scholarly journals ECONOMICS OF CALF PRODUCTION WITH FOREIGN CATTLE BREED CROSSES IN THE PARKLAND REGION OF WESTERN CANADA

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 961-972 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. G. SMITH ◽  
G. W. RAHNEFELD ◽  
K. K. KLEIN ◽  
J. E. LAWSON
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Cattle Breed ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Red Angus ◽  
Breed Crosses ◽  
Value Changes ◽  
Production Period ◽  
Calving Difficulty

The economics of calf production in the parkland region of western Canada was evaluated for calves of 31 three-breed crosses of foreign and British breeding. The data were derived from progeny produced at Brandon, Manitoba by mating heifers to Beefmaster or Red Angus bulls and cows to Charolais (C), Simmental (S), Limousin (L) and Chianina (Chi) bulls. There were 10 different first-cross dams including Hereford (H) × Angus (A) as the control (HA) and nine dam cross combinations produced by mating C, S and L sires with H, A and Shorthorn (N) dams. The performance data were for 572 F1 female crosses, with 2006 calves born and 1930 calves weaned during a production period of six consecutive years. Net farm income per HA unit dam (NFIPD) or receipts less expenses plus inventory value changes on a HA dam basis, was evaluated for each three-breed cross. The SN and CA dams produced the highest NFIPD. Overall, the CA dams bred to L sires returned the highest NFIPD with SN dams bred to C sires returning only $0.16 less. The NFIPD was approximately $20 higher for these two F1 female crosses than the next most profitable F1 female crosses. Limousin-cross dams produced the lowest NFIPD, up to $116 less than the CA or SN dams. The NFIPD ranking for the breed of dam's dam was A > N > H and for the breed of sire of dam was S = C > L. The terminal sires ranked L = C > Chi = S. Breed of sire of dam and breed of dam of dam interactions were present. The primary determinants of NFIPD differences among breed crosses were the weaning weight of calves, the percent of dams weaning a calf, calving difficulty, and daily digestible energy requirements for the dam. Key words: Economic, foreign, cattle, crossbreds, cow-calf

ECONOMICS OF CALF PRODUCTION WITH FOREIGN CATTLE BREED CROSSES IN THE SHORT-GRASS PRAIRIES

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 973-983 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. G. SMITH ◽  
G. W. RAHNEFELD ◽  
J. E. LAWSON ◽  
K. K. KLEIN
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Cattle Breed ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Calving Rate ◽  
Red Angus ◽  
Breed Crosses ◽  
Daily Gain

The net farm income per Hereford-Angus unit dam (NFIPD) from calf production in the short-grass prairies was evaluated for calves of 31 three-breed crosses of foreign and British breeding. The data were from progeny produced near Manyberries, Alberta by utilizing Beefmaster and Red Angus sires for the first mating and Charolais (C), Simmental (S), Limousin (L) and Chianina (Chi) terminal sires for subsequent matings. There were 10 first-cross dam crosses consisting of Hereford (H) × Angus (A) as the control (HA), and nine dam cross combinations produced by mating C, S and L sires with H, A and Shorthorn (N) dams. There were 578 F1 females that entered the project, giving birth to 2079 calves and weaning 1866 calves during six consecutive years of the program. Rankings of the three-breed cross calves by NFIPD indicated that the L sire bred to a SA dam (LSA) and the C sire bred to a SA dam (CSA) returned the highest NFIPD. The next most profitable breed crosses were the LCN, LCH and CSH with NFIPD all within $15 of the LSA. The LH F1 dams were the least profitable with NFIPD up to $146 less than the LSA. The LH were followed by the LN and SN F1 female crosses for being unprofitable. The terminal sires ranked L = C > S = Chi, the breed of sire of dam ranked C = S > L, and the breed of dam ranked A > H = N. The primary determinants of NFIPD differences among the breed crosses were birth weight, preweaning average daily gain, conception rates, calf deaths, calving rate, difficult calvings, and daily digestible energy requirements for the dam. Key words: Economics, cow-calf, foreign breeds, prairies

