AGE- AND SEX-ASSOCIATED CHANGES IN CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF BOVINE TRICEPS BRACHII INTRAMUSCULAR AND EPIMYSIAL CONNECTIVE TISSUE WITH EMPHASIS ON GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 643-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. NAKANO ◽  
J. R. THOMPSON
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Dermatan Sulfate ◽  
Postnatal Growth ◽  
Triceps Brachii ◽  
Mature Adults ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Bovine Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Age And Sex

Age-related changes were studied in the bovine intramuscular and epimysial connective tissue components from animals ranging in age from fetuses to 8.9 yr and from 1.2 to 8.9 yr, respectively. Intramuscular concentration of nitrogen increased (P < 0.05), while intramuscular concentrations of collagen and glycosaminoglycans (GAG) decreased (P < 0.05) with age until the animals were yearlings. Epimysial concentration of collagen increased and that of GAG decreased (P < 0.05) with age in the postnatal animals. Maturation was associated with decreasing (P < 0.05) amounts of labile collagen, hexosamine, and sialic acid in both tissues and occurred earlier in intramuscular than in epimysial tissue. Epimysial tissue from males contained more (P < 0.05) collagen and less (P < 0.05) labile hexosamine than epimysial tissue from females of a similar age. Hyaluronic acid and dermatan sulfate were the major GAG in bovine skeletal muscle with small amounts of heparan sulfate, chondroitin 4-sulfate, chondroitin 6-sulfate and heparin. Hyaluronic acid:dermatan sulfate weight ratios were greater (P < 0.05) in the intramuscular than in the epimysial tissues. The ratio values were 2.0–2.7 in intramuscular tissues, while in the epimysial tissues, the values were 0.5–0.6 in the yearlings and young adults and 0.9 in the mature adults. In postnatal animals, intramuscular tissues were associated with a smaller (P < 0.05) proportion of chondroitin 6-sulfate in the total GAG than were epimysial tissues. Both hyaluronic acid and dermatan sulfate concentrations decreased (P < 0.05) during fetal and early postnatal growth in the intramuscular tissue, while in the epimysial tissue, dermatan sulfate concentrations gradually decreased (P < 0.05) with age in the postnatal animals. Skeletal muscle maturation was associated with an increased (P < 0.05) stability of connective tissue and a decreased (P < 0.05) amount of total GAG and glycoproteins.

scholarly journals Observations on Normal Skeletal Muscle of Mature Dogs: A Cytochemical, Histochemical, and Morphometric Study

1982 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 577-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. G. Braund ◽  
J. A. Mcguire ◽  
C. E. Lincoln
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Type I ◽  
Triceps Brachii ◽  
Diameter Range ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
Fiber Size

Cytochemical, histochemical, and morphometric features of skeletal muscle were evaluated in 140 specimens from five appendicular muscles of 28 dogs which were free of neuromuscular disease. Dogs ranged from six months to 15 years of age. Evidence of degeneration and regeneration, cell reactions and architectural change was found but with an incidence of less than 1% of the total myofiber population in any muscle. The number of fibers with internal nuclei never exceeded 1%. The only changes that appeared to be age-related were fiber size variation associated with the presence of small angular type IIA fibers in muscles of dogs seven years of age and older. Percentages of type I, type IIA, and type IIC fibers remained relatively constant in the various muscles in the age range examined. Type I fibers predominated in medial head of triceps brachii and superficial digital flexor muscles, whereas type IIA fibers were more numerous in biceps femoris and long head of triceps brachii muscles. An approximately equal ratio was found in gastrocranius muscles. In any given muscle, type IIC fibers represented less than 2% of the fibers. Statistically significant differences were found in values for fiber size between groups of dogs weighing more than (mean diameter range = 40 to 50 μm) and less than (mean diameter range = 30 to 40 μm) 15 kilograms.

Decorin Expression during Development of Bovine Skeletal Muscle and Its Role in Morphogenesis of the Intramuscular Connective Tissue

2002 ◽  
Vol 171 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 199-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Nishimura ◽  
E. Futami ◽  
A. Taneichi ◽  
T. Mori ◽  
A. Hattori
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Bovine Skeletal Muscle

scholarly journals Muskelwachstum und IGF-I bei Schweinen unterschiedlichen Geschlechts*

1999 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 619-628
Author(s):  
S. Biereder ◽  
M. Wicke ◽  
G. von Lengerken ◽  
F. Schneider ◽  
W. Kanitz
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Muscle Fibre ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Fibre Diameter ◽  
Postnatal Growth ◽  
Muscle Fibres ◽  
Triceps Brachii ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Igf I

