scholarly journals EFFECTS OF SUPPLEMENTAL DIETARY COPPER ON GLYCERIDE DISTRIBUTION IN THE BACKFAT OF PIGS

1973 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. AMER ◽  
J. I. ELLIOT
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Positional Distribution ◽  
Triglyceride Composition ◽  
Dietary Copper ◽  
Copper Supplementation

The depot fat triglyceride composition of pigs fed 250 ppm supplemental dietary copper from 18 to 23, 46, 69, or 92 kg was determined to further elucidate the effects of supplemental copper on triglyceride composition in the pig. The presence of supplemental copper in the diet significantly (P < 0.01) decreased the amount of 16:0 and increased the amounts of 16:1, 18:1, and 18:2 esterified at the 2 position of porcine backfat triglycerides. Removal of copper from the diet at 23, 46, or 69 kg eliminated these effects in samples taken from such pigs at slaughter (92 kg). The observed alterations in the positional distribution of fatty acids in porcine triglycerides was related to changes in the fatty acid composition of porcine depot fat associated with copper supplementation of the diet. Alterations in the concentration of isomeric triglycerides was also noted and is discussed.

INFLUENCE OF DIETARY COPPER ON THE FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF ADIPOSE TISSUE LIPIDS AND ON THE LEVEL AND COMPOSITION OF PLASMA FREE FATTY ACIDS IN GROWING PIGS FED INDIVIDUALLY OR IN GROUPS

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. W. MYRES ◽  
J. P. BOWLAND
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Dietary Copper ◽  
Triglyceride Fraction ◽  
Tissue Lipids ◽  
Plasma Ffa

The influence of dietary copper on plasma free fatty acid (FFA) levels and the fatty acid composition of adipose tissue lipids was investigated using 24 pigs, fed individually or in groups of six. Barley–fishmeal diets with and without 250 ppm supplemental copper were fed. There were no statistically significant effects on growth or carcass quality due to either dietary copper or method of feeding. There were significant increases (P < 0.001) in the copper content of the liver and kidney of the pigs fed diets containing supplemental copper. Dietary copper increased the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) (P < 0.01) in both the total lipid extract and the triglyceride fraction of the outer layer of subcutaneous adipose tissue. Similar but less marked trends were observed in the monoglyceride, diglyceride and FFA fractions. There were significant (P < 0.001) differences between fractions with the FFA fraction having the lowest proportion of the major saturated acids (16:0, 18:0) and the highest proportion of the unsaturated acids (18:1, 18:2). Group feeding increased the proportion of saturated fatty acids. Increases in the concentration of all plasma FFA were observed in the fasting state. Relative proportions of plasma FFA were also significantly different between the fed and fasted state. Females had a significantly higher concentration of FFA than castrated males. Main treatments were without consistent effects on plasma FFA composition or concentration.

EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL TEMPERATURE AND DIETARY COPPER ON GROWTH AND LIPID METABOLISM IN PIGS. II. FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF ADIPOSE TISSUE LIPIDS

1973 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. W. MYRES ◽  
J. P. BOWLAND
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Fatty Acid Analysis ◽  
Lipid Extract ◽  
Dietary Copper ◽  
Lipid Fractions

Pigs were fed diets with and without 250 ppm supplemental copper and kept outside during winter with unheated colony houses for shelter, or in a heated barn. Lipids were extracted from the outer backfat and pure triglycerides were prepared by thin-layer chromatography. Fatty acid analysis indicated only minor changes in fatty acid composition of the triglycerides due to either dietary copper or environmental temperature. Fatty acid analysis of the total lipid extract, however, indicated that there were differences between the two methods of evaluation. The lipid extract analysis gave a more unsaturated fatty acid pattern than that of the pure triglycerides. Although the fatty acid composition was not altered significantly by type of rearing (outside vs. inside), there was an increased proportion (P < 0.05) of unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) due to dietary copper when the fatty acid composition was determined on the lipid extract. This suggests that lipid fractions other than triglycerides were enriched in UFA and that the effect of dietary copper on the fatty acid composition of adipose tissue lipid is due to changes in the composition of other lipid fractions, possibly free fatty acids. This may be related to a disturbance in the balance between lipolysis and reesterification of fatty acids.

scholarly journals Free-Range Feeding Alters Fatty Acid Composition at the sn-2 Position of Triglycerides and Subcutaneous Fat Physicochemical Properties in Heavy Pigs

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2802
Author(s):  
José Segura ◽  
Ana Isabel Rey ◽  
Álvaro Olivares ◽  
María Isabel Cambero ◽  
Rosa Escudero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Positional Distribution ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Textural Properties ◽  
Free Range ◽  
High Oleic

The nutritional value of fat consumption depends on both the fatty acid composition and the positional distribution of fatty acids within the triglyceride molecule. This research studies the effect of feeding with three different diets (4% lard-enriched; 11.5% high-oleic sunflower-enriched; and extensive feeding mainly with acorns) on the composition of fatty acids in the sn-2 position (and sn-1,3) of triglycerides and the textural properties of subcutaneous fat in heavy Iberian pigs (n = 210 castrated males). A moderate dietary enrichment with oleic acid in mixed diets did not alter the regulation of the sn-2 position of triglyceride (69.9% and 13.9% of palmitic and oleic acids, respectively), but the extremely high intake of oleic acid in pigs fed mainly on acorns changed the proportions of palmitic and oleic acids at the sn-2 position in the subcutaneous fat of pigs (55.0% and 27.2%, respectively). Hardness, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, gumminess, and chewiness showed the least values in EXT pigs, and the greatest values in LARD-fed barrows. SUN cohesiveness and gumminess did not differ from those fed LARD. In addition, Iberian pigs raised in free-range conditions had a more favorable nutritional lipid profile for human health compared to pigs fed conventional diets.

