INTERRELATIONS BETWEEN SOME REPRODUCTIVE TRAITS IN SWINE

1972 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. FAHMY ◽  
C. S. BERNARD
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Percentage Survival ◽  
Weaning Pig ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Size At Birth

The associations between 15 preweaning traits in pigs were studied to determine which had the most important effects on litter weights at birth and weaning. The traits were litter size at birth and weaning, number born alive, percentage survival to birth and weaning, pig and litter weights at birth and weaning, daily gain from birth to weaning, gestation length, number of teats, weights of dam at farrowing and at weaning, and the change in dam weight during lactation. Of the 105 correlations, 66 were statistically significant, though many were markedly low. Litter weights at birth and weaning were significantly and relatively highly correlated with most of the other traits, whereas number of teats was correlated only with survival rates at birth and weaning and pig birth weight. The results showed that the importance of litter size was almost twice that of pig weight in determining litter weights at birth and weaning. The results in general indicated that most of the economically important traits related to swine reproductivity are favorably associated.

scholarly journals Phenotypic relationships between gestation length and preweaning litter traits in rabbits.

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-160
Author(s):  
O. N. Durunna ◽  
U. E. Ogundu
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Litter Weight ◽  
Litter Traits ◽  
Degree Of Association ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Size At Birth

A total of 135 kittens from 22 kindlings were used to determine the relationship between gestation length (GL) and some preweaning litter traits alongside the weight of their 12 dams. Average daily gain at 21 days (ADG21), average litter weight at birth (ALWB), kindling to weaning viability (KWV), litter size at birth{L.SB), litter size at 21 days (LS21), litter weight at 21 days(LW21), litter weight at birth (LWAB), and still birth number (SBN) when subjected to multiple regression analysis revealed non-significant t-test value with GL. However, Average litter weight at 21 days (ALW21) was highly significant (P<0.01) suggesting that such can be used to predict GL. Weight of doe (WOD) was highly significant (P<0.01) showing that such parameter is important for predicting GL. A high R2 value was obtained indicating that the variability in GL is explained by the linearity of the preweaning litter traits and WOD. However the correlation coefficient R, (0.89) revealed a high degree of association between the preweaning litter traits in the rabbits and the weight of doe in a linear form. The F-value was significant at P<0.05 indicating that WOD and the preweaning litter traits in rabbits have significant contribution to the variation in GL. The correlations among traits were positive and significant for majority of the traits, which include live birth number (LBN), ADG21, ALW21, KWV, LS21, and LW21. However SBN had negative correlation with other traits.

scholarly journals Reproduction Indicators Related to Litter Size and Reproduction Cycle Length Among Sows of Breeds Considered Maternal and Paternal Components Kept on Medium-Size Farms

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1164
Author(s):  
Błażej Nowak ◽  
Anna Mucha ◽  
Magdalena Moska ◽  
Wojciech Kruszyński
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Other ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Large White ◽  
Post Hoc

The present research aimed to study twelve reproductive indicators related to litter size and the farrowing interval for three maternal (Polish Large White, Polish Landrace, and Yorkshire) and three paternal (Duroc, Berkshire, Hampshire) breeds, raised on two farms in Poland and a farm in the United States. The study included 196 sows (45 Polish Large White, 37 Polish Landrace, 26 Berkshire, 33 Duroc, 40 Yorkshire, and 15 Hampshire), which altogether gave birth to 736 litters. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to verify the influence of the breed on the reproductive traits, with a post-hoc procedure for pairwise comparisons implemented in the pgirmes of R. The adegenet, ade4, and factoextra packages of R were used to conduct multivariate analysis of the traits by means of principal component analysis. The breed significantly (p ≤ 0.05) influenced the following traits related to litter size: the total number of piglets born per litter, the number and percentage of piglets born alive per litter, the percentage of stillborn piglets per litter, the number and percentage of weaned piglets per litter; and those related to the farrowing interval: the lengths of gestation, lactation, the farrowing-to-conception interval, and the farrowing interval. The breed did not statistically significantly influence the number of stillborn piglets per litter and the length of the weaning-to-conception interval. Polish Landrace and Polish Large White sows had the highest numbers of born (for both, the mean of 14.0), born alive (12.9 and 12.7), and weaned piglets (11.5 and 10.5), which statistically significantly differed from these parameters in the other breeds. Polish Landrace sows significantly differed from all the other breeds in terms of the percentage of weaned piglets (84.1%), while Berkshire sows in terms of gestation length (118.4 days).

REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF GILTS FROM LINES SELECTED FOR FEED UTILIZATION AND CARCASS SCORE

1972 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-271
Author(s):  
M. H. FAHMY ◽  
C. S. BERNARD
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Feed Utilization ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Litter Weight ◽  
Yorkshire Pigs ◽  
Score Line ◽  
Size At Birth

Eight reproductive traits were studied on 751 gilts of 3 lines of Yorkshire pigs derived from a common population by selecting for feed utilization (line 1), carcass score (line 2), and for both traits combined (line 3) during 10 generations. Least squares means for the traits were as follows: gestation length 115.2 days; litter size at birth 9.0 pigs (total) and 8.4 pigs (alive); litter size at weaning 6.8 pigs; number of teats 13.4; and litter weight at birth, 21, and 56 days, 9.3, 32.6, and 92.6 kg, respectively. Heritability estimates were calculated for each line by half-sib correlation and intra-sire regression of offspring on dam. The pooled estimate for the above eight traits was 0.45, 0.11, 0.09, 0.15, −0.12, 0.08, 0.14, and 0.14, respectively. Line effect was highly significant for all traits except litter size at birth. Means and heritabilities for line 3 were higher than those for lines 1 and 2, which did not differ greatly from each other. Variation from year to year had significant effects only on litter weight at different ages. The within years–within line regressions of the eight traits on inbreeding were not significant. The within line phenotypic correlations between each of feed utilization and carcass score and the eight traits were generally low and nonsignificant.

AN APPRAISAL OF CERTAIN SOURCES OF ENVIRONMENTAL VARIATION IN THE PRODUCTIVITY OF YORKSHIRE SOWS

1961 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. Bowman ◽  
J. P. Bowland ◽  
H. T. Fredeen
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Statistical Control ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
University Of Alberta ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
The University ◽  
Least Squares Estimates ◽  
Size At Birth

Analysis of the records of 616 Yorkshire litters farrowed over a 20-year period in the University of Alberta swine herd indicated that litter performance was not associated with differences in weight changes of the sow during gestation or with gestation length. Gestation weight change was negatively correlated with breeding weight and lactation weight changes. Age of sow, breeding weight and litter order were highly correlated and were mutually dependent in their effect on litter performance. Least squares estimates of year, season, breeding weight of sow, and weight change during lactation effects were obtained for several performance traits of the litter. Year differences were large but erratic for all traits. Seasonal differences appeared to be important only for litter size with fall litters averaging 0.78 more pigs at weaning than spring litters. Weight of sow at breeding exerted an important influence on litter performance. Weight change during lactation appeared to be a function of litter size.Study of the relative influence of age and weight of gilts at breeding on first litter size at birth and weaning indicated that breeding weight exerted the greater influence.It is concluded that comparisons between litters in the same herd and born within the same year and season must provide for statistical control of variation in weight of dam at breeding. If inter-year comparisons are desired additional statistical control is essential.

scholarly journals The impact of maternal genetic merit and country of origin on ewe reproductive performance, lambing performance and ewe survival

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Fetherstone ◽  
N McHugh ◽  
T M Boland ◽  
F M McGovern
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Genetic Merit ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of the ewe’s maternal genetic merit and country of origin (New Zealand or Ireland) on ewe reproductive, lambing and productivity traits. The study was performed over a four year period (2016 to 2019) and consisted of three genetic groups: high maternal genetic merit New Zealand (NZ), high maternal genetic merit Irish (High Irish) and low maternal genetic merit Irish (Low Irish) ewes. Each group contained 30 Suffolk and 30 Texel ewes, selected based on the respective national maternal genetic indexes; i.e. either the New Zealand Maternal Worth (New Zealand group) or the €uro-star Replacement index (Irish groups). The impact of maternal genetic merit on reproductive traits such as litter size; lambing traits such as gestation length, birth weight, lambing difficulty, mothering ability, and productivity traits such as the number of lambs born and weaned were analyzed using linear mixed models. For binary traits, the impact of maternal genetic merit on reproductive traits such as conception to first AI service; lambing traits such as dystocia, perinatal lamb mortality and productivity traits such as ewe survival were analyzed using logistic regression. New Zealand ewes outperformed Low Irish ewes for conception to first AI (P&lt;0.05) and litter size (P=0.05). Irish ewes were more likely to suffer from dystocia (6.84 (High Irish) and 8.25 (Low Irish) times) compared to NZ ewes (P&lt;0.001); birth weight and perinatal mortality did not differ between groups (P&gt;0.05). Lambs born from NZ ewes were 4.67 (95% CI: 1.89 to 11.55; P&lt;0.001) and 6.54 (95% CI: 2.56 to 16.71; P&lt;0.001) times more likely to stand up and suckle unassisted relative to lambs born from High or Low Irish ewes, respectively. New Zealand and High Irish ewes had a greater number of lambs born and weaned throughout the duration of the study compared to their Low Irish counterparts (P&lt;0.001). New Zealand ewes tended to be more likely to survive from one year to the next compared to Low Irish ewes (P=0.07). Irish ewes of high maternal genetic merit outperformed their Low counterparts in total number of lambs born and weaned per ewe, but performance did not differ across other traits investigated. This highlights the importance of continuous development of the Irish maternal sheep index to ensure favourable improvements in reproductive, lambing and productivity traits at farm level. Overall, results demonstrate the suitability of NZ genetics in an Irish production system.

