EVALUATION OF TURKEY BROILER FEEDING PROGRAMS BY BIOLOGICAL ASSAY AND CHEMICAL ANALYSIS

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. SALMON ◽  
J. B. O’NEIL
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Feeding Programs ◽  
Nutrient Density ◽  
Commercial Feeds

Five commercial and two experimental turkey broiler feeding programs were compared with a control program by feeding from day-old to market weight (5.0-kg males). The performance of the poults fed the commercial feeds varied widely in rate of growth, feed consumption, feed conversion, carcass grade and cost of meat production. Carcass composition was not greatly influenced by the feeding program, but the eviscerated carcass yield of birds requiring an extended growing period was reduced. An experimental program of progressively increasing nutrient density produced well-finished broilers at 89 days of age with improved feed consumption and conversion over the controls. Another experimental program in which the diets included dehydrated alfalfa, dried brewer’s yeast and partly delactosed whey gave no advantage over the wheat–soybean–meat meal diets of the control program. Chemical analysis of the registered commercial feeds revealed little relationship between the actual and guaranteed analyses except for crude protein. Differences in crude protein and amino acid contents accounted for part of the observed variation in early growth.

The use of whole wheat grain in feeding of broiler chickens

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
V. Khamitova ◽  
A. Osmanyan
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Economic Effectiveness ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Whole Wheat

An experiment has been conducted to determine the effectiveness of growing broiler chickens when whole wheat grain has been included in the compound feed. The purpose of the research was to develop an appropriate scheme and dose for feeding whole wheat grain depending on the age of broilers, while observing the normative content of metabolic energy and nutrients in the diets, and to determine the economic effectiveness of rearing of broilers. To determine the effectiveness, data on live weight, growth rate, livability, uniformity of broiler population by live weight and variability of live weight of chickens have been studied. In the course of the work, the livability, average daily gain, feed conversion, homogeneity and variability coefficients, and the productivity index have been calculated. An increase in the live weight of broilers, as well as the rate of growth in pre-slaughter age when using whole grains in poultry diets, as well as a decrease in feed consumption per unit of live weight gain has been revealed. In conclusion, the economic effectiveness of broiler meat production has determined when whole grain has been included in diets. The use of whole wheat grain as an additive to the main diet in broiler feeding allowed to increase profits and increase the level of profitability. It has been found as a result of research that it is advisable to add whole wheat grain to the main diet for broilers at the age of 8–14 days in an amount of 5 % of the feed weight, at the age of 15–21 days – 15 %, at the age of 22–28 days – 20 %, at the age of 21–29 days – 30 % of grain without reducing the overall nutritional value of the diet.

Pengaruh Penambahan Bungkil Kedelai terhadap Konsumsi Pakan, Pertambahan Bobot Badan Harian, dan Konversi Pakan pada Sapi Peranakan Simmental

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rico Rico ◽  
Novi Eka Wati ◽  
Adisti Rastosari
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
T Test ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Protein Consumption ◽  
Simmental Cattle

The objective of the researh was to study the effect of additions soybean meal in ration on the feed consumption, daily weight gain and feed convertion in Simmental cattle. The experiment used eight male Simmental cattle around 2 years old with an average weight of 198,65 ± 14,57 kilograms. The cattle kept for 35 days and given rations P0 (rations ranchers) and P1 (rations plus soybean meal). Data was obtained, then analyzed using independent sample t-test assisted with SPSS version 17.00 software. The result showed that the addition of soybean meal did not affect on dry matter consumption, daily weight gain, and feed convertion but, the crude protein consumption was increased. Keywords: dry matter consumption, daily weight gain, feed convertion

scholarly journals Progress towards reduced-crude protein diets for broiler chickens and sustainable chicken-meat production

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Yun Liu ◽  
Shemil P. Macelline ◽  
Peter V. Chrystal ◽  
Peter H. Selle
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Reduced Crude Protein

