SOME OBSERVATIONS ON THE USE OF FEED ADDITIVES IN CANADIAN ANIMAL PRODUCTION

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-337
Author(s):  
T. F. SHARBY
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Health Hazards ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Animal Agriculture ◽  
Animal Feeds ◽  
Control Disease ◽  
And Control

Antibiotics have been used in animal feeds for almost 30 yr to improve growth, enhance feed efficiency, and control disease in birds and animals. In 1974 antibiotics used in animal feeds in Canada totalled 13.31 million dollars while those used in veterinary medicine totalled 28.8 million dollars. Antibiotics, sulfonamides and antibacterials used in human application that same year equalled 77.4 million dollars. Concerns regarding potential health hazards to humans with continued low-level antibiotic supplementation of animal feeds have resulted in a number of countries implementing or proposing more rigid legislation covering antibiotic use in animal agriculture. Possible consequences of such legislation being introduced in Canada are discussed.

scholarly journals Use of feed additives in animal agriculture: gut response in broilers

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 224-230
Author(s):  
R. T. S. Ofongo - Abule ◽  
E. Etebu
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Antibiotic Administration ◽  
Animal Agriculture ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Poultry Birds ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Gut Ph

Feed additives such as enzymes, probiotics, prebiotics and acidifiers are few examples of suitable alternatives to in – feed antibiotics in animal agriculture due to the ban of antibiotic use. However, the Nigerian poultry industry still experiences cases of antibiotic use. The gut benefits of alternatives to antibiotics often culminate in improved growth performance but there are or may be certain gut responses that attribute to the observed performance of poultry birds. In order to ascertain this, an experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of antibiotic administration and enzyme supplementation on gut pH and bacteria counts. One hundred and fifty day-old broiler chicks were randomly distributed to three dietary treatments having five replicates and 10 birds per replicate. The experiment lasted forty – two (42) days and was arranged as a completely randomized design. A maize- soybean meal diet not supplemented with antibiotic or enzyme served as the control. Birds fed diet II had antibiotic (Dicoxin plus ®) administered to them. Birds fed diet III had their diets supplemented with enzyme (Roxazyme G2G®). Results indicated pH of the crop to be significantly (P<0.01) reduced by feed additive. The pH of the Ileum was least (5.65) under antibiotic administration but was not significantly different (p>0.05) different that of birds fed control and enzyme supplemented diet. Gizzard pH was acidic but not significantly (P>0.05) across all the treatments. Lactobacillus and Coliform counts were significant (P<0.05) affected by feed additive addition. It can be concluded that feed additive impact on gut pH can influence the type and population of bacteria present in the gastrointestinal tract.  

scholarly journals Abstracts of the 43rd Symposium on Cuniculture, ASESCU

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 255
Author(s):  
Abstracts, Conferences, Congresses, Symposiums...
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
City Council ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Housing Systems ◽  
The Third ◽  
Cooperative Society ◽  
Rabbit Meat ◽  
And Control

The 43<sup>rd</sup> Congress of the Spanish Association of Cuniculture (ASESCU) was held in Calamocha (Teruel province, Aragon region, Spain) from 30th to 31st May 2018, hosted by the Cooperative Society “Esperanza del Jiloca” (CEJI) and the City Council of Calamocha. The three main talks focused on strategies against antibiotic resistance in rabbit farming: one explaining the relevance of this problem and the responsibility of each agent to improve it, another expounding the “Spanish National Plan against Antibiotic Resistance”, and the third showing the first milestones reached in reducing antibiotic use on rabbit farms. Specific sessions were devoted to explaining the outcomes of the three research projects supported by the partnership between the Spanish Institute of Agricultural Research (INIA) and the Rabbit Meat Marketing Board (INTERCUN): one related to welfare and health of rabbit does under different housing systems, the second devoted to the prevention and control of rabbit viral diseases, and the third investigating the etiopathogeny and control of epizootic rabbit enteropathy. In addition, the role and operation of INTERCUN was highlighted. The Chair of ASESCU spoke about this association’s role in the IDCURA project, a working group focused on innovation and divulgation in reducing antibiotic use in rabbit farming. The closing speech explained the workings of LONCUN, the latest reference market for benchmark prices of rabbit meat activated in Spain. Moreover, a total of 20 communications were presented both in working sessions with oral messages and posters (nutrition, pathology, biosecurity and sustainability, housing and welfare, and reproduction and genetics). The meeting was attended by more than 210 participants from several European, American and African countries. Abstracts of the contributions presented are reported below.

scholarly journals Problems of monitoring indoor air pollution and control in slums of Rajpur-Sonarpur Municipality, South 24 Parganas, West Bengal-An appraisal

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1012-1019
Author(s):  
Tapasi Das
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Health Hazards ◽  
Present Condition ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Slum Dwellers ◽  
And Control

