EFFECTS OF POSTWEANING PROTEIN REGIMENS AND UREA ON THE PERFORMANCE OF INTENSIVELY REARED LAMBS

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 631-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. HEANEY ◽  
J. N. B. SHRESTHA ◽  
H. F. PETERS
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Sufficient Time ◽  
Protein Requirements ◽  
Natural Protein ◽  
Dietary Crude Protein

Seven hundred fifty artificially reared lambs that had been weaned from milk replacer at 3 wk of age were randomly assigned, at weaning, to 12 ration sequences: 20% vs 17% dietary crude protein from weaning to 56 days of age, 17% dietary protein from 57 to 98 days of age and 17 vs 14% dietary protein from 99 to 140 days of age and each of the resulting four dietary protein concentration regimens with the protein being provided as natural protein throughout, with 30% of the protein being provided as urea throughout or with 30% of the protein being provided as urea from 57 to 140 days of age. The diets contained 72% corn-soybean meal, or corn-soybean-meal-urea and 20% ground hay, providing about 3 mcal/kg of digestible energy. Maximum growth performance was achieved by the lambs fed diets containing only natural protein in the concentration sequence of 20/17/17. However, the advantage (though statistically significant at a probability of 0.05) was small and slightly lower gains with the protein sequence of 17/17/14 might prove economical because of the savings in expensive protein supplement. There was generally no advantage in growth performance as a result of 17% vs 14% dietary protein after 98 days of age. The results also indicated that such lambs can adapt to, and utilize, urea but that introduction of urea should be delayed for about 2 wk after weaning to allow sufficient time for development of fully functional rumens. Key words: Lambs, protein requirements, urea, artificially reared, early weaned

The nutrition of the early weaned lamb:I. The influence of protein concentration and feeding level on rate of gain in body weight

1970 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Andrews ◽  
E. R. Ørskov
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Protein Requirements ◽  
Feeding Level ◽  
Agricultural Research Council ◽  
Dietary Crude Protein ◽  
Body Weights

SUMMARYThe live-weight gains of male and female lambs were measured during growth from 16 to 40 kg live weight when five cereal-based diets varying in dietary crude protein concentration (from 10 to 20%) were given at three levels in a 5×3×2 factorial design.Males grew faster than females by about 15% (P < 0·001); this difference increased with age and with the amount of feed given (P < 0·05). Growth rate responded linearly to increase in feeding level (P < 0·001) and curvilinearly to increase in dietary protein concentration (P < 0·01). A significant interaction (P < 0·01) occurred whereby growth increased with higher protein concentrations as feeding level increased.At the highest feeding level (near ad libitum) the results suggest that the optimum dietary crude protein concentration for growth was about 17·5, 15·0, 12·5 and 12·5% at body weights of 20, 25, 30 and 35 kg respectively. The overall optimum dietary crude protein concentration for growth between 16 and 40 kg body weight was about 17·0, 15·0 and 11·0% when the mean digestible energy intake was 3·0, 2·6 and 2·1 Mcal/day.The results agree reasonably well with estimates of protein requirements for lambs given by the Agricultural Research Council (1965).

Studies with the Australian Cashmere Goat. II. Effects of dietary protein concentration and feeding level on body composition of male and female goats

1987 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 971 ◽  
Author(s):  
AJ Ash ◽  
BW Norton
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Feeding Level ◽  
Dietary Crude Protein ◽  
Ad Libitum

The effects of plane of nutrition (ad libitum and 75% ad libitum) and dietary crude protein concentration (11.3, 16.0 and 20.9% crude protein) on body composition of male and female weaner goats were studied in a comparative slaughter experiment. The initial chemical composition of the body (water, ash, protein, fat) and dissectible tissue fractions of the carcass (muscle, fat, bone) of the experimental goats were estimated from regression equations, derived from a group of twelve comparable kids. The final chemical composition and carcass tissue distribution were determined directly by chemical and dissection analyses. There was no effect of dietary crude protein concentration on the chemical composition of the empty body weight (EBW) gain or on carcass tissue distribution. The lack of any response to dietary protein was attributed to similar levels of protein/energy available at the small intestine despite large differences in crude protein intake. Ad libitum feeding, however, resulted in significantly more fat (31.0 v. 22.6% of EBW gain) and less water (51.1 v. 56.4% of EBW gain) in the composition of the gain compared with restricted feeding. There was no effect of feeding level on protein or ash content of the body. Goats fed ad libitum had significantly less muscle (60.1 v. 62.5%) and more dissectible fat (19.5 v. 16.3%) in their carcasses than kids restricted in their intake. Females had significantly more fat (32.7 v. 22.4% of EBW gain) but less water (48.4 v. 57.9% of EBW gain) and nitrogen (2.2 v. 2.8% of EBW gain) in their body gain than did males. Similarly, the carcass of females contained more dissectible fat (22.6 v. 13.2%) but less bone (15.8 v. 19.3%) and muscle (58.5 v. 64.1%) than males. The efficiency of utilization of dietary energy for growth and fattening (kf) was similar (0.32) for all groups of kids.

