EVALUATION OF A HIGH-PROTEIN CULTIVAR OF OATS (HINOATS) AS A FEED FOR SWINE

1978 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. ANDERSON ◽  
J. M. BELL ◽  
G. I. CHRISTISON
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Factorial Experiment ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Feeding Trials ◽  
Crossbred Pigs

Oats (Avena sativa L. cv. Hinoats, 14.6% crude protein, 4.66 Mcal GE/kg) were tested in digestion and feeding trials with growing–finishing pigs from 23 to 91 kg body weight. Up to 57 kg, groups of six crossbred pigs (3 male, 3 female) in a 3 × 3 factorial experiment were fed supplemented diets of Hinoats meal, Hinoats pellets or 2/3 Hinoats:1/3 wheat, each with one of three supplements: either 0.2% lysine plus 0.05% methionine, or with half levels of these amino acids plus 2% soybean meal, or 6% soybean meal. At 57 kg, the pigs were assigned from each grower ration to one of three finisher rations, these being the three grower rations supplemented only with amino acids. Feeding was allowed for three 1-h periods daily up to 57 kg body weight and for two 1-h periods thereafter. Pigs of 23–57 kg fed pellets had greater daily feed intakes than pigs fed meal or the meal ration containing wheat (1.90, 1.70, 1.77 kg, respectively) and grew faster (0.69, 0.60, 0.60 kg/day, respectively). From 57 kg body weight, performance was not affected by previous diet but pigs fed pellets ate more and grew faster than the others. Hinoats rations were efficiently utilized by the pigs. In separate digestion trials, Hinoats energy and protein were found to be 72 and 82% digestible, respectively.

scholarly journals A Multicarbohydrase and Phytase Complex Is Able to Compensate a Nutrient-Deficiency in Growing-Finishing Pigs

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1129
Author(s):  
Ya-Kuan Huang ◽  
Ling Zhao ◽  
Hua Sun ◽  
Xue-Mei Xu ◽  
Jlali Maamer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Finishing Pigs

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of supplementing a corn-wheat-soybean meal-based diet with a multicarbohydrase and phytase complex (MCPC) on growth performance, apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of nutrients, carcass traits, and meat quality in growing-finishing pigs. A total of 300 pigs (Duroc × Large White × Landrace; body weight = 25.3 ± 0.7 kg) were randomly allotted to three groups with 10 replicates of 10 pigs each. Pigs from three groups were fed positive control (PC) or negative control (NC), without or with MCPC diets, respectively. The MCPC supplied at least 1800, 1244, 6600, and 1000 units of xylanase, β-glucanase, α-arabinofuranosidase, and phytase per kilogram of diet, respectively. The NC diet was the PC diet but reduced in net energy (NE), digestible amino acids (dig. AA), digestible P (dig. P), and Ca by 74 kcal/kg, 7.0%, 0.134, and 0.119 percentage points, respectively. The diets were fed in 4 growth phases based on body weight (BW): phase 1: 25–50 kg, phase 2: 50–75 kg, phase 3: 75–100 kg, and phase 4: 100–135 kg. Compared to the PC, the NC diet decreased (p < 0.05) body weight gain, feed intake, and(or) feed to gain ratio during the growing/finishing phases 1, 2, 3, and 4. It also reduced (p < 0.05) the ATTD of crude protein, crude fat, P, and Ca of pigs. MCPC supplementation improved (p < 0.05) the body weight gain, feed intake, and(or) feed to gain ratio in phases 2, 3, and 4 and the ATTD of crude protein, crude fat, ash, P, and Ca for the NC diet. Additionally, dietary treatment had no effects on carcass traits and meat quality with the exception that the loin eye area in the NC plus MCPC diet was higher (p < 0.05) than the NC diet. In conclusion, the addition of MCPC to a corn-soybean meal-wheat-based diet reduced in energy and nutrients improved the growth performance and nutrient digestibility but had little effect on carcass traits and meat quality in growing-finishing pigs.

scholarly journals 183 Isoquinoline alkaloids increase apparent ileal digestibility of amino acids and crude protein and apparent total tract digestibility of crude protein by finishing pigs fed corn-soybean meal diets

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 81-82
Author(s):  
Carly M Rundle ◽  
Hans H Stein
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Isoquinoline Alkaloids ◽  
Grab Sampling ◽  
Ileal Digestibility ◽  
Quadratic Effects

