GENERAL, SPECIFIC, MATERNAL AND RECIPROCAL EFFECTS FOR EWE PRODUCTIVITY IN CROSSING FIVE BREEDS OF SHEEP

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. B. SHRESTHA ◽  
W. E. REMPEL ◽  
W. J. BOYLAN ◽  
K. P. MILLER
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Reciprocal Effects ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Breeding Strategies ◽  
Agricultural Experiment Stations ◽  
Agricultural Experiment ◽  
Breed Crosses ◽  
The University

Five breeds of sheep (Minnesota 100, 102, 103 and 105, and Shropshire), and their two breed crosses, including reciprocals, were raised at the University of Minnesota's Agricultural Experiment Stations, Rosemount and Waseca. Included in this study were 421 purebred and 1037 crossbred ewes and their 367 purebred and 849 Suffolk-sired crossbred lambs born over a 5-yr period. Estimates of heterosis, pure breed, general, specific, maternal and reciprocal effects were obtained for fertility, prolificacy, livability, overall reproduction, and total and average lamb weights per ewe at birth and weaning (100 days). Significant differences were observed for prolificacy, livability, and total and average lamb weights per ewe at birth and weaning. General combining ability was important (P < 0.01) for prolificacy and average lamb weight per ewe at birth and weaning. Specific combining ability was significant for prolificacy, total lamb weight per ewe at birth, and average lamb weight per ewe at weaning. Maternal and reciprocal effects were not important (P > 0.05). Significant interactions of location with specific combining ability and maternal ability were observed for average lamb weight per ewe at weaning. Breeds ranked differently on purebred performance and general combining ability. Heterosis, pure breeds, and general and specific combining ability had important effects. Therefore, both additive and non-additive effects should be considered in developing breeding strategies to maximize productivity for commercial lamb production. Key words: Sheep, breed, ewe productivity, genetic effects

scholarly journals Combining ability of grain sorghum lines selected for Aluminum tolerance

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cicero Beserra Menezes ◽  
Geraldo Afonso de Carvalho Júnior ◽  
Lidianne Assis Silva ◽  
Karine Costa Bernardino ◽  
Vander Fillipe Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flowering Time ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Aluminum Tolerance ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Al Tolerance ◽  
Male Line

The purpose of this study was to estimate combining ability of 58 sorghum lines previously selected for Aluminum (Al) tolerance. One hundred sixty-five hybrids were evaluated at three levels of Al saturation (0%, 20% and 50%) at the same season. General Combining Ability (GCA) effects were significant for female lines for all three traits. GCA effects for male lines were significant only for plant height. Specific Combining Ability (SCA) effects were significant only for flowering time. The ratio GCA to SCA was greater than the unity, indicating the prevalence of additive effects for the control of Al tolerance. F7, F14, F17, F20, F21, F24, F29, F31, F41, F42, F48, F51, F54 and F55 lines contributed to increase yield, while F29, F48 and F51 also contributed to reduce flowering time. M2 was the best male line since it contributed to increase yield and plant height, and to reduce flowering time.

GENETIC ANALYSIS OF QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERS IN CIGAR AND PIPE TOBACCO NICOTIANA TABACUM II. GRADES OF CIGAR FILLER TOBACCO

1981 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 585-590
Author(s):  
I. S. Ogilvie ◽  
V. Kozumplik
Keyword(s):  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Reciprocal Effects ◽  
Total Percentage ◽  
Nicotiana Tabacum L ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Pipe Tobacco

A diallel cross of four cigar and one pipe tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) was analyzed for the following characters in samples of cured tobacco: (1) percentage of light filler; (2) percentage of heavy filler; (3) percentage of top filler; (4) percentage of bottom filler; (5) percentage of total filler; (6) percentage of marketable trash and (7) total percentage of marketable tobacco. The experiment was performed over three years with four replications. Analysis was done for general combining ability and specific combining ability. General combining ability was greater than specific combining ability for all parameters, although specific combining ability effects were also present for all parameters with the exception of total marketable tobacco. Reciprocal effects were completely absent. The line Pennbel 69 showed a negative general combining ability effect for all grades of filler, total filler and total marketable tobacco with a positive effect for percentage of marketable trash. High positive specific combining ability effects for percentage total filler and high negative specific combining ability effects for percentage marketable trash were shown by crosses of Pennbel 69 with the other four cultivars.