Kernel colour varies with cultivars and environments in barley

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Edney ◽  
T. M. Choo ◽  
D. Kong ◽  
T. Ferguson ◽  
K. M. Ho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Net Blotch ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Key Words Barley

Kernel colour is an important marketing trait for both malting and feed barleys. Therefore a study was initiated to investigate the kernel colour of 75 Canadian barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars at three locations (Charlottetown, Ottawa and Bentley) across Canada in 1991 and 1992. Kernel colour was measured by an Instrumar Colormet Spectrocolorimeter. Kernel colour was found to be brighter at the two locations in eastern Canada (Charlottetown and Ottawa) than at the location in western Canada (Bentley). Two-row cultivars on average were more discoloured than six-row cultivars; eastern two-row were more discoloured than western two-row. Covered barleys were less discoloured than hulless barleys in five of the six environments, but covered barleys at Bentley in 1992 were more discoloured than hulless barleys. Kernel discolouration appeared to be associated with susceptibility to net blotch for six-row cultivars. More studies are needed on kernel discolouration of barley. Key words: Barley, Hordeum vulgare, kernel colour

Hysyn100 summer turnip rape

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. Falk ◽  
F. M. Stoenescu
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Turnip Rape ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
Canola Quality

Hysyn100 summer turnip rape (Brassica rapa L.) is a canola-quality population-synthetic (Syn1) with high oil and protein contents that is well adapted to the short- and mid-season growing areas of western Canada. Key words: Turnip rape (summer), synthetic, cultivar description

Metribuzin residues in lentil following postemergence application

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan J. Cessna
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Residue Analysis ◽  
Mature Seed ◽  
Western Canada

In a study involving two sites in western Canada, residues of the herbicide metribuzin in lentil were monitored by gas chromatography following postemergence application at 0.28 kg a.i. ha−1. On the day of spraying, initial residues in lentil green foliage were of the order of 1 mg kg−1. Metribuzin residues in the green foliage continually decreased with time to non-detectable levels (< 0.02 mg kg−1) at 42 d after application. No metribuzin residues were detected in the straw or mature seed. Key words: Metribuzin, 4-amino-6-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-3-(methylthio-1,2,4-triazin-5(4H)-one; lentil, Lens culinaris Medic., residues, residue analysis, gas chromatography

scholarly journals SELEKSI BOBOT BADAN INDUK DAN EVALUASI KESULITAN PARTUS ANAK (Dystocia) SAPI BALI HASIL PERSILANGAN PEJANTAN SAPI LOKAL UNGGUL SULAWESI UTARA

ZOOTEC ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 486
Author(s):  
Umar Paputungan ◽  
Manopo Jouke Hendrik ◽  
Surtijono Edmundus Siswosubroto
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Cattle Breed ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Nonparametric Test ◽  
Body Dimensions ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Numerical Order ◽  
Female Cattle ◽  
Calving Difficulty

BODY WEIGHT SELECTION AND EVALUATION OF CALVING DIFFICULTY (Dystocia) IN BALI BREED FEMALE CATTLE MATED WITH OUTSTANDING LOCAL BULL OF NORTH SULAWESI. Records on calving performances of 217 parental dams of Bali beef cattle breed including their calves were used to study calving difficulty of Bali beef cattle breed heifers and cows with experiencing in delivery of more than one generation of calving. The difficulties of calving were scored into calving difficulty scores of six scores, initiated at score 0 indicating normal calving to score 5 indicating the most difficult calving delivery requiring surgery. The parental heifers and adult cows as well as their calves grazed onto places within local grass pasture all days starting at 07.00 a.m. to 17.30 p.m. without supplementary feeds of concentrate as the main management system practiced by 104 farmers as the animal owners at rural areas. Differences of calving difficulties in both Bali beef cattle breed groups of heifers and cows were analyzed by nonparametric test of “The Mann-Whitney U test”, using ranks of data based on the incidence frequencies of calving difficulty scores. Data of calving difficulty scores of both Bali beef cattle breed heifer group and cow group were ranked in to the numerical rank initiated from the lowest to largest numerical order. The calculated z value in this study indicating the incidence frequencies of calving difficulty in heifer group was significantly higher than those in cow group. Frequencies of calving difficulty on the category score basis in Bali beef cattle breed heifer group were significantly higher compared with those in Bali beef cattle breed cow group. Low live weights and body dimensions of heifer group highly tended to experience in the incidence and severity of calving difficulty compared with those of cow group. Selection of heifers with relatively well developed body dimensions and live weight relative to expected calf birth weight would be recommended to reduce calving difficulty.Keywords: Bali beef cattle breed, dam and calf body measurements, calving difficulty

