EFFECTS OF FAUNATION, PROTEIN SOURCE AND SURGICAL MODIFICATION OF THE INTESTINAL TRACT UPON FLOWS OF CALCIUM, PHOSPHORUS AND MAGNESIUM IN THE DIGESTIVE TRACT OF SHEEP

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 853-863 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. BOILA ◽  
G. D. PHILLIPS
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Bypass Surgery ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Minimal Effect ◽  
Corn Gluten Meal ◽  
Corn Gluten ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus ◽  
P Absorption

Effects of faunation and protein source, corn gluten meal (CGM) versus soybean meal (SBM) upon Ca, P and Mg in the digestive tract of sheep were evaluated. Twelve yearling rams with cannulae in the abomasum and terminal ileum, and with sections of the small intestine bypassed (no bypass, n = 4; proximal third, n = 4; a distal third, n = 4) were used. All sheep were verified afaunated (protozoa-free) from birth; all sheep were faunated for the last half of the experiment. Negative Ca balances were obtained: for afaunated (P < 0.01) relative to faunated sheep, with less (P < 0.01) Ca absorbed in the stomach section and more (P < 0.01) Ca secreted in the large intestine of afaunated sheep; and for SBM (P = 0.07) as opposed to CGM fed sheep, with less (P < 0.01) Ca absorbed in the stomach section of SBM sheep. With SBM fed, afaunated sheep, the Ca balance was the same as that measured in all proximal bypass sheep. Proximal bypass surgery had a minimal effect (0.10 > P > 0.05), while protein source had no (P > 0.05) influence upon P or Mg. Faunation influenced P secretion (P < 0.05) and Mg absorption (P < 0.05) in the stomach section, and P absorption (P < 0.05) in the small intestine. More dietary P (P < 0.05) and Mg (P < 0.01) was absorbed from the digestive tract of faunated than afaunated sheep. Key words: Sheep, faunation, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, digestion

Comparison of corn gluten meal and meat meal as a protein source in dry foods formulated for cats

2002 ◽  
Vol 63 (9) ◽  
pp. 1247-1251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masayuki Funaba ◽  
Chiho Matsumoto ◽  
Kunihiro Matsuki ◽  
Ken Gotoh ◽  
Masahiro Kaneko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Source ◽  
Corn Gluten Meal ◽  
Meat Meal ◽  
Corn Gluten

scholarly journals Solubility and net exchange of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus in digesta flowing along the gut of the sheep

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Ben-Ghedalia ◽  
H. Tagari ◽  
S. Zamwel ◽  
A. Bondi
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Terminal Ileum ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Major Site ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Soluble P ◽  
P Absorption

1. The changes in the solubility of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus in digesta flowing along the intestinal tract and the net movement across the intestinal wall of these elements were determined in six rams, each equipped with three T-shaped cannulas; cannulas were placed in a total of six different sites of the small intestine. Cr2O3 was used as a marker substance to measure the rate of flow of the digesta.2. The concentrations of soluble Ca, Mg and P decreased as digesta moved along the intestine. The greatest fall in soluble Ca occurred after the first 3 m of the intestine, while a significant decrease in soluble Mg was found only at 15 and 25 m from the pylorus. The concentration of soluble P in digesta decreased until the 7 m site and then remained stable. In the faeces, the level of soluble Mg was approximately 4 times higher than, and that of Ca equal to, the levels of Mg and Ca found in digesta flowing through the upper intestine. Unlike Ca and Mg, a very low concentration of soluble P was found in the faeces.3. In the duodenum, 84, 78 and 62% of the total Ca, Mg and P respectively were soluble, whereas in the digesta flowing through the terminal ileum the corresponding values were 3·2, 7·2 and 19% for Ca, Mg and P respectively.4. The forestomachs and the colon were found to be the main sites of Mg net absorption; 1·12 mmol/h was apparently absorbed from the stomach and 1·05 mmol/h from the colon. The upper small intestine (1–3 m from the pylorus) appeared to be the major site of Ca and P absorption.5. In the last 10 m of the small intestine, considerable amounts of minerals were secreted; 4·70, 0·96 and 1·85 mmol Ca, Mg and P/h respectively were added to the digesta flowing between 15 and 25 m from the pylorus. The effect of the increase in the pH of digesta along the small intestine on the solubility of these minerals is discussed.

scholarly journals PSXI-20 Nitrogen use efficiency is affected by protein source in feedlot Nellore steers fed high-concentrate diets

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 405-406
Author(s):  
Vinícius C De Souza ◽  
Kênia G Alves ◽  
Juliana Messana ◽  
Erick Batista ◽  
Letícia Campos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Combustion Method ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Corn Gluten Meal ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Protein Sources ◽  
Corn Gluten ◽  
Use Efficiency

Abstract Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) has implications for production performance, economic efficiency and for the emission of contaminants to the environment. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate whether high-concentrate diets with different levels (10 and 13% crude protein) and protein source can affect the NUE and nitrogen (N) excretion. The protein sources tested were urea, dried distillers grains (DDG) and corn gluten meal. Our hypothesis is that reducing the level of N in the diet associated with the use of rumen undegradable protein (RUP) could increase the NUE in high-concentrate diets. The hypotheses were tested using 6 cannulated Nellore steers, rumen, duodenum and ileum arranged in 6×6 Latin square designed in factorial (2 nitrogen levels and 3 protein sources) balanced for residues. The concentration of N in samples was analyzed using the Dumas combustion method. The statistical analysis was performed using the MIXED procedure of the statistical package SAS. The N intake and retention was not affected by level and protein source (P &gt; 0.05). Fecal N excretion was not affected by the levels and protein sources tested (P &gt; 0.05). However, there was effect of protein source (P &lt; 0.001) and tendency to protein level in the diet (P &lt; 0.10) on urinary N excretion. In the treatments containing the urea source, there was an increase in the urinary N excretion (46.8 g.dia-1) compared to the Gluten and DDG sources with 28.8 and 27.0 g of N excreted in the urine per day, respectively. The NUE was affected by the protein source (P &lt; 0.05). Diets containing urea had lower NUE (31.8%) compared to corn gluten meal and DDG sources with NUE of 40.3 and 41.2%, respectively. Using RUP (DDG or Gluten) in high-concentrate diets can be a nutritional strategy for increase NUE and this response is partly attributable to decreased urinary N excretion.

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