scholarly journals DIGESTIBILITY AND PROTEIN QUALITY EVALUATION OF RAPESEED FLOUR

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 763-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. BELL ◽  
P. GIOVANNETTI ◽  
T. F. SHARBY ◽  
J. D. JONES
Keyword(s):  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Soybean Protein ◽  
Hexane Extraction ◽  
Flour Protein ◽  
Quality Ratings ◽  
Weanling Rats ◽  
Digestible Protein ◽  
Low Erucic Acid

Flour was prepared from Echo (B. campestris, low erucic acid) and Tower (B. napus, low erucic acid and low glucosinolate) cultivars of rapeseed by dehulling, myrosinase inactivation, washing in water, and hexane extraction. Over 97% of the original glucosinolates were removed. The flours contained over 60% protein. In protein quality tests with weanling rats, those fed rapeseed flour (cv. Echo) grew more slowly than the casein controls. Covariance analysis indicated that these differences could be associated with differences in feed intake or acceptability of the diet. Protein efficiency ratios were similar for rapeseed flour and casein (3.45 and 3.37, respectively). Tests with weanling mice involving rapeseed flour (cv. Echo) compared with soybean meal, in diets containing 8, 12 and 16% protein, revealed that rapeseed flour was superior to soybean meal as a protein source and had higher digestibility of protein and energy. In a similar test with Tower flour, protein quality ratings and digestibility coefficients again were superior to those for soybean meal. Rapeseed flour of either cultivar contains highly digestible protein (85–90%) and energy (88–91%). It contains protein equal to casein and superior to soybean protein in terms of PER and biological value. Both flours showed tendencies to be slightly less palatable than the control protein sources.

Protein Nutritional Quality of Meal Made From Several Cultivars of Peanuts as Measured by Rat Bioassay1

1978 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josephine Miller ◽  
R. Dixon Phillips ◽  
C. T. Young
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Peanut Meal ◽  
Peanut Protein ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Hexane Extraction ◽  
Defatted Meal ◽  
Weanling Rats

Abstract Peanut protein supported rapid growth in weanling rats when present in the diet in sufficient quantity. Defatted meal was prepared by cold pressing and hexane extraction of oil from seeds of Florunner, Tifrun, UF 70115, Tennessee Red, Tamnut and Comet cultivars of peanuts. A concentration of 16% peanut protein resulted in better growth than 12% protein from all cultivars tested. Increasing protein to 20% of the diet further improved growth of rats fed meal from some, but not all, cultivars of peanuts. Apparent digestibility of nitrogen in the meals was about 92%. Peanut meal is potentially a good source of protein for animal production if the peanuts and meal are properly handled after harvest to maintain the nutritional quality of the product. Some statistically significant differences occurred in growth performance of rats fed meals from the several cultivars of peanuts but these are not likely to be of practical importance. However, they suggest that protein quality of the peanut might be improved by breeding. The nutritional quality of peanut protein is considered to be low because the concentration of several of the essential amino acids is below optimal levels for promoting growth of young animals. When compared with casein in the accepted bioassay for protein efficiency ratio (PER, Neucere et al., 1972) or by the slope-ratio technique (Hegsted et al., 19680), the biological value is commonly found to be 50 to 75% of that of the standard protein. Such tests are conducted with growth-limiting levels of dietary protein and provide little information on the potential capacity of a protein to support an acceptable rate of growth. Carpenter and de Muelenaere (1965) concluded that, under certain conditions, higher levels of poor-quality proteins would result in nearly as good growth of chicks, pigs, and rats as could be obtained with practical diets containing good-quality proteins. Defatted meal from Florunner peanuts, when incorporated into diets to provide 16.7% protein, supported growth of weanling rats at a rate comparable to that obtained with diets containing 12% to 24% of casein (Miller and Young, 1977). This paper describes results of a study similar to that mentioned above using meal from several cultivars of peanuts that are of current commercial or genetic interest.

EFFECTS OF ADDED RAPESEED GUMS IN CHICK DIETS CONTAINING SOYBEAN MEAL OR LOW-ERUCIC ACID, LOW GLUCOSINOLATE, RAPESEED MEAL

1978 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. E. MARCH ◽  
RAYMOND SOONG
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Low Erucic Acid

Gums derived from the refining of rapeseed oils from cvs. Tower and Midas were tested for their effects when fed to chicks. No adverse effects of the gums were found whether the gums were fed in a soybean meal diet or added back to rapeseed (Tower) meal which was then fed in substitution for soybean meal.