Abstract An experiment was conducted to determine if the inclusion of a preparation of isoquinoline alkaloids (IQ) in corn-soybean meal diets fed to finishing pigs increases the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of amino acids (AA) and crude protein (CP) and the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of CP and gross energy. Twelve ileal cannulated barrows (BW: 77.2 ± 6.23 kg) were allotted to a triplicated 4 x 3 incomplete Latin square design with 4 diets and 9 replicates per diet. Diets were supplemented with either 0, 40, 80, or 160 mg/kg IQ and with 0.40% titanium dioxide as an indigestible marker. Each collection period lasted 14 d with d 1 through 10 as an adaptation to the diets, fecal samples were taken using the grab sampling technique on d 11 and 12, and ileal digesta were collected for 8 h on d 13 and 14. Data were analyzed using the Proc MIXED procedure of SAS. Contrast statements were used to determine linear and quadratic effects of including IQ in the diets. Results were considered significant at P ≤ 0.05 and considered a trend at 0.05 &lt; P ≤ 0.10. Inclusion of IQ resulted in a quadratic increase (P &lt; 0.05) in the AID of CP and AA in corn-soybean meal diets fed to finishing pigs, with the greatest digestibility values generally observed in the 40 mg/kg IQ treatment. Additionally, IQ resulted in a quadratic increase (P = 0.009) in the ATTD of CP, with the greatest digestibility observed in the 80 mg/kg IQ treatment. Therefore, it was concluded that supplementing corn-soybean meal diets with 40 or 80 mg/kg IQ may increase the AID of CP and AA and ATTD of CP by finishing pigs.

scholarly journals PSIV-21 Pellet processing reduces variability of corn soybean meal-based diet digestibility in growing pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 175-175
Author(s):  
Élisabeth Chassé ◽  
Frédéric Guay ◽  
Marie-Pierre Létourneau-Montminy
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Crossover Design ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Distal Ileum ◽  
Ileal Digestibility ◽  
Pelleted Diet ◽  
The One

Abstract This study was conducted to determine the effect of pelleting on the digestibility of corn-soybean meal-based diet in growing pigs. Two trials with 6 pigs cannulated at the distal ileum were conducted. In each trial, pigs were assigned to each treatment following a crossover design. In each experiment, the same diet, composed of corn and soybean meal with 10% wheat from two different feed mills, was served in pellet or mash form. Pelleting allowed an increase in digestibility in one of the trials. Apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and digestible energy (DE) were improved with pelleting by 8, 12 and 9% (P&lt; 0.01). The AID of amino acids (AA) was also improved (P&lt; 0.05). Apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) was increased by pelleting in DM, CP and DE by 5, 7 and 6% respectively (P&lt; 0.01). The digestibility of the mash diet in experiment 1 was lower than in the pelleted diet in the experiment 1 and both diets in experiment 2 as shown by the interaction Pelleting X Trial which was significant for the AID and ATTD of DM, CP and DE (P&lt; 0.01). Therefore, in experiment 1, pelleting allows to improve the digestibility of diet to the same level as in experiment 2. The AID of CP was higher by 37% in the mash diet from the second experiment compared to the one in the first experiment. Even though the same ingredients were chosen in the two experiments, this shows the variability in digestibility existing between different feed mills and ingredient sources. This difference was not observed in pelleted diets. The results obtained in these two trials show that pelleting can reduce the variability of digestibility and then give a good digestibility of diets even if the ingredients are of different quality or sources.

scholarly journals 138 Effects of Increasing Soybean Meal in Corn-based Diets on Growth Performance of Late-finishing Pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 70-71
Author(s):  
Julia P Holen ◽  
Robert D Goodband ◽  
Mike D Tokach ◽  
Jason C Woodworth ◽  
Joel M DeRouchey
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Distillers Grains With Solubles ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Abstract Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of increasing levels of soybean meal (SBM) replacing feed grade amino acids in corn or corn-dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS)-based diets on growth performance of late finishing pigs. In both experiments, there were 22 to 27 pigs per pen and 14 pens per treatment. Average length of the experiments was 35 (Exp. 1) and 29 days (Exp. 2). Diets were balanced to contain 0.70% SID Lys and 2,667 or 2,610 kcal NE/kg for Exp. 1 and 2, respectively. Minimum amino acid ratios relative to Lys were: Ile, 55; Met&Cys, 60; Thr, 65; Trp, 19.5, and Val, 70. Dietary crude protein ranged from 10.1 to 15.2 for Exp. 1 and 13.6 to 19.4 for Exp. 2. The statistical model considered fixed effects of treatment, linear and quadratic contrasts, and random effect of block. In Exp.1, 1,793 pigs (L337×1050, PIC; initially 104.9 ± 1.4 kg) were fed corn-based diets and pens of pigs were assigned to 1 of 5 dietary treatments with increasing SBM from 5 to 20%. Overall, average daily gain (ADG) and gain-to-feed (G:F) increased (linear; P &lt; 0.05) as SBM increased with the greatest improvement observed as SBM increased from 5 to 8.75%, with little improvement thereafter. In Exp. 2, 1,827 pigs (L337×1050, PIC; initially 97.9 ± 1.1 kg) were used in a similar study as Exp. 1, but all diets contained 25% DDGS and SBM levels increased from 0 to 16%. Overall, G:F and final bodyweight of pigs marginally improved (linear and quadratic, respectively; P &lt; 0.10) as SBM increased, with the greatest performance observed when diets contained 8% SBM. These results suggest that increasing SBM up to 8% at the expense of feed grade amino acids in corn or corn-DDGS-based diets improved ADG or G:F in late-finishing pigs.

