PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS OF CULL DAIRY COWS GIVEN TESTOSTERONE-ESTRADIOL IMPLANTS

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 295-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. M. JONES
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Physiological Age ◽  
Feeding Period ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Cull Cows ◽  
Alfalfa Silage

Twenty-eight cull dairy cows of similar physiological age were fed an alfalfa silage, high-moisture corn ration to appetite once daily for 70 days. At the start of the trial, 14 cows were implanted with a growth promotant (Synovex H). All animals maintained a high rate of gain during the feeding period (1.19 kg/day), but there were no differences between implanted and nonimplanted cows both for feedlot performance and carcass characteristics. Key words: Cull cows, implant, growth

MONENSIN FED TO GROWING AND FINISHING CATTLE

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 769-773 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. N. MOWAT ◽  
J. W. WILTON ◽  
J. G. BUCHANAN-SMITH
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Molar Percentage ◽  
Finishing Cattle ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Alfalfa Silage

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of monensin with growing and finishing cattle. In experiment 1, 80 Hereford steer calves were fed two different silage rations. With alfalfa silage, monensin increased weight gains (+12%) and feed efficiency (P < 0.05) (+11%). When high moisture (HM) shelled corn was fed along with alfalfa silage, monensin had no effect on weight gains, but increased feed efficiency (P < 0.05) (+12%) largely by decreasing (P > 0.05) feed intake. In experiment 2, 72 steer and heifer crossbred calves were fed corn silage for 112 days followed by high levels of HM shelled corn through to marketing at a constant finish. Over an average total of 258 days on feed, monensin increased (P < 0.05) rate of gain (+9%) as well as feed efficiency (+13%). Monensin produced no effects on carcass characteristics. At least part of the improvement in feed efficiency could be attributed to altered ruminal fermentation. Molar percentage of propionic acid was increased (P < 0.05) and butyric and acetic acid decreased (P < 0.05) with monensin feeding.

The effect of feeding period and trenbolone acetate on the potential of culled dairy cows for beef production

1986 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. Garnsworthy ◽  
D. J. A. Cole ◽  
M. Grantley-Smith ◽  
D. W. Jones ◽  
A. R. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Feeding Period ◽  
Trenbolone Acetate ◽  
Cull Cows ◽  
Pelleted Diet ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

ABSTRACTSixty-four Friesian/Holstein cows culled from dairy herds were selected for uniformity and general health. They were allocated to five groups of 12 on the basis of body condition and live weight excluding the two cows at each extreme. These four cows indicated the range of condition and live weight in the sample and were slaughtered at the beginning of the trial with one group of 12 cows. Of the remaining four groups, two were implanted with 300 mg trenbolone acetate (Finaplix, Hoechst) and two used as unimplanted controls; one implanted group and one control group were slaughtered after 60 days and the remaining cows after 100 days. All cows were individually fed to appetite on a pelleted diet of 500 g dried lucerne and 500 g barley per kg. After slaughter the left side of each carcass was cut into primal joints and then separated into fat, lean and bone.Implantation resulted in greater live-weight gains to 60 days (1·35 v. 112 kg/day, P > 0·05) and to 100 days (1·31 v. 0·92 kg/day, P < 0·01), greater lean meat production and an increase in the lean proportion of carcasses.Feeding cows for 100 days rather than for 60 days led to higher slaughter weights but daily live-weight gain decreased and food intake increased progressively between 60 and 100 days. Carcasses from cows slaughtered at 100 days had significantly higher lean, fat and bone weights (P < 0·01) but as a proportion of side weight only the fat proportion of the carcass was significantly increased (P < 0·05).It was concluded that the supplementary feeding of cull cows produced heavier carcasses but at these high rates of gain increased yield was at the expense of proportionately more fat in the carca?.s. This problem was partially countered by implantation with trenbelone acetate.

scholarly journals Effects of a vitamin and mineral bolus on beef heifer feedlot performance, feeding behavior, carcass characteristics, and liver mineral concentrations1

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 876-882
Author(s):  
Kacie L McCarthy ◽  
Sarah R Underdahl ◽  
Carl R Dahlen
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Feeding Period ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Mineral Supplement ◽  
The North ◽  
Mineral Concentrations