EFFECTS OF FEEDING LOW AND HIGH GLUCOSINOLATE RAPESEED MEALS AND SOYBEAN MEAL ON THYROID FUNCTION OF YOUNG PIGS

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 589-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. McKINNON ◽  
J. P. BOWLAND
Keyword(s):  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
Free Thyroxine Index ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Low Erucic Acid

In two experiments, 113 pigs were fed diets containing up to 25.3% low-glucosinolate, low-erucic acid rapeseed meal (cv. Tower = 00-RSM) or 31.3% commercially available rapeseed meal (C-RSM) as partial or complete replacements for soybean meal (SBM). The diets, formulated to be isonitrogenous and isocaloric, were fed ad libitum to the pigs from 4 to 10 wk of age. Serum triiodothyronine uptake (T-3 uptake) was greater (P < 0.05) in pigs fed the SBM diet compared with the other diets. In experiment 1, tetraiodothyronine (T-4) levels of 10-wk-old pigs fed the SBM diet were greater (P < 0.05) than pigs fed C-RSM or C-RSM + SBM diets. The free thyroxine index (T-3 uptake/100 × T-4) was lowest (P < 0.05) for pigs fed the C-RSM diet. In experiment 2, serum T-4 levels of pigs fed the SBM and 00-RSM + SBM diets were higher (P < 0.05) than for those of pigs fed other diets. Serum cholesterol levels of pigs fed the 00-RSM, C-RSM and C-RSM + SBM diets were higher (P < 0.05) than was found with the SBM or 00-RSM + SBM diets. Thyroid weight was greater (P < 0.05) in pigs fed the C-RSM or C-RSM + SBM diets. The height of epithelial cells was greater (P < 0.05) for pigs fed the 00-RSM and C-RSM diets and weight of epithelium of all pigs fed RSM indicated epithelial hypertrophy compared with those fed the SBM diet. The results suggested that thyroid function of pigs fed high levels of 00-RSM might be impaired compared with those fed SBM as the sole supplementary protein source in cereal-based diets, but less severely than with pigs fed C-RSM.

scholarly journals In Vitro Production of Somaclones with Decreased Erucic Acid Content in Indian Mustard [Brassica juncea (Linn.) Czern&Coss]

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1297
Author(s):  
Chitralekha Shyam ◽  
Manoj Tripathi ◽  
Sushma Tiwari ◽  
Niraj Tripathi ◽  
Ravindra Solanki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Mother Plant ◽  
Erucic Acid Content ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Somaclonal Variations ◽  
Low Erucic Acid

Brassica junceais a crucial cultivated mustard species and principal oilseed crop of India and Madhya Pradesh, grown for diverse vegetables, condiments, and oilseeds. Somaclonal variation was explored as a probable source of additional variability for the manipulation of fatty acids, especially low erucic acid contents that may be valuable for this commercially important plant species. The plantlets regenerated from tissue cultures (R0), their R1 generation and respective parental lines were compared for morpho-physiological traits and fatty acid profile for the probable existence of somaclonal variations. The first putative somaclone derived from genotype CS54 contained 5.48% and 5.52% erucic acid in R0 and R1 regenerants, respectively, compared to the mother plant (41.36%). In comparison, the second somaclone acquired from PM30 exhibited a complete absence of erucic acid corresponding to its mother plant (1.07%). These putative somaclones present a source of variation for exploitation in the development of future mustard crops with low erucic acid content.

Protein quality assessment by the use of weanling rats. 1.—Some factors affecting growth measurements

1968 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 308-315
Author(s):  
D. L. Frape ◽  
R. W. Hocken ◽  
J. Wilkinson ◽  
J. C. Dickins ◽  
L. G. Chubb
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Weanling Rats

Improvement of protein quality and degradation of allergen in soybean meal fermented by Neurospora crassa

LWT ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. 220-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Li ◽  
Ruo-lin Zhou ◽  
Zhi-qing Ren ◽  
Ya-wei Fan ◽  
Sheng-ben Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurospora Crassa ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Protein Quality

Utilization of Rapeseed Oils of High and Low Erucic Acid Content

1974 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 136-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Vogtmann ◽  
D.R. Clandinin ◽  
R.T. Hardin
Keyword(s):  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Erucic Acid Content ◽  
Low Erucic Acid

THE EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT VARIETIES OF RAPESEED OIL ON WEIGHT GAIN, AND OF GOLDEN RAPESEED OIL ON REPRODUCTION, OF THE RAT

1959 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 1191-1195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce L. Beare ◽  
E. R. W. Gregory ◽  
J. A. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Retarding Effect ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
Weanling Rats ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Reproduction Study

Rapeseed oil of the Polish, Golden, or Swedish varieties, corn oil, or mixtures of corn oil and ethyl erucate were fed to weanling rats of the Wistar strain for 9 weeks. Weight gains were inversely related to the content of erucic acid in the diet, confirming previous indications that the growth retarding effect of rapeseed oil is due to its erucic acid. In general, the differences in weight gains could be explained by the effect of rapeseed oil on food consumption.Golden rapeseed oil and corn oil were compared in a reproduction study involving three litters of one generation. Although the young of rats fed rapeseed oil were of lesser weanling weight, there was no difference in the number of animals successfully weaned.

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