Modification of beef quality through steer age at slaughter, breed cross and growth promotants

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Girard ◽  
J. L. Aalhus ◽  
J. A. Basarab ◽  
I. L. Larsen ◽  
H. L. Bruce
Keyword(s):  
Shear Force ◽  
Sarcomere Length ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Beef Quality ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
Colour Measurements ◽  
Hue Angle ◽  
Red Angus ◽  
Breed Crosses ◽  
Growth Promotants

Girard, I., Aalhus, J. L., Basarab, J. A., Larsen, I. L. and Bruce, H. L. 2012. Modification of beef quality through steer age at slaughter, breed cross and growth promotants. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 92: 175–188. A 23 factorial experiment tested the interactions of slaughter age (12–13 or 18–20 mo), growth implants use (Component E-S, TE-S), ractopamine hydrochloride (RAC) feed supplementation use and breed cross [Hereford–Aberdeen Angus (HAA) or Charolais–Red Angus (CRA)] on pH, temperature, objective colour measurements, relative myoglobin states, sarcomere lengths, shear force, and water losses of m. semitendinosus (ST) and m. gluteus medius (GM) from 112 crossbred steers. In the ST, age affected objective colour measurements by increasing chroma and decreasing lightness (L*) and hue angle (P<0.05). Metmyoglobin (MMB) content of the ST also increased with steer age (P<0.05). In the GM, yearling-fed steers had greater MMB content than calf-fed steers, while hue angle varied the opposite way (P<0.05). Other variations in meat colour and myoglobin contents were more complex in the GM than the ST as they involved three-way interactions between the different treatments. Shear force and purge loss of the ST increased with implantation (P<0.05) with no change in sarcomere length (P>0.05). Shear force standard deviation was similar for breed crosses when yearling-fed but greatest for CRA breed cross when calf-fed (P<0.05). In both muscles, purge loss was increased by RAC supplementation (P<0.05). RAC supplementation did not affect sarcomere length and shear force in both muscles (P>0.10). In the GM, shear force increased with age and with CRA genetics (P<0.05). Results indicated that producers seeking to reduce beef toughness should consider using British crossbreds, exclude the use of hormonal implants and slaughter process steers at 12 to13 mo of age.

Isoetes × marensis, a new interspecific hybrid from western Canada

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (9) ◽  
pp. 1345-1353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald M. Britton ◽  
Daniel F. Brunton
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
Key Words ◽  
North American ◽  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Hybrid Plants ◽  
Surface Ornamentation ◽  
Scanning Electron

A new interspecific hybrid in Isoetes, I. maritima Underw. × I. howellii Engelm., is delineated and described from the Shuswap Highlands region of British Columbia by means of cytology and scanning electron microscopy of spores. Isoetes × marensis D.M. Britton and D.F. Brunton, hyb.nov. is the name proposed for this taxon. It is triploid (3x; 2n = 33) and is believed to produce only sterile and (or) aborted spores. Hybrid plants have polymorphic spores that demonstrate size and surface ornamentation features intermediate between those of the putative parents. Three populations were examined, each growing with both of the putative parents in silt and sand among granite cobble over clay along an emergent lakeshore. Isoetes × marensis is the first described North American hybrid involving an amphibious Isoetes. It is expected to be a rare taxon owing to the restricted sympatric area of the putative parents and their tendency to occupy different habitats. Key words: Isoetes, Isoetes howellii, Isoetes maritima, hybrid, British Columbia.