Supplementation of a low protein diet in an attempt to optimize egg mass output

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
John D. Summers ◽  
J. L. Atkinson ◽  
D. Spratt
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Minimum Requirement ◽  
Low Protein

Pullets were brought into production on a low-protein corn, soybean meal diet to which various nutrients including essential amino acids, choline, corn oil and feathermeal were supplemented. Production commenced between 18 and 20 wk of age and up to at least 60% production, hens fed the low protein diets (10% CP) produced at least as many eggs and as great an egg mass as these given a 17% protein corn, soybean meal control diet. Pullets fed the corn, soybean meal test diets, peaked at around 80% as compared to slightly over 90% for the control. Egg production immediately fell for birds fed the test diets to around 70% for most of the test treatments. Body weight remained constant or fell after peak production for birds fed the test diets as compared to a normal increase for birds on the control diet. Egg size increased for the test diets at a rate which was comparable to that of the control birds. In a second experiment, with older hens, supplementation of the 10% protein test diet with methionine, lysine, arginine and tryptophan, resulted in intakes of these amino acids which met NRC minimum requirement levels. However, egg mass output was reduced approximately 11% compared to the 17% protein control diet. While intakes of several essential amino acids fell below requirement levels, the degree that valine was calculated to be deficient in both experiments corresponded closely with the reduction in egg mass output of hens fed the test as compared to the control diet. Key words: Lysine, methionine, egg weight, body weight, hens.

Effect of dietary fibre level on amino acid digestibility in young pigs

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Li ◽  
W. C. Sauer ◽  
R. T. Hardin
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Period Change ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
Average Body

Studies were carried out with 12 pigs (Yorkshire × Landrace) to determine the effect of dietary fibre level on amino acid digestibility. The pigs were weaned at 21 d of age and fitted with a simple T-cannula at the distal ileum at 23 or 24 d of age. The pigs were fed four isonitrogenous corn starch-based soybean meal diets (22.5 % crude protein) containing 4.3, 7.3, 10.3 and 13.3% Solkafloc according to a balanced two-period change-over design. The pigs were fed four times daily, equal amounts, at 6-h intervals. The diets were supplied at a rate of 5% of the average body weight which was determined at the initiation of the first (8.8 kg) and second (11.7 kg) experimental period. Each experimental period comprised 10 d. Feces were collected for 48 h on days 6 and 7 and ileal digesta for 24 h during days 8, 9 and 10. Chromic oxide was used as digestibility marker. The dietary inclusion of Solkafloc, up to 13.3 %, did not affect (P > 0.05) the apparent ileal as well as the fecal digestibilities of crude protein and amino acids. In conclusion, starter pigs can tolerate up to 13.3% Solkafloc, equivalent to 16.8% neutral-detergent fibre, in corn starch-based soybean meal diets without a depression in amino acid digestibility. Key words: Young pigs, fibre, amino acids, digestibility

Effect of micronization on energy, starch and amino acid digestibility in hulless barley for young pigs

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. X. Huang ◽  
W. C. Sauer ◽  
M. Pickard ◽  
S. Li ◽  
R. T. Hardin
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Hulless Barley ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
Indispensable Amino Acids