Platelet Aggregation in Finnish Men and Its Relation to Fatty Acids in Platelets, Plasma and Adipose Tissue

1985 ◽  
Vol 54 (03) ◽  
pp. 563-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
M K Salo ◽  
E Vartiainen ◽  
P Puska ◽  
T Nikkari
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Ω3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Induced Aggregation

SummaryPlatelet aggregation and its relation to fatty acid composition of platelets, plasma and adipose tissue was determined in 196 randomly selected, free-living, 40-49-year-old men in two regions of Finland (east and southwest) with a nearly twofold difference in the IHD rate.There were no significant east-southwest differences in platelet aggregation induced with ADP, thrombin or epinephrine. ADP-induced platelet secondary aggregation showed significant negative associations with all C20-C22 ω3-fatty acids in platelets (r = -0.26 - -0.40) and with the platelet 20: 5ω3/20: 4ω 6 and ω3/ ω6 ratios, but significant positive correlations with the contents of 18:2 in adipose tissue (r = 0.20) and plasma triglycerides (TG) (r = 0.29). Epinephrine-induced aggregation correlated negatively with 20: 5ω 3 in plasma cholesteryl esters (CE) (r = -0.23) and TG (r = -0.29), and positively with the total percentage of saturated fatty acids in platelets (r = 0.33), but had no significant correlations with any of the ω6-fatty acids. Thrombin-induced aggregation correlated negatively with the ω3/6ω ratio in adipose tissue (r = -0.25) and the 20: 3ω6/20: 4ω 6 ratio in plasma CE (r = -0.27) and free fatty acids (FFA) (r = -0.23), and positively with adipose tissue 18:2 (r = 0.23) and 20:4ω6 (r = 0.22) in plasma phospholipids (PL).The percentages of prostanoid precursors in platelet lipids, i. e. 20: 3ω 6, 20: 4ω 6 and 20 :5ω 3, correlated best with the same fatty acids in plasma CE (r = 0.32 - 0.77) and PL (r = 0.28 - 0.74). Platelet 20: 5ω 3 had highly significant negative correlations with the percentage of 18:2 in adipose tissue and all plasma lipid fractions (r = -0.35 - -0.44).These results suggest that, among a free-living population, relatively small changes in the fatty acid composition of plasma and platelets may be reflected in significant differences in platelet aggregation, and that an increase in linoleate-rich vegetable fat in the diet may not affect platelet function favourably unless it is accompanied by an adequate supply of ω3 fatty acids.

scholarly journals A conjunction of sn-2 fatty acids and overall fatty acid composition combined with chemometric techniques increase the effectiveness of lard detection in fish feed

2021 ◽  
pp. 104308
Author(s):  
Mohamed Haniff Hanafy Idris ◽  
Yanty Noorzianna Manaf ◽  
Mohd Nasir Mohd Desa ◽  
Amalia Mohd Hashim ◽  
Muhamad Shirwan Abdullah Sani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Chemometric Techniques

scholarly journals Effect of Nitrogen Fertilisation and Inoculation with Bradyrhizobium japonicum on the Fatty Acid Profile of Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) Seeds

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 941
Author(s):  
Ewa Szpunar-Krok ◽  
Anna Wondołowska-Grabowska ◽  
Dorota Bobrecka-Jamro ◽  
Marta Jańczak-Pieniążek ◽  
Andrzej Kotecki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Soybean Cultivars

Soybean is a valuable protein and oilseed crop ranked among the most significant of the major crops. Field experiments were carried out in 2016–2019 in South-East Poland. The influence of soybean cultivars (Aldana, Annushka), nitrogen fertilizer (0, 30, 60 kg∙ha−1 N) and inoculation with B. japonicum (control, HiStick® Soy, Nitragina) on the content of fatty acids (FA) in soybean seeds was investigated in a three-factorial experiment. This study confirms the genetic determinants of fatty acid composition in soybean seeds and their differential accumulation levels for C16:0, C16:1, C18:1n9, C18:2, C18:3, and C20:0 as well saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA), and polyunsaturated (PUFA) fatty acids. Increasing the rate from 30 to 60 kg ha−1 N did not produce the expected changes, suggesting the use of only a “starter” rate of 30 kg ha−1 N. Inoculation of soybean seeds with a strain of Bradyrhizobium japonicum (HiStick® Soy, BASF, Littlehampton, UK and Nitragina, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation–State Research Institute, Puławy, Poland) is recommended as it will cause a decrease in SFA and C16:0 acid levels. This is considered nutritionally beneficial as its contribution to total fatty acids determines the hypercholesterolemic index, and it is the third most accumulated fatty acid in soybean seeds. The interaction of cultivars and inoculation formulation on fatty acid content of soybean seeds was demonstrated. An increase in the value of C16:0 content resulted in a decrease in the accumulation of C18:1, C18:2, and C18:3 acids. The content of each decreased by almost one unit for every 1% increase in C16:0 content. The dominant effect of weather conditions on the FA profile and C18:2n6/C18:3n3 ratio was demonstrated. This suggests a need for further evaluation of the genetic progress of soybean cultivars with respect to fatty acid composition and content under varying habitat conditions.

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