Abstract Crossbred beef heifers (n = 23; initial body weight [BW] = 370 ± 12 kg) housed at the North Dakota State University Beef Cattle Research Complex in Fargo, ND, were used to evaluate the effects of a 250-d slow-release vitamin and mineral bolus on feedlot performance, feeding behavior, carcass characteristics, and liver mineral concentrations. Heifers were assigned to one of two treatments: 1) received no supplemental mineral or vitamin (CON, n = 12) or 2) received two boluses on day 0 (minimum of 3,740 mg Ca, 16,456 mg Mg, 112 mg Na, 11,220 mg Cu, 2,995 mg I, 2,805 mg Mn, 505 mg Se, 48,620 mg Zn, 468 mg Co, 824,296 IU vitamin A, 173,102 IU vitamin D3, and 4,121 IU vitamin E bases on company analysis; Reloader 250 Mineral Bolus, Cargill Inc., Minneapolis, MN; MIN, n = 11). Heifers were fed a total mixed ration containing corn silage, grass hay, dried distillers grains with solubles, and dry-rolled corn (16.05% crude protein, 1.44 Mcal/kg NEg) with no added vitamin or mineral supplement. Feed intake and number and time of visits were recorded for each heifer using the Insentec feeding system (Hokofarm Group B.V., the Netherlands) during the feeding period. Liver biopsies were collected from heifers on days 0, 69, and 134 of the feeding period for analysis of mineral concentrations and analyzed as repeated measures. Heifers were slaughtered after 150 or 169 d on feed, and carcass characteristics were determined. Final BW, average daily gain, dry matter index, gain:feed, and carcass characteristics were not influenced (P &gt; 0.19) by treatment. Control heifers visited feeders more but spent less time per visit and ate less per visit compared with MIN heifers (P &lt; 0.03). No differences (P &gt; 0.06) in liver mineral concentrations were observed between treatments, and concentrations of Se, Cu, Mo, Mn, and Co decreased (P &lt; 0.05) over the feeding period. In this experiment, the slow-release vitamin and mineral bolus evaluated failed to increase liver mineral concentrations during the finishing period or influence heifer performance and carcass characteristics.

FEEDLOT PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS COMPOSITION OF CULL COWS OF DIFFERENT AGES

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 845-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. C. GRAHAM ◽  
M. A. PRICE
Keyword(s):  
Compensatory Growth ◽  
Initial Level ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Apparent Effect ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Cull Cows ◽  
Effect Of Age ◽  
Two Age Groups

Two experiments were conducted to study the effect of age on the feedlot performance and carcass characteristics of cull range cows. In the first experiment, 87 cull cows of three breed-types (Hereford, Beef Composite and Dairy Composite) and three age groups (young, intermediate and mature) were fed a grain diet for 0, 8 or 16 wk. Rate of gain was higher (P < 0.01) in the first than in the second 8 wk (1.80 vs. 1.13 kg−1∙head−1∙day−1). This was accompanied by an increase (P < 0.01) in feed:gain ratio (6.9 vs. 12.8). There were no significant differences among breeds or age groups in feedlot performance or carcass characteristics. Carcass weight increased with age (P < 0.01) and length (P < 0.01). When adjusted to a common carcass length, mature cows had smaller rib eye areas than the other cows. In the second experiment, 37 cull range cows of predominantly Angus breeding, and representing two age groups (young and mature) were used. Twenty-nine of these cows were fed a grain diet ad libitum for 8 wk before slaughter. Young cows gained 1.61 kg∙head−1∙day−1 compared with 1.29 kg∙head−1∙day−1 for the mature cows. The initial level of body fat had no apparent effect on subsequent feedlot performance. The 9th- 10th- 11th rib joints of the younger cows contained less bone (P < 0.01), and had higher muscle:bone ratios (P < 0.01) than those from the mature cows. Key words: Cull cows, feedlot performance, compensatory growth, carcass composition

392 Effects of a vitamin and mineral bolus on heifer feedlot performance, feeding behavior and carcass characteristics

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 156-157
Author(s):  
Kacie L McCarthy ◽  
Sarah Underdahl ◽  
Carl Dahlen
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Feeding System ◽  
Feeding Period ◽  
Beef Heifers ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Mineral Supplement ◽  
Liver Biopsies ◽  
Mineral Concentrations