Studies were carried out to determine the effect of micronization on energy, starch and amino acid digestibilities in hulless barley. Six pigs (Canabrid × Camborough) were weaned at 21 d of age and fitted with a simple T-cannula at the distal ileum on days 23 or 24. The pigs were fed one of three diets with major constituents of hulless barley and soybean meal (HB + SBM), micronized hulless barley and soybean meal (MHB + SBM) and corn starch and soybean meal (C + SBM) according to a repeated Latin square design. The pigs were fed three times daily, equal amounts at 8-h intervals. The diets were supplied at a rate of 5% (wt/wt) of body weight. The average body weight of the pigs was 9.3 kg at start and 15.9 kg at the conclusion of the experiment at 58 d of age. Faeces were collected for 48 h on days 6 and 7 and ileal digesta for 24 h on days 8 and 9. Chromic oxide was used as digestibility marker. The apparent ileal amino acid digestibilities in HB and MHB were determined by the difference method. The apparent ileal digestibilities of the indispensable amino acids were higher in MHB than in HB and ranged from 5.3 to 10.0 percentage units. Of the indispensable amino acids, the differences were significant (P < 0.05) for arginine, histidine, isoleucine, phenylalanine and valine. Micronization of HB improved (P < 0.05) the ileal digestibility of starch from 79.0 to 97.3%. Micronization resulted in an increase in the digestion of energy in the small intestine and a decrease in microbial fermentation of energy in the large intestine. This shift in the disappearance of energy from the large to the small intestine should also result in an improvement in the efficiency of energy utilization. These studies show a positive effect of micronization on the digestibilities of energy and amino acids in young pigs fed HB. Key words: Micronization, barley, digestibility, pigs

scholarly journals Apparent digestibility of nutrients and energy of conventional ingredients for the silver mojarra, Diapterus rhombeus

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 1655
Author(s):  
Francisco Oliveira de Magalhães Júnior ◽  
Ricardo Henrique Bastos de Souza ◽  
Érica Bevitório Passinato ◽  
Filipe Dos Santos Cipriano ◽  
Kauana Santos Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Corn Meal ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Corn Gluten ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Maize Meal

Knowledge on the nutritional value of feed ingredient is an important step in the formulation of diets in order to maximize animal productivity. Thus a study was conducted to determine the apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC) of dry matter (ADCDM), crude protein (ADCCP), gross energy (ADCGE) and amino acids (ADCAA) of conventional feed ingredients for juvenile silver mojarra (13.0 ± 3.23 g). The study was conducted in the laboratory for nutrition and feeding of fish (AQUANUT), using 80 silver mojarra collected in nature, which were kept in digestibility aquaria for a period of 21 days. The following ingredients were evaluated: fish meal, soybean meal, corn meal, corn gluten meal, rice bran, wheat bran and starch, which substituted 30% of a reference pelletized diet with 325.00 g kg-1 crude protein and 3,692 Kcal kg-1 gross energy. Additionally 1.0 g kg-1 chrome oxide was added to each diet as a marker. The excreta were obtained using three repetitions for each tested ingredient, which were dried for further analyses. The soybean meal showed the best ADCDM value (67.45%), followed by the other ingredients. There was no significant difference between the soybean meal (95.16%), fish meal (92.97%) and the corn meal (91.90%) for the best ADCCP coefficients. The ADCGE for soybean meal and maize meal were 65.23% and 60.31%, respectively, followed by fish meal (51.85%). The results demonstrate that silver mojarra can digest animal protein as well as that of vegetal origin. Silver mojarra can also efficiently digest and absorb some of the main amino acids of fish, such as lysine, methionine and threonine, from the same studied ingredients.

Studies on pigs prepared with re-entrant cannulas. 2. Disappearance of dry matter, nitrogen and amino acids from diets containing different protein sources

1980 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 627 ◽  
Author(s):  
AR Alimon ◽  
DJ Farrell
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Large Intestine ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Peanut Meal ◽  
Protein Sources ◽  
Meat Meal

Quantitative estimates of disappearances of dry matter, nitrogen and amino acids anterior to the mid-point and terminal ileumof the small intestine were made in pigs prepared with re-entrant cannulas and offered six diets containing wheat alone or supplemented with either meat meal, fish meal, peanut meal, soybean meal or sunflower meal. Apparent digestibilities of dietary dry matter and nitrogen were also estimated by faecal measurements. Disappearance of dry matter and nitrogen was greater anterior to the mid-point than at the end of the small intestine and the rectum. Amounts disappearing at each location and between the three locations differed significantly between protein sources. Up to 10% of dietary dry matter and nitrogen disappeared in the large intestine. For lysine, methionine, threonine and valine, absorption was greater anterior than posterior to the midpoint of the small intestine for all diets except that containing only wheat. Measurements made of the disappearance of amino acids anterior to the large intestine indicated that the apparent availability of the majority of ammo acids of peanut meal, followed by soybean meal, was greater than those of meat meal (52 % crude protein) and fish meal (50 % crude protein).

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