scholarly journals General and specific combining ability of cotton germplasm in Mozambique using circulant dialells

2021 ◽  
pp. 933-939
Author(s):  
Leonel Domingos Moiana ◽  
Pedro Soares Vidigal Filho ◽  
Manuel Pedro Maleia ◽  
Sudanailly Mufambira ◽  
Joaquim João ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton

The genetic diversity of species is an important way to maintain the natural capacity to respond to climate change and all stresses. This study aimed to estimate the general combining ability (GCA) and the specific combining ability (SCA) of the characteristics among 41 cotton cultivars and 9 inbred lines using circulant diallel. In 2016, 41 cultivars and 9 inbred lines and 75 hybrid combinations were evaluated at the Namialo Cotton Research and Seed and Multiplication Centre in the Meconta District, Nampula province. The experimental design was Federer's augmented blocks with four repetitions. The evaluated characteristics were: days for 50% of flowering (DAFlw), days for 50% of fruiting (DAFrut), plant height, average number of bolls (AnB), seed cotton yield in kilograms per hectare (Yield) and the mass of one hundred seeds (M100). The algorithm for establishing diallel crosses was based on Kempthorne and Curnow, where S was equal to 3. There was a predominance of non-additive effects for all characteristics analysed. The genotypes ALBAR FQ 902, IRMA 12-43 and MARICO showed greater additive effects for DAFlw, DAFrut, AnB, Yield and, M100

Heterosis and Combining Ability in Wheat under Irrigation and Moisture Stress

1974 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 241-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. P. Sinolinding ◽  
A. Rehman Chowdhry
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Reciprocal Effects ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Effective Selection

SUMMARYAnalysis of a 4-parent diallel cross showed marked heterosis for yield and its components in two crosses (Mexipak × Dirk and C273 × AU49) under irrigation, while little or negative heterosis occurred under moisture stress. A large part of the genetic variation among crosses for yield, and most components of yield, was attributed to the general combining ability, indicating that the additive effects were important. Reciprocal effects and various interactions were insignificant except for kernel weight, which suggests that effective selection could be made under irrigation of genotypes adaptable to moisture stress.

HETEROSIS, COMBINING ABILITY, AND PREDICTED SYNTHETICS FROM A DIALLEL CROSS IN SUNFLOWERS (HELIANTHUS ANNUUS L.)

1966 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric D. Putt
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Seed Characters ◽  
Mature Weight

Heterosis occurred for the eight plant and seed characters studied. It was most frequent for yield of seed and height of plant. Mean squares for general combining ability (gca) and specific combining ability (sca) were significant (P =.01) for all characters. The estimated components for gca were greater than for sca for days to mature, weight per bushel, and percent oil in the seed; less for height and yield of seed; and essentially the same for days to bloom, diameter of head, and weight per 1000 seeds.The yield of seed and percent oil in the seed, for the highest ranking 100 synthetics that could be composed from the 10 lines, was predicted in F6 assuming 50 and 60% outcrossing between F2 and F6. Virtually all values exceeded the mean performance of four check samples of commercial hybrids. Many exceeded the highest rank check for oil content in the seed. Fourteen of the highest ranking 100 synthetics for yield and 30 for oil content consisted of two or three lines. It was concluded that synthetics can be superior to the present hybrids in heterosis and that desirable synthetics can be made from only a few lines.

