MODULATION OF RETICULO-RUMINAL MOTILITY IN GOATS AND SHEEP BY OPIOID MECHANISMS

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 8-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. J. P. A. M. VAN MIERT ◽  
C. L. MAAS
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Central Action ◽  
Sheep And Goats ◽  
Opioid Mechanisms ◽  
Ruminal Contractions ◽  
Peripheral Action

Normorphine and naloxone were administered via selective routes in sheep and goats. The results with normorphine indicate the presence of both (1) a central action depressing frequency and amplitude and, (2) a peripheral action — probably on the intramural plexus — depressing only the amplitude of the cyclical reticulo-ruminal contractions. Key words: Sheep, goat, normorphine, naloxone, forestomach motility

Effects of porcine relaxin on the length of gestation and duration of parturition in the rat

1986 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Jones ◽  
A. J. S. Summerlee
Keyword(s):  
Rat Plasma ◽  
Central Action ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Prolonged Labour ◽  
Peripheral Action ◽  
Length Of Gestation

ABSTRACT Experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of porcine relaxin on the course of gestation and delivery in the rat. Plasma relaxin was maintained at approximately 600 nmol/l from day 19 to day 23 of gestation by i.v. infusion from chronically implanted minipumps. Relaxin significantly (P<0·001) prolonged the length of gestation in 17 rats compared with controls, without causing dystocia or affecting the number of live births. Six rats gave birth during relaxin infusion. In these animals there was a significant (P<0·001) increase in the interval between successive deliveries compared with control animals, resulting in prolonged labour. The remaining 11 rats gave birth after the infusion was completed, when the interval between successive deliveries was significantly (P< 0·025) shorter than controls. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that relaxin has a central action suppressing the release of oxytocin as well as a peripheral action on the myometrium and cervix. J. Endocr. (1986) 109, 85–88

Cholecystokinin and leptin act synergistically to reduce body weight

2000 ◽  
Vol 278 (4) ◽  
pp. R882-R890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire A. Matson ◽  
Dana F. Reid ◽  
Todd A. Cannon ◽  
Robert C. Ritter
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Central Action ◽  
Weight Regulation ◽  
Body Weight Regulation ◽  
Obese Gene ◽  
Reduce Body Weight ◽  
Rats And Mice ◽  
Peripheral Action

Leptin, the product of the obese gene, reduces food intake and body weight in rats and mice, whereas administration of the gut-peptide CCK reduces meal size but not body weight. In the current experiments, we report that repeated daily combination of intracerebroventricular leptin and intraperitoneal CCK results in significantly greater loss of body weight than does leptin alone. However, leptin plus CCK treatment does not synergistically reduce the size of individual 30-min sucrose meals during this period, and the effect of leptin-CCK combination on daily chow intake, while significant, is small compared with the robust effects on body weight loss. This synergistic effect on body weight loss depends on a peripheral action of CCK and a central action of leptin. These data suggest a previously unsuspected role for CCK in body weight regulation that may not depend entirely on reduction of feeding behavior and suggest a strategy for enhancing the effects of leptin in leptin-resistant obese individuals.

scholarly journals INHIBITION OF FORESTOMACH MOTILITY BY SHORT-CHAIN VOLATILE FATTY ACIDS IN SHEEP

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 11-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. GREGORY
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Myenteric Plexus ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Ruminal Contractions

Ruminal infusions of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) abolished intrinsic forestomach contractions (vagotomized sheep) and secondary ruminal and reticular contractions at similar concentrations. Lower VFA concentrations abolished primary ruminal contractions. VFA mixtures were inhibitory by summation of individual VFA effects. Inhibition may involve direct effects on the forestomach musculature or myenteric plexus. Key words: Sheep, forestomach motility, volatile fatty acids

scholarly journals Orexin Regulates Bone Remodeling via a Dominant Positive Central Action and a Subordinate Negative Peripheral Action

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 927-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Wei ◽  
Toshiyuki Motoike ◽  
Jing Y. Krzeszinski ◽  
Zixue Jin ◽  
Xian-Jin Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Remodeling ◽  
Central Action ◽  
Peripheral Action

The use of Reserpine in Chronic Psychotic Patients: A Controlled Trial

1956 ◽  
Vol 102 (428) ◽  
pp. 530-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorna Wing
Keyword(s):  
Latent Period ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
Reticular Formation ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Central Action ◽  
Midbrain Reticular Formation ◽  
Peripheral Action

Reserpine is one of the active alkaloids extracted from the root of the plant Rauwolfia Serpentina. The physiological changes resulting from the use of the drug in animals—such as hypotension, bradycardia, sedation, increased peristalsis, meiosis, etc.—are probably the result of a central action. The precise sites are not known although it seems likely that one of them is the midbrain reticular formation. There is no evidence of any peripheral action, nor of any direct effect on the cortex. The reason for the long latent period, before the drug begins to show an action is still obscure (Lancet Leader, 1955; Mover, 1955; Plummer et al., 1954). The recent work on the pharmacological relationships between Reserpine, Serotonin and the hallucinogens suggests interesting possibilities (Pletscher et al., 1955; Shore et al., 1955).There is already a considerable literature on the toxic effects of Reserpine, the most serious of which are Parkinsonism, of a post-encephalitic type, and severe depression (Achor et al., 1955; Barsa and Kline, in press; Locket, 1955; Schroeder and Perry, 1955; Stead and Wing, 1955).