scholarly journals Akkaraman Koyunlarında Gebeliği Son Döneminde Yapılan Ek Yemlemenin Kuzularda Doğum ve Çeşitli Dönemlerdeki Canlı Ağırlıklar Üzerine Etkisi

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 1353
Author(s):  
Emre Şirin ◽  
Ümit Uçan ◽  
Uğur Şen ◽  
Ercan Soydan
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Supplemental Feeding ◽  
Feed Supplement ◽  
Birth Season ◽  
Birth Type

This study was carried out to determine of effect of supplemental feeding during the late gestation on birth and other weights of lambs from Akkaraman sheep breed raised in Kırşehir. Data were collected from 554 Akkaraman lambs from 580 Akkaraman sheep which were born during 2015 birth season. Akkaraman sheep were divided into two groups. Wheat straw is given to both groups during pregnancy. Supplemental feeding group group (EYG), was given to concentrated feed supplement (400 g/animal) in addition to wheat straw during the last gestation period. Control group (KG) was given only wheat straw during pregnancy. In this study, the live weights, survival rates of the lambs in various periods and reproductive traits of Akkaraman ewes were investigated. The averages of reproductive traits of Akkarman sheep such as sterility, fertility, twins, abortion, fecundity and litter size in EYG and KG groups were %12, %9, %86, %91, %13, %5, %2, %0, 0.96, 0.95 and 1.12, 1.04, respectively. The survival rates of lambs on 90th days and 150th days in EYG and KG groups were determined as 84, 80% and 91, 91%, respectively. The means of the birth, 90 and 150. days age live weights in EYG and KG groups were found as 5.82±0.06 kg, 30.94±0.44 kg, 34.47±0.44 kg and 3.43±0.04 kg, 30.17±0.04 kg, 30.96±0.38 kg respectively. The effects of supplemental feeding, sex and birth type were found to be significant on the 120. days age on birth and live weights of sheep. The effects of birth type were found to be significant on the 90. days age live weights of sheep. As a result, supplemental feeding during the late gestation are increased live weights.

Effect of remating interval and diet on the performance of female rabbits and their litters

1993 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Cervera ◽  
J. Fernandez-Carmona ◽  
P. Viudes ◽  
E. Blas
Keyword(s):  
Factorial Design ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Intensive Treatment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Energy Concentration ◽  
Lactation Performance ◽  
Litter Weight ◽  
Size At Birth

AbstractIn an experiment of factorial design, female rabbits were given four diets, containing 13·0, 11·4, 10·4 and 9·7 kJ digestible energy (DE) per g and subjected to two remating intervals (R) of 1 to 2 days (intensive) or 9 days (semi-intensive) from parturition. The experiment lasted for 2 years during which 352 does produced a total of 1254 litters. The only major differences due to diet were that the diet with the highest energy concentration, and which contained 35 g/kg added fat, promoted a significantly higher energy intake in lactation (111 v. an average of 94 MJ DE) than the other diets, and thereby increased litter weight at weaning at 28 days (3·48 v. 2·99 kg). Diet and R showed no major interactive effects. The intensive treatment significantly reduced parturition interval (46 v. 52 days) and increased the output of weaned rabbits per doe per year (35 v. 29). As actual R was more variable than the theoretical R imposed by the treatments, further analyses were made by dividing the does into four groups according to the actual R. In these analyses, the effects of R on current and subsequent lactation performance were assessed separately. The main difference between the groups was that litter size increased significantly with R (e.g. litter size at birth in subsequent parities was 8·0, 9·2, 9·7 and 9·0 for mean intervals of 2, 10, 16 and 37 days). However, the same pattern of differences occurred in the current parity, indicating that it was litter size that affected R, rather than the reverse (i.e. does with small litters conceived earlier than those with larger litters).