Abstract. Title ofthe paper: Growth of skeletal muscle and IGF-I in pigs of different sex IGF-I is a pluripotent factor that is involved in regulation of growth, differentiation and a large number of functions in numerous tissues and their cells. IGF-I is synthesized by hepatocytes (endocrine role) and several extrahepatic tissues (e.g. skeletal muscle; autoerine and paracrine role). In our study, we describe the postnatal growth of the skeletal muscles in pigs of various sex taking into account the possible influence of endogenous IGF-I. The investigation was made on 42 crossbred pigs. Seven blood samples and 4 biopsy samples of two muscles (M. longissimus dorsi and M. triceps brachii) were taken for the determination of IGF-I blood plasma concentration and muscle fibre diameter, respectively as well as for further muscle structural and biochemical traits. IGF-I plasma concentrations show an increase during fattening with significantly highest levels for boars. Phenotypic differences between sows and boars in thickness of Shoulder muscle are proven after the day 181 with ultrasonography because significant differences were detected in mean muscle area of caput longum musculi triceps brachii between sows and boars and barrows (180th day of life). There are no significant differences in mean muscle fibre diameter of both muscles between sexes. A group of animals with high mean diameter in muscle fibres (day 200) of M. triceps brachii has significantly higher IGF-I concentrations in blood plasma than a group of animals with low muscle fibre diameter in the same muscle.

scholarly journals Implication of the NLRP3 Inflammasome in Bovine Age-Related Sarcopenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 3609
Author(s):  
Davide De Biase ◽  
Giuseppe Piegari ◽  
Francesco Prisco ◽  
Ilaria Cimmino ◽  
Ilaria d’Aquino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Nlrp3 Inflammasome ◽  
Interleukin 1Β ◽  
Inflammasome Activation ◽  
Interleukin 18 ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Bovine Skeletal Muscle ◽  
First Time

Sarcopenia is defined as the age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass, quality, and strength. The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying sarcopenia are still not completely understood. The aim of this work was to evaluate, for the first time, the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome in bovine skeletal muscle in order to investigate the hypothesis that inflammasome activation may trigger and sustain a pro-inflammatory environment leading to sarcopenia. Samples of skeletal muscle were collected from 60 cattle belonging to three age-based groups. Morphologic, immunohistochemical and molecular analysis were performed to assess the presence of age-related pathologic changes and chronic inflammation, the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome and to determine the levels of interleukin-1β, interleukin-18 and tumor necrosis factor alpha in muscle tissue. Our results revealed the presence of morphologic sarcopenia hallmark, chronic lymphocytic inflammation and a type II fibers-selective NLRP3 expression associated to a significant decreased number of immunolabeled-fibers in aged animals. Moreover, we found a statistically significant age-related increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β and interleukin-18 suggesting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. Taken together, our data suggest that NLRP3 inflammasome components may be normally expressed in skeletal muscle, but its priming and activation during aging may contribute to enhance a pro-inflammatory environment altering normal muscular anabolism and metabolism.

scholarly journals Nutritional and developmental effects on the intrinsic properties of muscles as they relate to the eating quality of beef

2001 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 921 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. H. Oddy ◽  
G. S. Harper ◽  
P. L. Greenwood ◽  
M. B. McDonagh
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Quality Attributes ◽  
Nutrient Supply ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Tissue Composition ◽  
Intrinsic Properties ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Bovine Skeletal Muscle

The intrinsic properties (those extant at the time of slaughter) of bovine skeletal muscle as they relate to the subsequent quality attributes of beef are reviewed here. Attributes of bovine skeletal muscle that ultimately affect toughness, colour, fat content, flavour, juiciness, and nutritive value of beef are discussed. The dynamic nature of muscle development, particularly with regard to structure and composition, is highlighted. Variation in development of muscle structure and composition due to inherited (genetic) factors and environment (particularly nutrient supply) are described. Examples are given of the implications of sources of variation due to animal genotype, age, nutrient supply, and hormonal environment on muscle cellularity and growth, fibre type, connective tissue composition and structure as they affect meat quality attributes. Key intrinsic properties of muscle include muscle type, cellularity, size, myofibre type, connective tissue composition and structure, glycogen and fat content and proteolytic activity. Activity of the calpain system at slaughter is seen as an important attribute. Regulation of myofibrillar and connective tissue proteolysis in vivo are discussed together with implications for subsequent meat quality. Amongst the on-farm environmental factors, nutritional history and developmental pathway are identified as factors that can be responsible for significant variation in the intrinsic properties of muscle that contribute to variation in toughness, colour and fat content, and thus consumer liking of beef.

Ultrastructure of the Intramuscular Connective Tissue in Bovine Skeletal Muscle

1994 ◽  
Vol 151 (4) ◽  
pp. 250-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Nishimura ◽  
A. Hattori ◽  
K. Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Bovine Skeletal Muscle
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