Abstract: The slum dwellers suffer from a lot of problems in day to day life in terms of socio-cultural and economic environment. They can not avail proper education due to poor economic condition and uncertainty in livelihood and thus have to choose different indoor economic activities. As per 2011 census, the total population of Rajpur-Sonarpur Municipality is 424,368 with population density of 1574/Km2.The slum dwellers live overcrowding in lightless suffocating and unhygienic places and many of them suffer from poor indoor air quality (IAQ). As a result they have to face different health hazards like respiratory illness, lung disease, skin disease, eye dryness etc. In this paper, an enquiry has been conducted to highlight the present condition of indoor air pollution of the slum area of Rajpur-Sonarpur Municipality and also focus on the problems of monitoring indoor air pollution and its control. Keywords: health hazards, IAQ, suffocating and unhygienic places

scholarly journals Plant Feed Additives as Natural Alternatives to the Use of Synthetic Antioxidant Vitamins on Livestock Mammals’ Performances, Health, and Oxidative Status: A Review of the Literature in the Last 20 Years

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1461
Author(s):  
Carmen L. Manuelian ◽  
Rosario Pitino ◽  
Marica Simoni ◽  
Alexandros Mavrommatis ◽  
Massimo De Marchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Species Differences ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Antioxidant Vitamins ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Synthetic Antioxidant ◽  
Feed Industry ◽  
Industry Sector ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

In the last two decades, the interest in natural plant feed additives (PFA) as alternatives to synthetic vitamins in livestock nutrition has increased. After a systematic review, a total of 19 peer-reviewed papers published between 2000 and 2020 were retained to evaluate the antioxidant effects of PFA compared to synthetic antioxidant vitamins (mainly vitamin E; VitE) in livestock nutrition. These studies demonstrated that PFAs could be as efficient as VitE in counteracting oxidative stress in pigs, rabbits, and ruminants. However, PFAs only positively affected animals’ growth performance and feed efficiency in some monogastric studies. The PFA can affect antioxidant enzyme activity in a dose- and method of administration-dependent manner. The antioxidant capacity of both PFA and VitE were depressed in cows fed with diets rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids. Variability among studies could be related to species differences. Despite the interest of the feed industry sector in PFA, there are still very few studies evaluating their antioxidant effect in species other than poultry.

Perceived Health Implications in the Use of Mobile Devices by Undergraduate Students of Nigerian Universities

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Janet O. Adekannbi ◽  
Rotimi Abayomi Egunyomi
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Perceived Health ◽  
Health Hazards ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Health Implications ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
Ibadan Nigeria

This study investigated responses by undergraduate students to the perceived health implications in the use of mobile devices. The survey research design using the qualitative approach was adopted for the study. Five faculties common to both Lead City University and University of Ibadan, Nigeria, were purposively selected for the study while convenience sampling was used in selecting the respondents. Interview was conducted and responses analyzed on forty-eight respondents using the Nvivo software for analyzing qualitative data. Findings showed that many of the respondents had their perceptions on the health implications arising from mobile devices use. Some sources of information on these perceived health hazards include social media, radio, TV, personal experiences, friends and family members. Many reported taking precautions on their use of mobile devices based on their perceived health implications of mobile devices use. Findings also showed that while few respondents refrained from sharing the information on the perceived health hazards, many of the respondents shared this information with others despite this information not being verified. The study recommends government and other stakeholders implementing policy that mandates manufacturers of mobile devices to inform and sensitize users on the potential health hazards involved in their use, thus reducing the level of unsubstantiated information available on the use of mobile devices.

Point prevalence of healthcare-associated infections and antibiotic use in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Nepal: A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
pp. 175717742110358
Author(s):  
Sailesh Kumar Shrestha ◽  
Swarup Shrestha ◽  
Sisham Ingnam
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Point Prevalence ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Prevalence Survey ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
And Control

Information on the burden of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and patterns of antibiotic use are prerequisites for infection prevention and control (IPC) and antibiotics stewardship programmes. However, a few studies have been reported from resource-limited settings and many of them have not used standard definitions to diagnose HAI precluding benchmarking with regional or international data. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of HAIs and antibiotic use in our centre. We conducted a point prevalence survey in a 350-bed university hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal in April 2019. We reviewed all patients aged ⩾ 18 years admitted to the hospital for at least two calendar days and evaluated for the three common HAIs—pneumonia, urinary tract infection and surgical site infection. We used the clinical criteria by the European Center for Disease Prevention and Control to diagnose the HAIs. We also collected information on the antibiotics used. Of 160 eligible patients, 18 (11.25%) had HAIs and 114 (87.5%) were on antibiotics, with more than half of them (61/114 patients, 53.5%) receiving two or more antibiotics. This highlights the need for effective implementation of IPC as well as antibiotics stewardship programmes in our centre.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document