scholarly journals Meat production of young and adult Kejobong goats fed diets with different protein concentration

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-59
Author(s):  
Nuning Ari Purnami ◽  
Endang Purbowati ◽  
Edy Rianto
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Dietary Crude Protein

This study was aimed to examine the effect of dietary crude protein (CP) concentration on carcass and meat production in young and adult Kejobong goats. This study used 8 young (5 months) and 8 adult (9 months) Kejobong goats; which were allocated to a randomized nested design, with an age of goat as the nest, and treatment applied was dietary protein concentration (T1: 9.96%; T2: 14.66%). The parameters observed were dry matter intake (DMI), CP intake (CPI), body weight gain (BWG), and the production of carcass meat. The results showed that the DMI of adult goats (910 g/d) was higher (P<0.05) than that of young goats (680 g/d). The goats fed diet T2 had higher (P<0.05) DMI, CPI, and BWG (855 g, 140 g, and 94 g/d, respectively) than those of T1 (725 g/d, 80 g/d, and 59 g/d). Slaughter weight, carcass weight and carcass meat weight, and carcass meat percentage of adult goats (28.09 kg, 13.19 kg, 8.60 kg and 64.94%, respectively) were higher (P <0.05) than those of young goats (20.06 kg, 8.72 kg, 5.46 kg, and 62.06%, respectively). The weight and percentage of carcass meat of T2 (8.30 kg and 64.99%, respectively) were higher (P<0.05) than those of T1 (5.75 kg and 62.06%, respectively). The meat-bone ratio of adult goats was higher (P<0.05) than that of young goats (3.53 vs 2.85). The meat-bone ratio of T2 (3.58) was higher (P<0.05) than that of T1 (2.80). It was concluded that adult Kejobong goats produced more meat than the young ones, and the goat-fed diet with 14.66% CP produced more meat than that with 9.96% CP.

Effects of dietary protein concentration on energetic efficiency and methane emission in lactating dairy cows

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 24-24
Author(s):  
T Yan ◽  
F J Young ◽  
D C Patterson ◽  
C S Mayne
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Methane Emission ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Energetic Efficiency ◽  
Dietary Crude Protein ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Dietary Protein Source

A series of studies have been undertaken to examine effects of dietary protein source and concentration on milk production, energy and nitrogen (N) utilisation efficiencies and fertility in dairy cows. The present study evaluated effects of dietary crude protein (CP) concentration on energetic efficiency and methane emission in lactating dairy cows.

Nitrogen utilization of growing-finishing Barbados Blackbelly lambs

1979 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. O. Osuji ◽  
C. Devers
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Protein Requirements ◽  
Faecal Nitrogen ◽  
Urinary Nitrogen

SummaryTwelve 6–8 months old male Barbados Blackbelly lambs were used in a 4 × 4 latin square experiment with three replicates to study the utilization of diets made from local by-products and containing 64, 93, 125 or 143 g crude protein/kgD. M.Both dry-matter (mean 750·1 g/day) and digestible-energy (mean 6·2 MJ DE/day) intakes, and their digestibility coefficients increased, though not significantly, with increasing dietary protein concentration. However, nitrogen digestibility, urinary-nitrogen output and nitrogen retention all increased significantly (P< 0·01) with increasing dietary protein concentration.Metabolic faecal nitrogen and endogenous urinary nitrogen derived from the intercept of significant regressions of nitrogen intake against urine and faecal nitrogen outputs were 5·07 g/kg dry matter eaten and 3·46 g/day (0·35 kg W0·75) respectively. The diets had a mean biological value of 73·6%. The digestible crude protein requirements for maintenance were (g/day) 29·0, 38·4 and 26·6 when estimated from nitrogen retention, factorially and from live-weight performance respectively.

Dietary Protein Requirements of Fishes — A Reassessment

1987 ◽  
Vol 44 (11) ◽  
pp. 1995-2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen H. Bowen
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Trophic Ecology ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Maximum Growth Rate ◽  
Intake Rate ◽  
Protein Requirement ◽  
Fish Physiology ◽  
Protein Retention

It is widely believed that fishes require more dietary protein than other vertebrates. Many aspects of fish physiology, nutrition, and trophic ecology have been interpreted within the context of this high protein requirement. Here, fishes are compared with terrestrial homeotherms in terms of (1) protein requirement for maintenance, (2) relative protein concentration in the diet required for maximum growth rate, (3) protein intake rate required for maximum growth rate, (4) efficiency of protein retention in growth, and (5) weight of growth achieved per weight of protein ingested. The two animal groups compared differ only in relative protein concentration in the diet required for maximum growth rate. This difference is explained in terms of homeotherms' greater requirement for energy and does not reflect absolute differences in protein requirement. The remaining measures of protein requirement suggest that fishes and terrestrial homeotherms are remarkably similar in their use of protein as a nutritional resource. Reinterpretation of the role of protein in fish physiology, nutrition, and trophic ecology is perhaps in order.

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