Breeding Australian crossbred ewes with Arabian fat-tailed rams for intensive lamb production

1996 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
RC Malik ◽  
MA Razzaque ◽  
S Abbas ◽  
T Al-Mutawa ◽  
N Al-Khozam
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Intensive Management ◽  
Season Of Birth ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Sources Of Variation ◽  
Daily Gain

The reproductive performance under intensive management of Border Leicester x Merino (BLM), Dorset x Merino (DM), and Suffolk x Merino (SM) ewes imported from Australia, and local fat-tailed Naeemi (N) ewes mated to N rams was studied. Progeny performance for birth and weaning weights, average daily gain (ADG) and preweaning survival was also evaluated. BLM ewes showed the highest reproductive performance. They produced and weaned (at 8 weeks) significantly more lambs (P<0.05) than any of the other ewe genotypes. The reproductive performance of the BLM, N, DM and SM ewes, mated twice, 8 months apart, was 127, 85, 91 and 85 respectively for percentage of lambs born to ewes joined, 109, 72, 77 and 70 respectively for percentage of lambs weaned to ewes joined, and 17.8, 13.5, 12.1 and 11.6 kg respectively of lamb weaned per ewe joined over the period of 13 months from the first joining until last lambs weaned. The effect of season on ewe reproduction was significant. Birth weight was not influenced by genotype or season but did change significantly with litter size. Genetic group, litter size, season of birth and birth weight were significant sources of variation in the ADG and weaning weight of the lamb. N x BLM lambs were weaned at significantly heavier weights than lambs of the remaining 3 groups. Season of birth and birth weight also significantly affected preweaning lamb survival. About 86% of the lambs born alive were weaned with little difference between genetic groups in survival rates.

Genetic correlations for reproductive and growth traits in rabbits

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rym Ezzeroug ◽  
Rafik Belabbas ◽  
Maria José Argente ◽  
Ali Berbar ◽  
Samir Diss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
High Coefficient ◽  
Genetic And Phenotypic Correlations ◽  
The Common ◽  
Large Coefficient ◽  
Size At Birth

The objective of this study was to obtain heritability estimates for reproductive (litter size at birth, number born alive, litter size at weaning) and growth traits (individual weaning weight, individual weight at the end of the fattening period), then determine the genetic correlation between them in a synthetic rabbit line. A total of 805 females, 3242 parities, and 18 472 growth records were measured from 2006 to 2017. A pentavariate animal model was used with reproductive and growth traits. Heritability ranged from 0.025 to 0.126 for reproductive traits and from 0.033 to 0.059 for growth traits. These traits showed a large coefficient of variation (from 32% to 56% for reproductive traits and from 21% to 28% for growth traits). The repeatability of reproductive traits was low and the common litter effect for growth traits was the most important component of total variance. The genetic and phenotypic correlations between reproductive and growth traits were high and negative, especially with weight at weaning (−0.848, −0.922, and −0.854 for litter size at birth, number born alive, and litter size at weaning, respectively). In conclusion, because of the high negative correlation between reproductive and growth traits, both reproductive and growth traits should be selected in independent lines and the response to selection should be due mainly to the high coefficient of variation of the traits.

MASS SELECTION IN A PIG POPULATION. 2. THE EFFECTS OF INBREEDING WITHIN THE SELECTED POPULATIONS

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 627-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
HITOSHI MIKAMI ◽  
H. T. FREDEEN ◽  
A. P. SATHER
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Regression Coefficients ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Mass Selection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Litter Weight ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Size At Birth

The regression of reproductive performance of dams and post-natal performance of progeny on inbreeding was examined for a population of replicated lines subjected to mass selection over a period of nine generations. Inbreeding advanced by 2.0–2.3% per generation. Regression coefficients per 1% increase in inbreeding, based on 817 degrees of freedom for first parity sows, were −.56 ±.23 kg for dam weight at first parturition (12 mo), −.48 ±.19 kg for dam weight change from parturition to weaning, −.013 ±.034 for litter size at birth, −.103 ±.033 for litter size at weaning and −1.36 ±.36 kg for litter weight at weaning. Regressions for post-natal traits, estimated for progeny produced by second parity dams during the final three generations (638 df) were 10.3 ± 4.0 g for birth weight, 16.8 ± 32.7 g for weaned weight, −4.53 ± 1.22 g for post-weaning daily gain, −.34 ±.16 mm for backfat,.10 ±.04 cm2 for cross-sectional area of the longissimus dorsi, and.09 ±.04% for estimated yield of trimmed retail product from the carcass.

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