AbstractThe prime purpose of this review is to explore the pathways whereby progress towards reduced-crude protein (CP) diets and sustainable chicken-meat production may be best achieved. Reduced-CP broiler diets have the potential to attenuate environmental pollution from nitrogen and ammonia emissions; moreover, they have the capacity to diminish the global chicken-meat industry’s dependence on soybean meal to tangible extents. The variable impacts of reduced-CP broiler diets on apparent amino acid digestibility coefficients are addressed. The more accurate identification of amino acid requirements for broiler chickens offered reduced-CP diets is essential as this would diminish amino acid imbalances and the deamination of surplus amino acids. Deamination of amino acids increases the synthesis and excretion of uric acid for which there is a requirement for glycine, this emphasises the value of so-called “non-essential” amino acids. Starch digestive dynamics and their possible impact of glucose on pancreatic secretions of insulin are discussed, although the functions of insulin in avian species require clarification. Maize is probably a superior feed grain to wheat as the basis of reduced-CP diets; if so, the identification of the underlying reasons for this difference should be instructive. Moderating increases in starch concentrations and condensing dietary starch:protein ratios in reduced-CP diets may prove to be advantageous as expanding ratios appear to be aligned to inferior broiler performance. Threonine is specifically examined because elevated free threonine plasma concentrations in birds offered reduced-CP diets may be indicative of compromised performance. If progress in these directions can be realised, then the prospects of reduced-CP diets contributing to sustainable chicken-meat production are promising.

Predicting carcass energy content and composition in broilers using the group method of data handling-type neural networks

2010 ◽  
Vol 149 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. FARIDI ◽  
M. MOTTAGHITALAB ◽  
H. DARMANI-KUHI ◽  
J. FRANCE ◽  
H. AHMADI
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Data Handling ◽  
Input Variables

SUMMARYThe success of poultry meat production has been strongly related to improvements in growth and carcass yield, mainly by increasing breast proportion and reducing carcass fat. Conventional laboratory techniques for determining carcass composition are expensive, cumbersome and time consuming. These disadvantages have prompted a search for alternative methods. In this respect, the potential benefits from modelling growth are considerable. Neural networks (NNs) are a relatively new option for modelling growth in animal production systems. One self-organizing sub-model of artificial NN is the group method of data handling-type NN (GMDH-type NN). The present study aimed at applying the GMDH-type NNs to data from two studies with broilers in order to predict carcass energy (CEn, MJ/g) content and relative growth (g/g of body weight) of carcass components (carcass protein, breast muscle, leg and thigh muscles, carcass fat, abdominal fat, skin fat and visceral fat). The effective input variables involved in the prediction of CEn and carcass fat content using data from the first study were dietary metabolizable energy (ME, kJ/kg), crude protein (CP, g/kg of diet), fat (g/kg of diet) and crude fibre (CF, g/kg of diet). For data from the second study, the effective input variables involved in the prediction of carcass components were dietary ME (MJ/kg), CP (g/kg of diet), methionine (g/kg of diet), lysine (g/kg of diet) and body weight (kg). Quantitative examination of the goodness of fit, using R2 and error measurement indices, for the predictive models proposed by the GMDH-type NN revealed close agreement between observed and predicted values of CEn and carcass components.

scholarly journals Effect of Food Bio-Additives on Chemical and Amino Acid Compositions of Cooked Sausages

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 2108-2110
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Food Additive ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Biological Value ◽  
Amino Acid Compositions ◽  
Degree Of Satisfaction ◽  
Effect Of Food

Large number of various food additives is widely used in meat production. Sea cabbage, food additive “Laminaria” and “Iodactiv” added during preparing the sausages. Chemical analysis showed that cooked sausages with food additive “Laminaria” contains more protein, fat and mineral elements, such as calcium and iron than in other variants. The analysis of the nutritional and biological value of the developed cooked sausages shows that the degree of satisfaction of the balanced nutrition formula for most indicators mainly corresponds to the recommended biomedical requirements.

scholarly journals Results of selection for breast muscle percentage and feed conversion ratio in Pekin ducks

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 769-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Pingel
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Breast Muscle ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Selection For

