SOMATOSTATIN IMMUNIZATION AND GROWTH OF LAMBS

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. LAARVELD ◽  
R. K. CHAPLIN ◽  
D. E. KERR
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Standard Error ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Promoting Effect ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Daily Gain

Twenty cross-bred lambs were used in a replicated design to measure the growth-promoting effect of immunization against somatostatin. The lambs were immunized against human alpha-globulin (control) or against somatostatin coupled to human alpha-globulin in a 1:3.75 ratio (wt/wt) (SI). The first immunization occurred when the lambs were 27 d old, followed by three additional immunizations at 2-wk intervals. Growth was monitored from first immunization until the lambs were 103 d old. At the age of 103 d the SI lambs were heavier than the control lambs (33.2 ± 1.1 (mean ± standard error) vs. 30.1 ± 1.4 kg, P < 0.05). The average daily gain after first immunization of the SI lambs was 17% greater than that of the control lambs (310 ± 10 vs. 265 ± 10 g day−1, P < 0.05). Growth hormone and insulin secretory responses to glucose and arginine, glucose tolerance and somatomedin levels in plasma were not different between groups. Somatostatin immunization increased growth in lambs, but the mechanisms through which this occurs are not clear. Key words: Somatostatin, immunization, growth, lambs

PLASMA INSULIN AND GROWTH HORMONE IN GROWING LAMBS FED MONENSIN

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. MEARS ◽  
J. A. VESELY ◽  
K.-J. CHENG
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Lower Plasma ◽  
Apparent Increase ◽  
Ewe Lambs ◽  
Plasma Gh ◽  
Daily Gain

Plasma insulin and growth hormone (GH) were measured in 62 monensin-treated lambs and 59 control lambs from four experiments that were conducted to determine the effect of monensin treatment on average daily gain (ADG) and gain to feed ratio (G:F). Plasma GH concentrations were lower in lambs that received monensin (P < 0.05–0.01). The effect was greater in ram than in ewe lambs (P < 0.03). Monensin treatment started when lambs were only a few weeks old and resulted in a more rapid GH response than when older lambs were treated. In some, but not all, of the experiments the lower plasma GH concentrations occurred in conjunction with an increase in ADG and an apparent increase in G:F. Monensin had little effect on plasma insulin concentrations. Key words: Lambs, monensin, growth hormone, insulin

scholarly journals Multi-omics profiling highlights lipid metabolism alterations in pigs fed low-dose antibiotics

BMC Genetics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Hu ◽  
Yihe Zhang ◽  
Cong Liu ◽  
Rui Qin ◽  
Desheng Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Promoting Effect ◽  
Hybridization Capture ◽  
Elevated Expression ◽  
Metabolic Imbalance ◽  
Transcriptional Changes ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract Background In order to study the relations of hepatocellular functions, weight gain and metabolic imbalance caused by low-dose antibiotics (LDA) via epigenetic regulation of gene transcription, 32 weaned piglets were employed as animal models and randomly allocated into two groups with diets supplemented with 0 or LDA (chlorotetracycline and virginiamycin). Results During the 4 weeks of the experiment, LDA showed a clear growth-promoting effect, which was exemplified by the significantly elevated body weight and average daily gain. Promoter methylome profiling using liquid hybridization capture-based bisulfite sequencing (LHC-BS) indicated that most of the 745 differential methylation regions (DMRs) were hypermethylated in the LDA group. Several DMRs were significantly enriched in genes related with fatty acids metabolic pathways, such as FABP1 and PCK1. In addition, 71 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained by strand-specific transcriptome analysis of liver tissues, including ALOX15, CXCL10 and NNMT, which are three key DEGs that function in lipid metabolism and immunity and which had highly elevated expression in the LDA group. In accordance with these molecular changes, the lipidome analyses of serum by LC-MS identified 38 significantly differential lipids, most of which were downregulated in the LDA group. Conclusions Our results indicate that LDA could induce epigenetic and transcriptional changes of key genes and lead to enhanced efficiency of lipid metabolism in the liver.

A preliminary evaluation of growth and carcass traits in Alpine and Boer goat crosses

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Goonewardene ◽  
P. A. Day ◽  
N. Patrick ◽  
H. D. Scheer ◽  
D. Patrick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Boer Goat ◽  
Dressing Percentage ◽  
Daily Gain

Birth weights of Boer (BO) sired kids were 9% higher than Alpine (AL) sired kids. Weaning, 160 d weight and preweaning average daily gain (ADG) were similar for the AL × AL, AL × SA and BO × AL. Breed of dam was significant (P < 0.02) for birth, weaning, 100-d weight, and preweaning ADG. Similar dressing percentage (DP) and ribeye muscle area (REA) were observed among AL × AL, AL × SP, and BO × SP crosses. Key words: Crossbreeding, Boer, Alpine, growth, carcass, ultrasound

HERITABILITIES AND GENETIC CORRELATIONS FOR ULTRASONIC BACKFAT MEASUREMENTS, GROWTH AND CARCASS TRAITS IN SWINE

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 665-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. JEFFRIES ◽  
R. G. PETERSON
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Ultrasonic Measurements ◽  
Yorkshire Pigs ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Season Interaction