Bioenergetics of Egg Production by Female House Sparrows

The Auk ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
David G. Krementz ◽  
C. Davison Ankney
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Passer Domesticus ◽  
Standard Metabolic Rate ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
House Sparrows ◽  
Energy Expenditures ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Production Period

Abstract To determine the daily and total energy expenditures of breeding female House Sparrows (Passer domesticus), we collected 276 females near London, Ontario between April 1981 and May 1983. Protein and fat content of developing follicles, eggs, and oviducts were determined and converted into their energy equivalents. Eight days were required to develop and lay a modal clutch of 4 eggs. Fat energy requirements were not estimable accurately because total body fat did not decline linearly over the egg production period; therefore, energy requirements were estimated as a range. Based on a 4-egg clutch, the maximum daily costs of reproduction, 16.5-17.6 kJ/day, equalled 44-47% of a female's standard metabolic rate. We estimate that daily costs very less than 10% for other clutch sizes (3 or 5). The total energy demand of reproduction was 66-71 kJ. Protein requirements comprised 59-63% of the total costs and were apportioned among oviduct (5-6%), yolk protein (17-19%), and albumen (36-39%). Fat requirements accounted for the remaining 37-41% of total costs. Based on our estimates of energy needed for reproduction, and on other evidence, we suspect that egg production by House Sparrows is not constrained by energy acquisition.

scholarly journals CALVING AND PREWEANING PERFORMANCE OF CROSSBRED PROGENY OF SOME FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC BEEF CATTLE BREEDS

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 583-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. NEWMAN ◽  
A. K. W. TONG ◽  
H. T. FREDEEN ◽  
G. W. RAHNEFELD
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Cattle Breed ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Beef Cow ◽  
Calving Ease ◽  
Postnatal Mortality ◽  
Beef Cattle Breeds ◽  
Calving Difficulty ◽  
Calving Traits ◽  
Intermediate Performance

Charolais-, Simmental- and Limousin-sired calves are compared for calving traits and preweaning growth based on observations of 3939 calves born in 48 western Canadian beef cow herds of Hereford, Angus and Shorthorn breeding during the period 1970–1972. Hereford cows produced calves with longer gestation lengths, higher birth weights, slower preweaning growth, and lower weaning weights than Angus cows. Shorthorn cows produced progeny with the shortest gestation lengths and intermediate performance in other traits. Limousin sires produced calves with the longest gestation lengths, the least calving difficulty, the lightest birth weights, the lowest birth-to-weaning mortality, and the slowest preweaning growth. Charolais-sired and Simmental-sired calves did not differ significantly in gestation length, postnatal mortality or preweaning growth rate, but Simmental-sired calves were lighter at birth and calved more easily. Breed-of-sire effects interacted with breed-of-dam effects for birth weight and with sex-of-calf effects for calving ease and most measurement traits, but these interactions did not generally involve a re-ranking of sire breeds. The economic impact of the results is briefly discussed. Key words: Beef cattle, breed effects, preweaning traits

Agassiz field pea

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 1167-1169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deng-Jin Bing ◽  
Don Beauchesne ◽  
Al Sloan ◽  
Robert Conner ◽  
Yantai Gan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Seed Shape ◽  
Lodging Resistance ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
Round Seed

Agassiz is a semi-leafless and powdery mildew resistant field pea (Pisum sativum L.) cultivar with yellow cotyledons, high seed yielding ability, good lodging resistance, round seed shape and medium seed size. It is adapted to field pea growing regions in western Canada. Key words: Field pea, Pisum sativum, cultivar description, yellow cotyledons

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