Abstract Crossbred beef heifers (n = 23; initial BW= 370.0 ± 11.5 kg) housed at the Beef Cattle Research Complex (BCRC) in Fargo, ND were used to evaluate effects of a vitamin and mineral bolus on feedlot performance, feeding behavior, carcass characteristics, and liver mineral concentrations. Heifers were assigned to one of two treatments: 1) received no supplemental mineral or vitamin (CON, n = 12), or 2) received two mineral and vitamin boluses on d 0 (Ca, Mg, Na, Cu, I, Mn, Se, Zn, Co, Vitamin A, Vitamin D3, and Vitamin E; Reloader 250, Cargill Inc., Minneapolis, MN; MIN, n = 11). Heifers were fed a TMR (16.05% CP, 1.44 Mcal NEg) with no added vitamin or mineral supplement. Feed intake, number and time of visits were recorded for each heifer using the Insentec feeding system (Hokofarm Group B.V., the Netherlands) over the 150 d feeding period. Liver biopsies were conducted on heifers on d 0, 69, and 134 of the feeding period to measure mineral concentrations. Carcass characteristics were determined. Data were analyzed in SAS using the GLM procedure with heifer as the experimental unit. Final BW, ADG, DMI, G:F, and carcass characteristics were similar among treatments (P &gt; 0.19). Control heifers visited feeders more but spent less time per visit and ate less per visit compared with MIN heifers (P &lt; 0.03). No differences (P &gt; 0.31) were observed among treatments in d 0 or 134 liver mineral concentrations. At d 69, Co was lower (P = 0.01) in CON heifers compared to MIN heifers; however, Se, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mo, and Mn were not different among treatments (P &gt; 0.34). In this experiment the vitamin and mineral bolus evaluated failed to increase liver mineral concentrations over the finishing period or impact heifer performance and carcass characteristics.

scholarly journals Metabolic and Productive Response and Grazing Behavior of Lactating Dairy Cows Supplemented with High Moisture Maize or Cracked Wheat Grazing at Two Herbage Allowances in Spring

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 919
Author(s):  
Verónica M. Merino ◽  
Lorena Leichtle ◽  
Oscar A. Balocchi ◽  
Francisco Lanuza ◽  
Julián Parga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Grazing Behavior

The aim was to determine the effect of the herbage allowance (HA) and supplement type (ST) on dry matter intake (DMI), milk production and composition, grazing behavior, rumen function, and blood metabolites of grazing dairy cows in the spring season. Experiment I: 64 Holstein Friesian dairy cows were distributed in a factorial design that tested two levels of daily HA (20 and 30 kg of dry matter (DM) per cow) and two ST (high moisture maize (HMM) and cracked wheat (CW)) distributed in two daily rations (3.5 kg DM/cow/day). Experiment II: four mid-lactation rumen cannulated cows, supplemented with either HMM or CW and managed with the two HAs, were distributed in a Latin square design of 4 × 4, for four 14-d periods to assess ruminal fermentation parameters. HA had no effect on milk production (averaging 23.6 kg/day) or milk fat and protein production (823 g/day and 800 g/day, respectively). Cows supplemented with CW had greater protein concentration (+1.2 g/kg). Herbage DMI averaged 14.17 kg DM/cow.day and total DMI averaged 17.67 kg DM/cow.day and did not differ between treatments. Grazing behavior activities (grazing, rumination, and idling times) and body condition score (BCS) were not affected by HA or ST. Milk and plasma urea concentration increased under the high HA (+0.68 mmol/L and +0.90 mmol/L, respectively). Cows supplemented with HMM had lower milk and plasma urea concentrations (0.72 mmol/L and 0.76 mmol/L less, respectively) and tended (p = 0.054) to have higher plasma β-hydroxybutyrate. Ruminal parameters did not differ between treatments.

scholarly journals Dynamics of Fermentation Parameters and Bacterial Community in High-Moisture Alfalfa Silage with or without Lactic Acid Bacteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1225
Author(s):  
Shanshan Zhao ◽  
Fengyuan Yang ◽  
Yuan Wang ◽  
Xiaomiao Fan ◽  
Changsong Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Ammoniacal Nitrogen ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Acid Accumulation ◽  
Alfalfa Silage ◽  
Fermentation Parameters