HETEROSIS IN DIALLEL CROSSES AMONG SIX VARIETIES OF HARD RED SPRING WHEAT

1969 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 810-822 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Knott ◽  
S. S. Sindagi
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Diallel Crosses ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat

Diallel crosses were made among six varieties of hard red spring wheat that differed considerably in yield and other characteristics. The F1 hybrids were tested at two seeding rates and the F2, hybrids at one. Heterosis was not great in either generation and no cross appeared to be promising. General combining ability was much more important than specific combining ability and parental yields gave reasonable predictions of hybrid yields. Yields of hybrids at the two seeding rates were closely correlated.

scholarly journals Association between Griffing's diallel and the adaptability and stability of Eberhart and Russel

1999 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cleso Antônio Patto Pacheco ◽  
Cosme Damião Cruz ◽  
Manoel Xavier dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Regression Coefficients ◽  
Stability Parameters ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Additive Genetic Effects ◽  
F1 Cross

The objective of the present work was to provide a methodology to study the inheritance of adaptability and stability through the breakdown of Eberhart and Russell regression coefficients and regression deviations in effects due to the mean and additive genetic effects (gi's and gj's) as well as dominance effects (sij's) of Griffing´s methodology, when the diallel is conducted in several environments. It was concluded that the adaptability and stability parameters are determined in the same manner as are genetic effects. So an F1 cross inherits half the general combining ability (GCA) mean effect from each parent, while the effects due to specific combining ability (SCA) are subjected to the same considerations relative to sij's, i.e., they are dependent on specific combinations.

scholarly journals ОЦІНКА КОМБІНАЦІЙНОЇ ЗДАТНОСТІ СОРТІВ ЯЧМЕНЮЯРОГО ЗА КІЛЬКІСНИМИ ОЗНАКАМИ В УМОВАХ ПІВНІЧНОГО СТЕПУ УКРАЇНИ

2014 ◽  
pp. 23-25
Author(s):  
В. В. Ващенко ◽  
О. О. Шевченко
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

У системі діалельних схрещувань п’яти сортів яч-меню ярого (Донецький 12, Донецький 14, Донецький 15,Прерія, Галактик) установлено особливості генети-чного контролю мінливості ознак: висота рослин,кількість зерен у колосі, маса 1000 зерен у відповід-ності зі співвідношенням варіанс специфічної комбі-наційної здатності (СКЗ) і загальної комбінаційноїздатності (ЗКЗ). Виділено й запропоновано сорти якджерела ознак висота рослин Галактик і Донецький14; кількість зерен у колосі – сорт Прерія; маса 1000зерен – сорт Донецький 15. Виділені зразки з високимі стабільним рівнем комбінаційної здатності запро-поновано використовувати в селекційній роботі. A total of diallel analysis varieties of springbarley Donetskiy 12, Donetskiy 14, Donetskiy 15,Prairie, Galactic set features genetic controlvariability characteristics: plant height, number ofgrains per ear, 1000 grain weight in accordance withthe ratio of variance of specific combining ability(SSI) and general combining ability (ZKZ).Identified and proposed as a source of variety traitsplant height and Donetsk 14, Galactic, the numberof grains per ear sort Prairie, weight of 1000 grainsDonetskiy 15. Samples of high and stable levels ofcombining ability is proposed to use in breedingwork have beeen celected.

scholarly journals Diallel Anaysis of Oil Production Components in Peanut (Arachis hypogaeaL.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey N. Wilson ◽  
Michael R. Baring ◽  
Mark D. Burow ◽  
William L. Rooney ◽  
Charles E. Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Seed Mass ◽  
Heritability Estimate ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Ability Estimates ◽  
Diallel Mating Design ◽  
Oil Concentration ◽  
Very High

Peanut (Arachis hypogaeaL.) has the potential to become a major source of biodiesel, but for market viability, peanut oil yields must increase. Oil yield in peanut is influenced by many different components, including oil concentration, seed mass, and mean oil produced per seed. All of these traits can potentially be improved through selection as long as there is sufficient genetic variation. To assess the variation for these traits, a diallel mating design was used to estimate general combining ability, specific combining ability, and heritability. General combining ability estimates were significant for oil concentration, weight of 50 sound mature kernels (50 SMK), and mean milligrams oil produced per SMK (OPS). Specific combining ability was significant for oil concentration. Reciprocal effects were detected for OPS. Narrow-sense heritability estimates were very high for oil concentration and 50 SMK and low for OPS. The low OPS heritability estimate was caused by the negative correlation between oil concentration and seed size. Consequently, oil concentration and seed mass alone can be improved through early generation selection, but large segregating populations from high oil crosses will be needed to identify progeny with elevated oil concentrations that maintain acceptable seed sizes.

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