Genetic parameters were estimated for 2403 purebred Yorkshire pigs over a 2-yr period, representing 21 sires. The traits studied included average daily gain, age adjusted to 90 kg, ultrasonic measurements of backfat at the mid-back and loin positions, total and adjusted total ultrasonic backfat and corresponding carcass backfat measurements. Least squares analyses were used to estimate and adjust for the effects of sex, year-season and sex by year-season interaction. Heritabilities and genetic correlations were calculated for all traits using both half- and full-sib estimates. Adjusted age and adjusted total ultrasonic backfat measurements were found to have the highest heritabilities of the live traits in this study. Estimates of heritability for adjusted age and adjusted total ultrasonic backfat were 0.24 ± 0.10 and 0.26 ± 0.10 based on half-sib and 0.56 ± 0.07 and 0.41 ± 0.06 from full-sib analyses. The genetic correlation between these two traits was −0.07 ± 0.28 based on the half-sib method. The total phenotypic correlation was −0.01 ± 0.02. Key words: Swine, ultrasonic backfat, heritabilities, genetic correlations

Evaluation of the bloodless castration procedure for feedlot bulls

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 967-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. ZoBell ◽  
L. A. Goonewardene ◽  
K. Ziegler
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Daily Gain

Studies were undertaken to evaluate bloodless castration (B) based on growth and carcass traits. During the first 28 d, bloodless and surgical (S) castrates showed a 51–53% and 68–73% reduction in average daily gain, respectively, compared with intact bulls (I) (P < 0.05) in two trials. Bulls grew faster than steers overall. Carcass traits and grade were similar for B, S and I (P > 0.05). Key words: Bloodless, surgical, castration, growth, carcass traits

The effect of deworming naturally infected heifers on liveweight gain, reproductive performance and fecal egg counts

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-293
Author(s):  
S. L. Boyles ◽  
L. J. Johnson ◽  
W. D. Slanger ◽  
B. J. Kreft ◽  
J. D. Kirsch
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Fecal Sample ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Age At Puberty ◽  
Daily Gain

Twenty-six of 52 heifers with an average liveweight of 318 kg were dewormed by intraruminal injection of oxfendazole and placed in drylot on 31 January. The other 26 animals served as controls. All heifers were pastured starting on 14 June and the treatment heifers were dewormed in the same manner as at the start of the experiment (31 January) on 1 July and 31 July. The groups started out with similar total worm eggs per gram of fecal sample, but the dewormed heifers had fewer counts each month thereafter. The drylot average daily gain of the treated heifers was higher (P = 0.01) and less variable (P = 0.12) and by 29 May these animals were heavier by 11.7 kg (P = 0.10). The treated animals did not gain as fast on pasture (P = 0.20), but the gain continued to be less variable (P = 0.09). Age at puberty was not different. Number of open heifers in the treated group was 4 vs. 15% for the control group (P = 0.18). Deworming by intraruminal injection resulted in faster feedlot gains, more uniform gains during both drylot and pasture, reduced parasites and no abscess at injection sites. Key words: Anthelmintics, oxfendazole, cattle, heifers

THE BIOASSAY OF GROWTH HORMONE IN SNELL'S DWARF MICE: EFFECTS OF THYROXINE AND PROLACTIN ON THE DOSE—RESPONSE CURVE

1973 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. WALLIS ◽  
JENNIFER A. DEW
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Response Curve ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Promoting Effect ◽  
Pituitary Growth Hormone ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Dependent Growth ◽  
Dwarf Mice ◽  
Dose Dependent

SUMMARY Pituitary growth hormone has a dose-dependent growth promoting effect in pituitary dwarf mice (Snell's strain), and this effect can be used as the basis of a bioassay for the hormone. Prolactin and thyroxine also promote growth in these animals, and the effects of these hormones in combination with growth hormone were studied, in order to see whether their presence might enhance the precision or sensitivity of the growth hormone assay. When prolactin and/or thyroxine were administered with growth hormone, the growth response observed was no greater than the sum of the effects of the hormones given separately; in some cases it was less. Neither prolactin nor thyroxine increase the sensitivity or precision of the growth hormone bioassay. The implications of these results for theories about the mechanisms of growth promotion by these hormones are considered.

Effects of a new sweetener, Stevia, on performance of newly weaned pigs

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 529-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Munro ◽  
A. Lirette ◽  
D. M. Anderson ◽  
H. Y. Ju
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
Gain Ratio ◽  
Daily Gain

Two-hundred and nine purebred Yorkshire newly weaned piglets were used to determine the effect of the sweetener Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana) at 83.3, 167 or 334 mg kg−1 diet on feed consumption (FC), average daily gain (ADG) and feed to gain ratio (F/G) compared with treatments with 5% sucrose and no sweetener (control; C). The Stevia-containing diets did not appear to have detrimental effects on the FC and F/G ratios of the piglets when compared with C. The results indicated only a limited potential for Stevia as feed additive for piglets. Key words: Sweetener, palatability, Stevia, weaned pigs

SOMATOSTATIN IMMUNIZATION AND GROWTH IN LAMBS

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 312-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. K. CHAPLIN ◽  
D. E. KERR ◽  
B. LAARVELD
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Growth Hormone Response ◽  
Hormone Response ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
And Control

Somatostatin immunization of lambs resulted in a 16% higher rate of gain (P < 0.05). Glucose, thyrotropin-releasing hormone and arginine infusions showed no difference between treated and control animals in growth hormone response or in glucose tolerance. Key words: Somatostatin immunization, growth, growth hormone, lambs

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