scholarly journals Epidural Analgesia in Sheep and Goats: A Review of Recent Literature

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 197
Author(s):  
Zuhair Bani Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Epidural Analgesia ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Local Anesthesia ◽  
Magnesium Sulphate ◽  
Small Ruminant ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Data Bases ◽  
Sheep And Goats ◽  
Surgical Operations

This study was carried out to review the current literature concerning recent advances in the techniques, drugs and drug combinations used to induce epidural analgesia in sheep and goats. Data bases such as PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar were searched using key words such as small ruminant anesthesia, local anesthesia in ruminants, and epidural analgesia in sheep and goats to retrieve recently published articles in this subject. Only articles published between 2007 and 2016 were considered. Relevant references in the bibliographies of included articles were also retrieved for review. A total of 14 research papers (7 in sheep and 7 in goats) published in refereed journals between 2007 and 2016 were reviewed. The lumbosacral space was used in 9 and the first intercoccygeal space was used in one article. The most common drugs used to induce epidural analgesia in sheep and goats were 2% lidocaine with and without epinephrine, bupivacaine, ropivacaine, magnesium sulphate, xylazine, ketamine, and tramadol, methadone, and morphine. The results of these studies indicated adequate analgesia for surgical operations of the perineum could be safely concluded in sheep and goats using any of the discussed drugs or their combinations.

Multislice imaging of gastrointestinal stromal tumors

2018 ◽  
pp. 3-14
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ◽  
Mesenchymal Tumors ◽  
Stromal Tumors ◽  
Preferential Localization ◽  
Multislice Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography Diagnosis

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the digestive tract (1%). These tumors express the CD 117 in 95% of cases. The stomach is the preferential localization (70%). Diagnosis is difficult and sometimes late. Progress of imaging has greatly improved the management and the prognosis. Computed tomography (CT) is the gold standard for diagnosis, staging, and treatment follow-up. The increasing recognition of GIST’s histopathology and the prolonged survival revealed some suggestive imaging aspects. Key words: gastro-intestinal stromal tumors; computed tomography; diagnosis

METHODS OF CONSULTING ON STUDYING THE DEGREE OF MOISTURE SUPPLY OF SLOPE LANDS FOR AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN AZERBAIJAN

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prof.RAE Aliev Z.H.
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Soil Ecology ◽  
Arable Soil ◽  
Clean Technology ◽  
Agricultural Product ◽  
Current Information ◽  
Moisture Supply ◽  
Managerial System

The current information on moisture and the temperature of the ground in managerial system by production to agricultural product necessary, in the first place, for taking the operative decisions at development ecological clean technology irrigation under growing agricultural cultures to achieve the maximum harvest. Key words: aerospace methods, COW, moisture, moisture test, arable, soil, ecology, vafer humidity, drill, graduation, tool, etc.

PELAKSANAAN HUKUM KEWARISAN ISLAM DI PENGADILAN AGAMA BANTEN

ALQALAM ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
Yusuf Somawinata
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Adopted Children ◽  
Inheritance Law ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The Ideal

This article aims at describing the obseroance of wasiat wajibah (compulsory bequeathment) in the Islamic court of Banten, analyzing the provision of the substitute heir and adopted children in the Compilation of  Islamic Law (KHI). In addition, the ideal laws to manage the innheritance rules in Indonesia. This article is library research by using doctrinal approach and using case study and survey methods. The data was, then, analyzed by using analytical descriptive and analytical correlative methods. The result showed that the observance of wasiat wajibah in the Islamic court of  Banten employed by judges is by using the Mawali Hazairin’s Doctrine. The criteria of the adoption of substitute heir and adopted children in the KHI is the attempts of Ulama and many judgees junst in giving legal justice and certainty to the society.   Key Words: Islamic Inheritance Law, Compilation of Islamic Law, Islamic court of  Banten

Phosphorus fertilization in inbred and hybrid rice

1970 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-187
Author(s):  
MR Islam ◽  
PK Saha ◽  
SK Zaman ◽  
MJ Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilization ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilizer ◽  
Yield Difference ◽  
P Balance ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
Boro Rice

Five phosphorus rates (0, 5, 10, 20 and 30 kg P/ha) were tested with four rice genotypes in Boro (BRRI dhan36, BRRI dhan45, EH1 and EH2) and T. Aman (BRRI dhan30, BRRI dhan49, EH1 and EH2) season. Phosphorus rates did not influence grain yield irrespective of varieties in T. Aman season while in Boro season P response was observed among the P rates. Application of P @ 10 kg/ha significantly increased the grain yield. But when P was applied @ 20 and 30 kg P/ha, the grain yield difference was not significant. The optimum and economic rate of P for T. Aman was 20 kg P/ha but in Boro rice the optimum and economic doses of P were 22 and 30 kg/ha, respectively. Hybrid entries (EH1 and EH2) used P more efficiently than inbred varieties. A negative P balance was observed up to 10 kg P/ha. Key words: Response; Phosphorus fertilizer; Inbred; Hybrid rice DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v19i2.8962 DUJBS 2010; 19(2): 181-187

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