Increasing breast muscle percentage by selection for breast layer thickness (muscle and skin) of living ducks by needle probe improves carcass quality as could be demonstrated by experiments and by applied breeding programs. In addition direct selection for individual feed conversion ratio can increase the efficiency of duck meat production. Divergent selection for feed conversion ratio from the age of 4 - 7 weeks over 11 generations has differentiated the feed efficiency by about 25 %. Causes for the reduction in feed conversion ratio are lower fat content of carcass, lower locomotor activity, higher enzymatic activity (alkaline phosphatase and creatinkinase in blood plasma) and better feed protein utilization. Because of lower feed consumption in the line selected for lower feed conversion ratio the emission of nitrogen and phosphorus via manure was reduced by about 39 and 26 %, respectively. That means, selection for better feed efficiency is not only an important economical but also an important ecological factor.

scholarly journals Effect of dietary energy and lysine levels on cost of production and profit of meat production in “TANUVAS Namakkal gold Japanese quails”

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Shibi Thomas ◽  
R. Amutha ◽  
M. R. Purushothaman ◽  
P. N. Richard Jagatheesan ◽  
S. Ezhil Valavan
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Japanese Quails ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Crude Protein Level

Two biological trials were conducted to determine the energy and lysine requirements of “TANUVAS Namakkal gold Japanese quail” for production performance. The economic impact of different levels energy and lysine during the chick (0-2 weeks) and grower (3-5 weeks) phases was assessed using seven hundred and twenty straight-run, day-old chicks randomly grouped in nine treatments with four replicates of twenty chicks each. Three levels of energy (2800, 2900 and 3000 kcal/kg) and three levels of lysine (1.2, 1.3 and 1.4%) were tested for chick and grower phase of the first experiment. The net profit per bird (Rs. 8.49) was high in group T1 (low energy and low lysine) and the net profit per kg live weight (Rs. 48.57) was high in T2 (2900 kcal/kg and 1.2%). For the second experiment an energy level of 2700, 2800 and 2900 kcal/kg was fixed for chick and grower mash, lysine level of 1.2, 1.3 and 1.4% was fixed for chick phase and 1.1, 1.2 and 1.3% for grower phase and the crude protein level was fixed as 20.3 and 19.4 per cent for chick and grower mash respectively for the second trial. The net profit per bird (Rs. 7.18) was high in group T6 and the net profit per kg live weight (Rs. 37.62) was high in T6 (2900 kcal/kg and 1.3% lysine during chick phase and 1.2% lysine during the grower phase).

scholarly journals Complex feed additive for broiler fattening of ducklings

2021 ◽  
Vol 213 (10) ◽  
pp. 65-74
Author(s):  
David Pogosyan ◽  
Roman Tyurdenev
Keyword(s):  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Technical And Economic Indicators

Abstract. The purpose of the research is to develop an effective feed additive with an optimal content of raw protein in combination with flavoring additives for ducklings, which allows to increase zoo technical and economic indicators with broiler technology of fattening young animals. Research methods. A scientific and production experiment was conducted on three groups of analog ducklings from a daily age to 49 days old. The studied indicators are: the dynamics of live weight by fattening phases, absolute and average daily growth, the safety of young animals, feed conversion, slaughter indicators, the European fattening efficiency indicator, the profitability of meat production. Results. The use of compound feeds with an optimal level of protein content in combination with flavoring additives prepared on the basis of developed feed additives intended for fattening broiler ducklings in the fattening phases contributes to an increase in: live weight by 11.4 %, the safety of young animals by 3 %, feed consumption and conversion by 3.9 and 7.6 %, slaughter yield of 1.1 %, the European fattening efficiency indicator from 246 to 308 units and the profitability of meat production by 24.5 %. Scientific novelty. For the first time, a complex feed additive has been developed, which, according to the age periods of fattening, includes three varieties: “Prestart”, intended for intensive fattening of young animals from daily to 10 days of age inclusive, “Start” for ducklings from 11 to 21 days and “Finish” from 22 to 49 days. The rate of introduction of the additive is 30 % of the mass of mixed feed. The composition of the supplement includes high-protein feeds, premixes, amino acids and flavoring substances (monosodium glutamate, acetic and citric acids, a mixture of phytogenics: oregano, cinnamon, red pepper).

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