The aim of this study was to gain deeper insights into the dynamics of fermentation parameters and the bacterial community during the ensiling of high-moisture alfalfa. A commercial lactic acid bacteria (YX) inoculant was used as an additive. After 15 and 30 days of ensiling, the control silage (CK) exhibited a high pH and a high concentration of ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N); Enterobacter and Hafnia-Obesumbacterium were the dominant genera. At 60 d, the pH value and the concentration of NH3-N in CK silage increased compared with 15 and 30 d, propionic acid and butyric acid (BA) were detected, and Garciella had the highest abundance in the bacterial community. Compared with CK silage, inoculation of YX significantly promoted lactic acid and acetic acid accumulation and reduced pH and BA formation, did not significantly reduce the concentration of NH3-N except at 60 d, and significantly promoted the abundance of Lactobacillus and decreased the abundance of Garciella and Anaerosporobacter, but did not significantly inhibit the growth of Enterobacter and Hafnia-Obesumbacterium. In conclusion, high-moisture alfalfa naturally ensiled is prone to rot. Adding YX can delay the process of silage spoilage by inhibiting the growth of undesirable microorganisms to a certain extent.

scholarly journals Effects of Syngenta Enogen Feed Corn containing an α-amylase trait on finishing cattle performance and carcass characteristics1

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 504-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
M L Jolly-Breithaupt ◽  
M E Harris ◽  
B L Nuttelman ◽  
D B Burken ◽  
J C MacDonald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Finishing Cattle ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
University Of Nebraska Lincoln ◽  
The University ◽  
Extension Center ◽  
Enzyme Supplement ◽  
Corn Hybrid

Abstract Two experiments evaluated the effects of feeding a new corn hybrid, containing an α-amylase enzyme trait, Syngenta Enogen Feed Corn (SYT-EFC), on feedlot performance and carcass characteristics at two locations. Experiment 1 utilized 300 calffed steers (298.5 ± 16.3 kg of BW) at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln Eastern Nebraska Research and Extension Center Mead, NE. Treatments were designed as a 2 × 2 + 1–factorial arrangement with factors consisting of 1) corn type (SYT-EFC or conventional [CON]) and 2) byproduct type (with or without Sweet Bran [SB]), or a BLEND of STY-EFC and CON without SB. In Exp. 2, 240 crossbred, calf-fed steers (287.6 ± 15.4 kg of BW) were utilized at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln Panhandle Research and Extension Center near Scottsbluff, NE. Steers were fed SYT-EFC, CON, BLEND, or CON with a commercial α-amylase enzyme supplement (CON-E). In Exp. 1, there was an interaction for ADG (P = 0.05) and G:F (P = 0.02). Steers fed SYT-EFC with SB had greater ADG and G:F than CON; however, in diets without SB, SYT-EFC and CON were not different resulting in a 10.1% change in G:F when steers were fed SYT-EFC in SB compared with CON and only 1.6% change between SYT-EFC and CON without SB. Energy values, based on performance data, resulted in a 6.5% and 8.3% change in NEm and NEg, respectively, for steers fed SYT-EFC and CON with SB and 1.6% change for both NEm and NEg for steers fed SYT-EFC and CON without SB. For the main effect of corn trait, steers fed SYT-EFC had greater marbling scores, fat depth, and calculated yield grade compared with CON (P ≤ 0.03). In diets without SB, there was no difference between SYT-EFC, CON, or BLEND for DMI, final BW, ADG, G:F, NEm, or NEg (P ≥ 0.35). In Exp. 2, cattle fed SYT-EFC, BLEND, or CON-E had greater final BW, ADG, and G:F than cattle fed CON (P ≤ 0.03). On average, NEm and NEg were 4.9% and 7.0% greater, respectively, for steers fed amylase enzyme treatments compared with CON (P ≤ 0.01). Hot carcass weights were greater in steers fed α-amylase treatments compared with CON (P &lt; 0.01). Feeding Syngenta Enogen Feed Corn, which contains an α-amylase enzyme trait, at both locations improved feed efficiency in finishing cattle diets containing WDGS or SB.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document