A. K. W. Tong ◽  
S. Talbot
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Beef Carcasses ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Beef Carcass

Marbling score was assessed in 20 437 Canadian beef carcasses on a 10-point scale (1 = very abundant, 10 = devoid) in six provinces during the period August to November 1989. Heifer carcasses had a lower marbling score (more marbling fat) than steer carcasses, and both had lower marbling scores (more marbling fat) than bull carcasses. Marbling increased as Canada grade changed from B1 to A1 and from A1 through to A4, indicating that marbling fat increased with carcass fatness. The regression of marbling score on carcass weight and carcass 12th rib fat thickness, although significant, showed that these traits only accounted for 0.5 and 6%, respectively, of the overall variation in marbling score. The overall distribution of marbling scores showed that 20.6% of carcasses had small or more marbling, 57.9% had slight marbling, 20.4% had traces of marbling and 1.1% were devoid of marbling. Key words: Beef, carcass, marbling, survey

DETERMINATION OF AFTER-RIPENING PERIOD AND HORMONAL RESPONSE OF OROBANCHE SOLMSII C.D. CLARKE SEEDS

1970 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bista ◽  
G. B. Khattri ◽  
B. D. Acharya ◽  
S. C. Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Conditioning Period ◽  
Root Parasite ◽  
One Year

To find out the ability of Orobanche seeds to germinate immediately after seed set, seeds were germinated periodically at an interval of three months for one year in GR24. Some Orobanche seeds were capable of germination immediately after seed set but most required about nine months as after ripening or incubation period to be able to germinate. The phenomenon of after ripening in Orobanche seeds could be taken as an ecological measure to dormant over following unfavorable wet summer season. The growth hormone studies on Orobanche seed germination have shown that GA3 at a concentration of 100 ppm substantially enhanced seed germination when applied during pre-conditioning period. NAA showed some stimulatory effect at 0.5 - 1.0 ppm when applied during post-conditioning period but the hormone if applied during pre-conditioning period inhibited the germination. Kinetin failed to stimulate the germination at all the concentrations tested. Key words: Germination, root-parasite, hormone. Ecoprint Vol.11(1) 2004.

DETERMINING AMMONIUM OXALATE-EXTRACTABLE Si IN SOILS

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 751-755 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. WANG ◽  
P. A. SCHUPPLI
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Podzolic Soil ◽  
Ammonium Oxalate ◽  
Podzolic Soils ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Key Words Oxalate

Determination of oxalate-extractable Si and Al is useful in assessing the degree of accumulation of allophane-like materials in Podzolic soils. Three procedures were tested for determining Si: manual spectrophotometry, automated spectrophotometry and atomic absorption. For concentrations of oxalate-extractable Si above 0.5 g kg−1, there was no significant difference among results by the three procedures. For lower concentrations of Si, results by atomic absorption were higher than those by the spectrophotometric procedures. Determination by Si by autoanalyzer is the preferred procedure as it is convenient, sensitive and reliable. Key words: Oxalate Si, Podzolic soil, autoanalyzer

Level of thyroid-stimulating hormone as basic diagnostic marker and criterion of treatment success of thyroid diseases

2017 ◽  
pp. 102-106
Author(s):  
V.I. Pankiv ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Diagnostic Marker ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Early Diagnostics ◽  
Basic Test ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

In the article information is generalized on the aspects of early diagnostics of thyrois disorders. The value of thyroid-stimulating hormone is underlined as basic test for determination of the thyroid functional state and criterion of treatment success of thyroid diseases. Key words: thyroid, thyroid-stimulating hormone, diagnostics.

Determination of the correlation relationship between irrigation and distribution of agricultural lands

2021 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
Kamil Zakir oğlu İbrahimli ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Statistical Method ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Agricultural Lands ◽  
Correlation Relationship ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Correlation Methods ◽  
Correlation Degree ◽  
The Relationship

The importance of the statistical method is great in the study of natural and economic processes. It is possible to conduct analyzes and obtain results with the help of this method. Sometimes phenomena and processes co-exist and develop interdependently. In this case, it is necessary to determine the relationship between them, to express this relationship. Key words: perfect positive correlation, perfect negative correlation, direction of correlation, degree of correlation, methods of calculating correlation, Spearman᾽s method

Comparing the Canadian pork lean yields and grading indexes predicted from grading methods based on Destron and Hennessy probe measurements

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Pomar and M. Marcoux
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Yield Prediction ◽  
Probe Measurements

In Canada, actual grading methods based on Destron (DPG) and Hennessy (HGP) probe measurements were approved in 1994. This study was undertaken to verify if both grading methods predict similar lean yields and grading indexes in actual pork carcasses. Data from the following four databases were used, and included hot carcass weight, and backfat and muscle depths as measured by both probes: 1281 carcasses from the 1992 National Cutout, 495 and 76 carcasses from 1997 and 1998 Fédération des Producteurs de Porc du Québec studies respectively, and 266 from a 1999 Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada study. Probes were inserted alternatively at the Canadian grading site. Grading indexes were assigned from a 1999 official grid. For the four studied databases, the HGP-DPG lean yields were different from zero (P < 0.0001) with values of 0.33, 0.35, 0.36 and 0.18%, chronologically. The HGP-DPG grading indexes were also different from zero with values of 0.51 (P < 0.0001), 0.36 (P < 0.0001) and 0.50 (P < 0.0001), 0.21 (P < 0.09), respectively. The slope between lean yields and indexes were different from one, indicating that the underestimation of lean yields and indexes by the DPG method increased with carcass leanness. Key words: Pork, Hennessy, Destron, probes, lean yield, prediction

An evaluation of five methods for the determination of moisture in grass seeds

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 401-405
Author(s):  
N. A. Fairey
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Rapid Determination ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Moisture Determination ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Seed Crops ◽  
Time Of Harvest

Seed of four grass species was re-hydrated to 11 pre-determined moisture concentrations ranging from 100 to 600 g kg-1 fresh weight ( FW) to simulate seed maturation during swathing and combining. The performance characteristics of three thermogravimetric and two electronic capacitance methods of moisture determination were evaluated. The thermogravimetric methods had no moisture range limitations and were, in general, more accurate than the electronic methods. The thermogravimetric Koster tester is suitable for grass seeds of all moisture concentrations, and can be easily adapted for use at field sites. The John Deere Moisture- Chek electronic tester is suitable for the rapid determination of moisture in grass seeds but is limited to concentrations of 80–250 g kg-1 FW. Key words: Grass seed crops, seed moisture measurement, swathing, combining, time of harvest

scholarly journals About the soil-climatic border of South and Dry Steppe on the NorthWestern Black Sea

2010 ◽  
pp. 214-220
Author(s):  
G. Moroz
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Chestnut Soils ◽  
Dry Steppe

The analyses of approaches as to determination of limit of South and Dry Steppe in different zoning are conducted. It was set the limit between darkly chestnut soils and south chernozems on the NorthWestern Black Sea; the variants of differentiating of South and Dry Steppe are offered. Key words: zoning, Steppe, south chernozems, darkly chestnut soils.

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